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Transcript
Concepts of Database Management, Fifth Edition Chapter 8: Database Administration Objectives Discuss the need for database administration (DBA) Explain the DBA’s responsibilities in formulating and enforcing database policies for access privileges, security, disaster planning, and archiving Discuss the DBA’s administrative responsibilities for DBMS evaluation and selection, DBMS maintenance, data dictionary management, and training Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 2 Objectives Discuss the DBA’s technical responsibilities for database design, testing, and performance tuning Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 3 Database Administration (DBA) Resource that supervises database and use of DBMS DBA functions are usually performed by a group May refer to one person also called a database administrator Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 4 Figure 8.1: DBA Responsibilities Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 5 Policy Formulation and Enforcement Access Privileges Users access the database only in ways in which they are entitled Security Access restrictions ensure database is secure Passwords, encryption, and views implement security Effective password protection critical Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 6 Figure 8.2: Access Privileges for Sam Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 7 Figure 8.3: Access Privileges for Paige Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 8 Figure 8.4: Access Privileges for Valerie Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 9 Figure 8.5: Attempted Security Violation by Brady Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 10 Figure 8.6: Attempted Security Violation by Paige Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 11 Figure 8.7: DBMS Supplies Security Features Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 12 Figure 8.8: Supplemented Security Features Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 13 Policy Formulation and Enforcement Disaster Planning Protection against physical damage Use DBMS backup and recovery tools with supplements where needed Disaster recovery plan Archiving Place to keep corporate data Mass-storage device used for archiving Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 14 Figure 8.9: Movement of Data to Archive Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 15 Other Database Administrative Functions DBMS Evaluation and Selection Data definition Data restructuring Nonprocedural languages Procedural languages Data dictionary Concurrent update Backup and recovery Security Integrity Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 16 Other Database Administrative Functions (Con’t.) Replication and distributed databases Limitations Documentation and training Vendor support Performance Portability Cost Future plans Other considerations Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 17 Other Database Administrative Functions (Con’t.) DBMS Maintenance Configuration changes Upgrades for new releases Problem resolution Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 18 Other Database Administrative Functions (Con’t.) Data Dictionary Management Is essentially database catalog with wider range of information Updates the data dictionary Establishes naming conventions for tables, fields, etc. Creates data integrity rules Training How to use DBMS and database Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 19 Technical Functions Database Design Establishes sound methodology for database design Creates documentation standards Manages changes Testing DBA controls production system Grants privileges to programmers to modify and test software Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 20 Figure 8.11: Interaction Between Test and Production Systems Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 21 Technical Functions (con’t.) Performance Tuning DBA attempts to get best performance with funding constraints Create indexes, splitting tables, changing table design Denormalization - process that creates a table not in 3NF to optimize performance JOINs may be too costly to just scan data Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 22 Figure 8.12: Customer Table Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 23 Figure 8.13a: Split Customer Table Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 24 Figure 8.13b: Split Customer Table Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 25 Figure 8.14: Including Part Descriptions in OrderLine Table Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 26 Summary Database administration (DBA) - person or group responsible for supervising database and use of database management system (DBMS) DBA formulates and enforces policies about Users who can access database Portions of database they may access In what manner they can access database DBA formulates and enforces policies about security Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 27 Summary DBA Creates and implements backup and recovery procedures Formulates and enforces policies that govern the management of an archive for data Leads effort to evaluate and select new DBMS Installs and maintains DBMS after it has been selected and procured Maintains data dictionary, establishes naming conventions for its contents, and provides information from it to others in the organization Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 28 Summary DBA Coordinates and provides database and DBMS training Verifies all information-level database designs, completes all physical-level database designs, and creates documentation standards Controls production system, which is accessible only to authorized users Tunes database design to improve performance Concepts of Database Management, 5th Edition 29