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Computer Software Unit C 1 Objectives Introduce Computer Software Explain How Computers Interpret Software Define Document Production Software Define Spreadsheet Software 2 Objectives Define Database Management Software Define Graphics Software Define Business and Science Software Define Entertainment and Education Software Understand Licenses and Copyrights 3 Software Categories Application Software System Software 4 System Software Operating Systems Device Drivers Utilities Programming Languages DOS Windows Mac OS Linux UNIX 5 Application Software Document Production Reference Statistical Spreadsheet Software Mathematical Modeling Entertainment Data Management Accounting & Finance Music Video Educational Graphics 6 Software Topics Computer program – main executable program (.exe) Support module – called by the program (.dll) Data module – Example: a dictionary file or a file that is not supplied by the user 7 How Computers Interpret Software Computer programmers write instructions for programs Most businesses purchase software instead of writing their own 8 How Computers Interpret Software Computer languages – Source code – High-level languages: COBOL, C++, Java Machine language Compiler – Creates object code in single batch Interpreter – Converts one instruction at a time – Common with web-based scripts (part of web page) 9 Document Production Software Use to compose, edit, design, print or electronically publish documents Types – Word processing (Word) – Desktop publishing (PageMaker) – Web authoring (Front Page) 10 Document Production Elements Formatting Page Layout Headers/Footers Clipart Tables Frames Spell check Word wrap Margins Styles 11 Spreadsheet Software Use for numerical calculations and graphs Rows and columns Worksheet, cell, cell references Cells can contain 90 – – – – Values Labels Functions Formulas 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 12 Spreadsheet Software Formulas vs. functions Relative vs. absolute cell referencing Automatic recalculation Templates What-if analysis Not always best for business 13 Data Management Software Use to store, find, organize, update and report information Database: collection of related files Records and fields 14 Data Management Software Using database software you can: – Import and export data – Query records in a particular field • SQL (Structured Query Language) • Natural query language • Query by example (QBE) – Print reports Always use information appropriately – Data integrity – Privacy – Copyright 15 Graphics Software Use to create, display, modify, manipulate and print graphics Paint software: realistic art and photos Photo Editing software: simplifies common editing tasks Drawing software: uses vector figures & shapes to create “cartoon-like” images. 16 Graphics Software 3-D Graphics software: create wireframes and then cover with a texture CAD (computer-aided design): 3-D software designed for architects and engineers Presentation software: creates electronic slides like these 17 Business Software Accounting & Finance – Personal finance – Tax preparation – Small business accounting Vertical Market – Hospitals, construction, schools Horizontal Market – Generic like payroll – Project management Groupware – Help collaboration on group projects 18 Science Software Statistical/graphing software Mathematical modeling software – Math CAD 19 Software Suites A collection of application software sold in a package – Microsoft Office, Star Office, Open Office, WordPerfect Office Available for productivity, antivirus, and graphics Cost and usability 20 Entertainment Software Audio editing (sound recorder) Music •Ear MP3 player Games training •Notation •Computer-aided music •MIDI sequencing Video editing (Adobe Premiere) 21 Educational Software Learn and practice new skills – Arithmetic – Reading – Languages – Typing – SAT Reference software (CD-ROMs) 22 License vs. Copyright Software License: a legal contract that defines the ways in which you may use a computer program. Copyright: a form of legal protection that grants the author of an original work an exclusive right to copy, distribute, sell and modify that work. Software piracy For contract to take effect: – Open a shrink-wrap license product – Agree to an installation agreement 23 Types of Copyright Protections Commercial: License adheres to limitations of copyright law Shareware: try before you buy on the honor system Freeware: no fee - can use, but not alter or sell Open Source: uncompiled source code that can be changed - sold or free Public Domain: can be copied, altered and resold 24 Types of Licenses Single-user Site license Multiple-user Concurrent-user 25 Tech Talk: Installing Software System requirements – Operating system and minimum hardware capacities Steps (setup.exe) – – – – – – Copy files to hard drive Uncompress if necessary (Win Zip) Verify system requirements met Select appropriate device drivers Necessary system files/players (Media Player) Update registry and program menu Uninstall routine or Windows Add/Remove programs 26 Issue Is Privacy a Problem? 27 Computer Software End 28