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The Ancient Greeks Part 2 Formation of the Delian League • The Greeks decided to form an alliance to help fight off another attack by the Persians • Each city would donate money and the Athenians would manage the defense • The alliances money will be kept at a treasury on the island of Delos • The alliance became known as the Delian League Formation of the Delian League • By 454 BC is was obvious that the Persians were not coming back • Athens moved the treasury to the city of Athens • The Athenians used the treasury to rebuild their city, their navy and make the Delian league into their own personal empire The Age of Pericles • Between 461 BC and 429 BC Athens flourished • It became the most powerful polis • Under the leadership of a statesman named Pericles, Athens came to dominate the Greek world The Peloponnesian War • Many of the Greek city states protest the rule of Athens and wanted to leave the Delian League • Athens said once a member of the Delian League always a member of the League • When the polis of Plataea tried to leave the League, Athens attacked the city • Plataea looks to Sparta for help beginning the Peloponnesian War The Peloponnesian War • A former Athenian general, Thucydides wrote a history the conflict call the Peloponnesian War • Both sides, Athens and Sparta had a plan to win the war Spartan Strategy • Spartan would organize their allies and invade Attica and attack the city • The Spartans would destroy the farm land and the country side forcing the Athenians to come out and fight • The Spartan would have the advantage with their superior army and defeat the Athenians Athenian Strategy • Remain inside their protective walls • Re-supply their city using the Long Walls to the port city of Piraeus and their navy • Let the Spartan wear themselves out The Peloponnesian War • Early stages of the war went in favor of Athens • Sparta could not breach Athens’ walls • The city was well supplied by its’ navy via the long walls • To many in the ancient world the Athenian political system seems superior to the Spartan 432 BC • In 432 BC disaster hit Athens • A devastating plague broke out in the city • The plague killed more than 1/3 of the people of Athens • In 429 BC the plague even to the life of Pericles What was the Plague? • Typhus- bacterial infection spread through parasites • Smallpox-disease caused by a one of two types of viruses • Bubonic plague- a very deadly disease caused by a bacteria transmitted through parasites • Cholera- caused by the exposure of drinking water to human and animal waste • Anthrax- Bacterial disease that affect both man and animals. • Ebola- viral disease that is almost 100% fatal. Transmitted through contact with body fluids, esp. from the open wounds of the victim • Typus • Smallpox • Bubonic plague • Cholera • Anthrax • Ebola The Later Phase of the War • Spartan change her strategy around 432 BC • Spartan started attack Athens’ allies or helping them rebel • Athens depended on her allies for supplies • Athens now found herself having to not only fight Sparta but constantly reconquering her allies The End of the War • By 405 BC Athens was worn out by the constant war • Sparta had manage to help most of Athens’ allies escape fro her control • At a place call Aegospotami Sparta destroyed Athens’ navy • Without the navy, Athens’ was defeated Results of the War • Athens’ had to tear down her wall and the long wall • Sparta took control of the Delian League • Sparta did not know how to manage the league and it fell apart • The Greeks fell back to fighting amongst themselves Watch out!!!!!! • While the Greeks are fighting amongst themselves, the fail to notice a new enemy from the North