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History of the Ancient and Medieval World The Glory That was Greece Part 1: Political Rise of Athens Walsingham Academy Mrs. McArthur Room 107 Greece Rebuilds (review) Ca. 1194 B.C.E. Ca. Trojan War 1100 B.C.E. 850 B.C.E. Mycenaean palaces collapse; Dark Age 776 B.C.E. 750-720 B.C.E. 750 B.C.E. Traditional date of first Olympic Games 700-650 B.C.E. Greek population begins to grow; trade and settlements increase Homer City-States emerge; overseas colonization begins; Greeks adopt alphabet from Phoenicians. Hoplite armor and tactics develop; Spartans conquer Messenia. Greece Rebuilds (review) 670-500 B.C.E. 600 B.C.E. Tyrants rule many city-states 594 B.C.E. Ca. 560-510 B.C.E. Solon reforms Athenian Constitution 508 B.C.E. Cleisthenes’ democratic reforms unify Attica. Coins are first minted (Lydians); science and philosopy start in Ionia. Peisitratus and sons rule as tyrants in Athens; Sparta is dominant in Peloponnese Hoplite Revolution Ca. 500 B.C.E. Hoplite in full battle dress depicted on vase. Bronze shield used to create phalanx-protective formation. Early Coins Lydian Lion Athenian Owl silver dekadrachm (ca. 400 B.C. E.) Solon: The Lawgiver •Solon created fair and just laws. •Solon initiated the formation of democratic government as opposed to absolute rule by nobility. •Statues and sculpture of him are in the halls of the Library of Congress, US House of Representatives and the Supreme Court of the United States, Peisistratus: The Builder and Civic Booster •Respected Solon’s Reforms •Created Festivals •Initiated Public Building Projects •Made People Proud to be Athenian Cleisthenes •Credited with having established democracy in Athens, •His reforms (end of the 6th Century BC) made possible the Golden Age of Athenian civilization (5th Century BC.) •Born into one of the city's foremost political dynasties (brother-in-law to Peisistratus:) an unlikely champion of the people when they rebelled against tyranny. Themistocles “Tragic” Hero of Persian War •Brilliant general + crafty politician •Wartime leader (against Xerxes’ Persia) •Defeats Persians- Salamis naval battle •Arrogant, Corrupt (ultimately ostracized) •Dies in Persia (working for enemy’s son!) Class Activities • Check and rehearse your homework with a partner. (Guided Reading Sheet: Rise of Greek City-States) • Complete Graphic Organizer Sparta Athens • Ask unanswered questions • Quiz Assignment • Read in text, pp. 116-119 • Topics: Architecture, Art, Poetry, Drama • Study PP “Glory That Was Greece, Part 2, Slides 2- 4” (on Blackbaud) • Take Virtual Field Trip to Acropolis (Slide 3) Note: While on Blackbaud, check Extra-Credit Possibility for this week!