Download Vocab: city

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Greece Overview - stop from 1:58-2:10
Lesson 1:
The Early Greeks
Thinking Focus: What were some of the forces
that influenced the rise of civilization in Ancient
Greece?
p. 328
Vocab: city-state
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The Land
Around the Sea
p. 329
Aegean Sea
Peloponnesus
Greece is a country in Europe. In ancient times, the
Greeks’ lives centered along the Aegean Sea.
People settled along the Peloponnesus Peninsula
and the surrounding islands.
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Ancient
Greece
Geography
How has the geography of
Montana impacted your lives?
•Driving
•Vacation
•School
•Clothing
•Recreation
•Geography had the
same impacts on
Ancient Greeks
Physical Geography
Greece is very mountainous
• 75% of Greece is covered by
mountains
• Difficult to farm
Surrounded by seas
• Greece is located on the
Balkan Peninsula
• Made trade easier
– Could get what they could
not grow
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Cut off by mountains and the seas
• Isolated
– Led to the formation of city-states
– Limited interaction and unity of Ancient Greece
– Created fierce rivalries
• Sea became a vital link
– Hundreds of bays to provide safe harbor for ships
– Skilled sailors
• Traded olive oil, wine, and marble
• Returned with grains, metals, and ideas
– Adapted the Phoenician alphabet
– Became basis for all Western alphabets
Farming and Climate of Ancient Greece
Greece has a Mediterranean climate
• Winters are mild and wet
– limited farming
– grapes and olives
• Summers are warm and dry
– leads to drought
– grapes and olives are one of the few plants that can survive
the summer droughts
• Precipitation/Temperature
– Greece receives 16 inches of precipitation
• Average temperature is a balmy 64 degrees
– Montana receives 22 inches of annual precipitation
• Average temperature is a chilly 32 degrees
How is this different from Montana?
Early Civilizations
p. 331
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The Minoans
2000-1400 B.C.
It was the first Greek Civilization and
began on the island of Crete. They
developed a system of writing.
King Minos lived in a maze of a palace with
1500 rooms! The walls were painted with
pictures of people jumping over bulls! The
Palace at Knossos was discovered in the
1900s.
Even poor people had four-room stone
houses with
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Palace at Knossos
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King’s Palace at Knossos
Room in west wing
Queen’s bedroom
Queen’s bathroom
Throne
room
King’s
throne
Fresco – east wing
Staircase
– east
wing
Libation
vase
Bull at
royal
gate
Golden
labrys
Column
The Minoans
Natural disasters hit Crete!
• Earthquake (around 1700 BCE)
• Volcanic eruption (around 1500 BCE)
• Tidal waves (following volcanic eruption)
• The Minoans disappear
“Good thing we did not build there!” the Greeks
agreed happily.
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The Mycenaeans
p. 332
The Mycenaeans were another
tribe of early people on the Greek
MAINLAND of Pelloponesus.
•built large fleets of ships
•had great sailors
•built similar palaces as the
Minoans
•copied their writing system.
They fought the Minoans and
conquered them in 1450 B.C.
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The Dorians
The Mycenaeans were
conquered then by the
Dorians. They took over
and all written records
stopped. The Dorians did
not write things down.
Greece fell into a dark
age!
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Question:
Why did ancient Greece fall into a dark age
when the Dorians took over?
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The Rise of City-States
By 800 B.C.,the cities developed into citystates (independent, self-governing
units). The Greeks began to write again
copying the Phoenician alphabet. Homer
wrote long poems (epics) based on oral
tradition.
The Odyssey was one of the most
important achievements of the early
Greeks!
By 600s and 500s B.C., city-states
flourished in gov’t, art, literature and
science -- starting the “Age of
Expansion”
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Lesson 1:
The Early Greeks
Thinking Focus: What were some of the forces
that influenced the rise of civilization in Ancient
Greece?
p. 328
Vocab: city-state
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Ch. 11 - L.1 The Early Greeks
Ch. 11 - L.1 The Early Greeks
Notes Outline
Notes Outline
I. The Early Greeks
A. Greek Geography
1.
2.
3.
4.
B. Greek Farming and Climate
1.
2.
3.
C. Minoans
1.
2.
3.
D. Mycenaeans
1.
2.
3.
E. The Dark Age
1.
2.
F. City States
1.
2.
I. The Early Greeks
A. Greek Geography
1.
2.
3.
4.
B. Greek Farming and Climate
1.
2.
3.
C. Minoans
1.
2.
3.
D. Mycenaeans
1.
2.
3.
E. The Dark Age
1.
2.
F. City States
1.
2.
Lesson 1
Literature: The Cyclops’s Cave
p. 334
Can you
think of
other
monster
villains
from
movies or
TV?
Cyclops Movie (2 min)
•The Cyclops’s Cave is found in the
Odyssey, based on oral tradition
and is ingrained in Greek’s history
•agile: to move quickly
•flinders: splinters, small pieces
•converging: coming together
•taunt: insult or challenge
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Ch. 11 - L.1 Literature Questions:
Ch. 11 - L.1 Literature Questions:
The Cyclops’s Cave
The Cyclops’s Cave
Name _______________________
Points ____/10
Name _______________________
Points ____/10
1. Who was Polyphemus?
1. Who was Polyphemus?
_____________________________
_____________________________
2. Why did Ulysses say Polyphemus wouldn’t enjoy 2. Why did Ulysses say Polyphemus wouldn’t enjoy
the sailor? _________________________________ the sailor? _________________________________
3. Do you feel Polyphemus liked Ulysses in the
3. Do you feel Polyphemus liked Ulysses in the
beginning of the story? Why?
beginning of the story? Why?
___________________________________________ ___________________________________________
_________________________________________ _________________________________________
4. What did Ulysses give Polyphemus to drink?
4. What did Ulysses give Polyphemus to drink?
__________________________________________ __________________________________________
5. How many men had been eaten? __________
5. How many men had been eaten? __________
6. What did Ulysses do to blind the Cyclops?
6. What did Ulysses do to blind the Cyclops?
__________________________________________ __________________________________________
7. Explain how the men escaped the cave:
7. Explain how the men escaped the cave:
__________________________________________ __________________________________________
8. Who did Polyphemus say blinded him?
8. Who did Polyphemus say blinded him?
__________________________________________ __________________________________________
9. Why did Ulysses end up “regretting his final taunt,”9. Why did Ulysses end up “regretting his final taunt,”
on p. 337?
on p. 337?
__________________________________________ __________________________________________
10. Who did Polyphemus pray to to punish Ulysses? 10. Who did Polyphemus pray to to punish Ulysses?
__________________________________________ __________________________________________
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Lesson 2:
Athens: A City-State
Thinking Focus: What were some of the forces
that influenced the rise of civilization in Ancient
Greece?
p. 338
Vocab: democracy, monarchy, oligarchy
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tyrant, barter
Democracy
p. 339
Kings ruled before the Dark Age. A monarchy is a
system of government where a king rules over a
group of people.
During the Dark Age, oligarchies took over, or a
system of government in which a few people hold
power. Food shortages led to unrest and tyrants took
over.
A tyrant is someone who seizes power by force.
They
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promised to reform laws and aid the poor.
Government & Education
• Athens grew tired of
harsh tyrants and
decided to share the
decision-making
among themselves.
• 500 citizens randomly
chosen every year to
propose new laws
• Citizens were jurors
and interpreted
lawsAthenian
democracy was for
Government & Education
• Athenian democracy
was for free, male
Athenians only.
Education for men
was highly valued.
Only boys of wealthy
families attended
schools. The term
academy comes from
Athens.