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BELLWORK
1. What was the Magna Carta?
2. What is Parliament?
3. What did English, French, and Roman monarchies
have in common?
• Read “Byzantine Foundations” on page 101 and
answer the following questions:
4. How did the Byzantine Empire come into existence?
5. Why was the city of Constantinople so important to
the Byzantine Empire? (List 3 reasons!)
6. Describe culture and society within the Byzantine
Empire.
Unit 1 Test
• 3 Parts:
– Part 1: Short
Answers = 20 points
– Part 2: Matching =
10 points
– Part 3: Scantron
Multiple Choice = 50
points
• TOTAL = 80 points
Short Answer #1
•
Explain the background of human origins, leading to
the Neolithic Revolution.
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Where did human civilization originate? When? 4.4 million
years ago in Eastern Africa – 2 pts
Explain the progression of civilization through the Ice Age
and Stone Age. Ice Age happened when the summers
did not get hot enough, causing glaciers to spread
across the earth, and sea levels dropped – 2 pts \
Stone Age marked the beginning of tool making using
stone – 1 pt
What were the first classes of Homo sapiens? How were
they different? First classes were Neanderthals and Cro
Magnons. – 1 pt Neanderthals were shorter, stockier,
broad facial features – 2pts
What was the Neolithic Revolution? How did this change
early civilizations? Important transition between
nomadic hunter/gatherers to people producing their
own food – 2 pts
Short Answer #2
•
Describe the Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta,
as well as, their major conflict leading to the
Peloponnesian Wars.
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What were the characteristics of Sparta? City-state that
focused on military and army – 2 pts
What were the characteristics of Athens? City-state that
focused on the arts and intellect – 2 pts
What was the Peloponnesian War? War between the two
Greek city states for power and control over Greece –
2 pts
Which side won the war? How and Why? Sparta won – 2
pts; They won because Persia joined Sparta’s side and
the Athenian plague killed 1/3 of Athens’ population – 2
pts
Short Answer #3
•
Explain the Macedonian empire and their two most
important leaders: Phillip II and Alexander the Great.
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Who was Phillip II? What were his goals for the
Macedonian empire? Phillip II was the King of
Macedonia; His goals were to create a strong army,
unify the Greek city-states, and defeat Persia – 3 pts
What happened to Phillip II? Who became the next ruler?
Phillip II was assassinated by his body guard,
Pausinias, and his son, Alexander took over – 2 pts
Who was Alexander the Great? What achievements did he
make for the empire? Next great leader of Macedonia.
He defeated Persia, expanded empire to 22 million
sqmi, combined cultures – 3 pts
Why was the Macedonian empire so successful? He let
the conquered peoples keep their own culture, very
strong rule – 2 pts
Short Answer #4
•
Describe Augustus Caesar’s rule and achievements
he made to the modern world.
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How did Augustus come to power in Rome? Augustus
comes to power after Julius Caesar is assassinated
and Rome gets out of Civil War (2points)
What were Augustus’ main reforms he implemented in the
Roman Empire? Ruled for 40 years, he attacked
government corruption, imported food for the poor,
and architecture – 3 pts
What were Augustus’ main accomplishments? Started
Pax Romana, which lasted 200 years – 2 points
What achievements in the Roman Empire contributed to
society in modern America? Language, architecture, art,
sculpture, roads, government, court system, laws – 3
points
Monarchies
• As you know, the most
powerful monarchies
in Medieval Europe
were England, France,
and Rome.
• Let’s discuss how
each king made
changes within his
kingdom.
• Pay attention and fill in
any missing
information!
The Crusades
• The Crusades:
Series of nine
military battles
where European
Christians tried to
recover the Holy
Land from the
Muslims.
• 1096-1254
The Crusades - background
• In the 1000’s, the Seljuk Turks (from Central Asia) took
control of Jerusalem and surrounding areas.
• Jerusalem was a sacred city for Jews, Muslims and
Christians……. All wanted control!
• The purpose of the Crusades was for the Christians to
recover the Holy Land from the Muslims.
• Muslims (Turks/Seljuks) vs. Christians
(Rome/Byzantine)
• After about 160 years of fighting, the Muslims won!
• To learn more about these important religious battles,
you are going to complete a worksheet.
• We will do some portions together, so follow along!
The First Crusade
• 1096-1099
• Ended with the Christian capture of Jerusalem
The Second Crusade
• 1147-1149
• In response to the
fall of the County
of Edessa (one of
the first crusader
states established
during First
Crusade)
The Third Crusade
• 1189-1192
• In response to the loss of Jerusalem to
Muslims.
• The Christians were unsuccessful and could not
capture the Jerusalem.
Nursery Rhymes
• Nursery Rhymes were the earliest political
cartoons.
• At the time, it was extremely dangerous to
criticize the government, so people
disguised their feelings with nursery
rhymes.
• We are going to read three of the most
popular nursery rhymes and learn what
they really mean.