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Section 1: Page 3
The Nation’s Beginnings
On the eve of their interaction, Native American,
West African, and European peoples live in
complex societies.
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Learning Target
“I Can Identify the reasons
for Colonization of the Americas”
“I Can evaluate the impact of
Colonization to the Americas”
Objective
Identify the reasons
for Colonization of the Americas
and evaluate its impact.
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You have 5 Minutes
VOCABULARY TERMS:
Analysis
Bering Strait
Diverse
Conquistador
Plague
Columbus
Middle Passage
New England
Renaissance
Exploration and the Colonial Era,
Beginnings to 1763
Native Americans
develop complex
societies. Starting in
1492, Europeans and
then Africans bring
their cultures to the
New World. British
colonies thrive, and
Britain dominates
North America after
defeating France at
war.
Native Americans observing the arrival of a
European ship.
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Christopher Columbus
Appetizer!
• Was Christopher
Columbus out to find if
the world was round?
Or did he have other
motives for heading
west? Explain your
rationale.
PAY ATTENTION TO THE WINKY
SECTION
1
The Americas, Africa,
and Europe
Ancient Cultures in the Americas
The First Americans
• 22,000 years ago hunters cross from Asia to
Alaska over Beringia
Map
Hunting and Gathering
• Inhabitants hunt large animals until climate warms
• 12,000 to 10,000 years ago hunt small game,
gather nuts and berries
Agriculture Develops
• Planting of crops begins in central Mexico 10,000
to 5,000 years ago
• Some cultures remain nomadic—moving in
search of food and water
Continued . . .
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Early Colonial Claims
• 1492 Christopher Columbus’
voyage led to European settlement
• Spanish Conquistadors were
followed by Portugal, Holland,
England, France, and even Russia
(1741)
• They came for God, Gold, and
Glory!
• St. Augustine, FL (Spain, 1565) =
oldest city in U.S.
The Columbian Exchange
• Columbus’ Legacy is a Mixture of Pros and Cons.
• New Animals Introduced (Horses, Cattle, Hogs, Sheep, etc.)
• New Foods Introduced in Europe (Corn, Potatoes, Tomatoes,
etc.)
• Measles, Mumps, Typhus, & Smallpox (Diseases) - Maybe
90% of Native Americans perished.
• African slavery introduced to provide labor in New World by
Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, and later the English would
dominate the trade.
The Middle Passage
• By 1650 an estimated 300,000 African
slaves were in the Spanish Caribbean
working gold and silver mines and
plantations.
• The Portuguese in Brazil dominated the
European sugar trade and more than
40% of 12 million slaves taken from
Africa were sent to S. America.
• The English =largest exporters of slaves
after 1690 (1.7 million in just over 100
years) and only 400,000 actually wound
up in the U.S.
The Middle Passage
• The Middle Passage was the middle leg of the Atlantic trade triangle.
Analysis of Historical Events
PERSIA
PERSIA
P – Power,
Politics
E- Economics
R- Religion
S-Social
I-Innovation,
Invention
A-Artistic, Art
Using the PERSIA Matrix – Identify
reasons why European Powers
wanted to colonize the new world?
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Map
Continued . . .
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Continued . . .
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Interactive
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Reflect (On the bottom;
C-Note) On your own:
Describe at least three
ways in which the
Colonization of America
will affect other
countries.