Download Oracle Applications Concepts II

Oracle Applications 11i
Concepts II
Brian Hitchcock
OCP 11i DBA -- OCP 10g DBA
Sun Microsystems
[email protected]
[email protected]
Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
www.brianhitchcock.net
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Presentation is Available
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Contents
 Oracle Applications Concepts I
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What is Oracle Applications?
11i Architecture
Oracle Application Tiers
Login to Oracle Applications
Online Oracle Application environments
 Oracle Applications Concepts II
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11i Applications Filesystem
Applications DBA utilities
Database DBA vs 11i DBA
Backups
Resources
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Focus
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Generic Oracle Applications concepts
Not tied to specific installation(s)
Provide background for how Apps works
Help with support tasks in general
Technical
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how it works
how to make it go
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11i Applications File System
 $APPL_TOP
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Top directory for all Oracle Application software
Contains $PROD_TOP for each product
Applications patches make changes in
APPL_TOP
 Environment variables setup at login
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Environment files
 Can be shared (shared APPL_TOP)
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NFS mounted filesystem
Shared by two or more application tier servers
Apply patches once for all application tiers
Single point of failure
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11i Applications File System
 Home directory of applmgr UNIX user
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APPL_TOP
 Contains product directories
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ORA_TOP
 8.0.6 Forms
- ORACLE_HOME for forms server
 iAS Web Server (Apache)
- ORACLE_HOME for web server
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COMMON_TOP
 Directories/files used across products
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11i Database File System
 Database has
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ORACLE_HOME
 ORACLE_HOME for database
 Database software
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/oradata01-05
 Database tablespace datafiles
 Three ORACLE_HOMES
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When applying applications patches
 Patch applied in 8.0.6 ORACLE_HOME
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Environment Files
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Many pieces of software
All need to be configured
Many environment variables to be setup
How is this done?
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Overall configuration file
<context>.xml
 Context is <SID>_<hostname>
 Stored in $APPL_TOP/admin
Multiple environment files sourced at login
 Stored in $APPL_TOP
 APPSORA.env – calls other environment files
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OS Users
 Can install with single OS user
 We use two
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UNIX user ‘oracle’
UNIX user ‘applmgr’
 Note that ‘applmgr’ is used in Oracle docs
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Refers to the application code owner
Will be different for other installations
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11i AutoConfig
 Many configuration files
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Changes required manually editing multiple files
 Tedious, error prone
 Autoconfig utility
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Automates most configuration tasks
Make changes to context file
Execute autoconfig
Changes propagated to configuration files
 Doesn’t handle customizations
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May overwrite non-standard modifications
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11i Cloning
 Create exact copy of applications environment
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Database
Application software
 More involved than just a copy of database
 Multiple steps
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Somewhat automated
Rapid clone utility
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11i Patching
 Never ending process
 Applications patches applied with adpatch
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Some database patches applied with opatch
Must be in maintenance mode to apply patch (11.5.10)
Patch can’t be removed
 Only recourse is to recover from filesystem backups
 Patches change product software
 Patches change database objects
 Applied patches recorded in database
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Database must be running while patch applied
Applications tier processes down while patching
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11i Applications Manager
 GUI tool for managing environment
 What can it do?
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Show patches applied
Show impact of new patches
Performance metrics
Monitor security
Configure environment
 Edit context file, run autoconfig
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Database DBA vs 11i DBA
 Users
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Oracle Database Users
 Access database (SQL*Plus, etc)
 Have specific privileges on database objects
 Stored in DBA_USERS table
Oracle Application Users
 Don’t access the database directly
 Don’t have privileges on database objects
 Have responsibilities in Oracle Applications
 Access db through APPS db user
- Access limited by responsibilities
 Stored in FND_USER table
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Database DBA vs 11i DBA
 Administrator
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Database
 SYS, SYSTEM, db user with DBA role
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Oracle Applications
 SYSADMIN
 User with System Administrator responsibility
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Database DBA vs 11i DBA
 Privileges vs Responsibilities
 Database privileges
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Granted on specific db objects
Granted to specific db users or roles
 Oracle Applications responsibilities
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Assigned to Oracle Applications users
Allow access to groups of db objects
Access is through APPS db user
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Database DBA vs 11i DBA
 Users and responsibilities
 Oracle database users and privileges
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Can be dropped (removed)
 Oracle Applications users
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Can’t be removed, only ‘end-dated’
 When created, user has start and end date
 Oracle Applications user responsibility
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Can’t be removed, only ‘end-dated’
 When assigned, responsibility has start/end dates
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Database DBA vs 11i DBA
 Multiple ORACLE_HOMEs
 For database DBA
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Single ORACLE_HOME
 For Oracle Applications
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Three ORACLE_HOMEs
 Database
 8.0.6 for Oracle Forms
 iAS Web Server (Apache)
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Backups
 How can this be complicated?
 Database backups well defined
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Copy all database datafiles (*.dbf files)
Copy init.ora, tnsnames.ora etc.
Copy archived redo logs if needed (hot db backup)
 Oracle Applications environment backup
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Database
Application software tree
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Backups
 Complete cold backup
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Most conservative, most downtime
Single tier
 Shutdown application tier processes (servers)
 Shutdown database and database listener
 Copy all filesystems to tape
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Multi-tier
 Shutdown all tiers
 Backup all filesystems on all tiers to tape
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Backups
 Hot backup – version 1
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No downtime, some risk
Single tier
 Application/db tier processes are running
 Hot db backup to disk
 Copy all filesystems to tape
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Multi-tier
 Hot db backup to disk
 Copy all filesystems to tape for all tiers
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Backups
 Hot backup – version 1 issues
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Assumes application code tree is static
Assumes configuration static
Log files may be lost
 Generated during tape backup
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Database can be recovered to point of failure
 Restore backup files, apply redo logs
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Applications code tree recovered to latest tapes
 No equivalent to database archived redo logs
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Backups
 Hot backup – version 2
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No downtime, more risk
Single tier
 Application/db tier processes are running
 Hot db backup to disk
 Copy only db backup files to tape
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Multi-tier
 Hot db backup to disk
 Copy only db backup files to tape
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Backups
 Hot backup – version 2 issues
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Same as for version 1
Over longer time
Applications file system recovery
 Back to most recent tape backup
 Out of synch with db backup
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Is this acceptable recovery?
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Backups – DR Systems
 How to keep DR system in synch?
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Database
 Apply redo logs from primary
 Keep DR database up with primary db
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Applications code tree
 No equivalent to database redo logs
 Need to refresh DR code tree from primary
- How to do this?
- How often to do this?
- How far behind db can code tree for DR?
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Resources
 Oracle Documents
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Oracle Technology Network -- otn.oracle.com
 Oracle Technical Support
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Metalink -- metalink.oracle.com
 Oracle online training
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www.oracle.com/education/oln
 Oracle University training
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education.oracle.com
 Solution Beacon
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Oracle Applications Environments
 Books
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Oracle Documents
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Oracle Documents
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Oracle Documents
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Oracle Documents
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Oracle Documents
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Oracle Documents
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Documentation
 Technical Overview
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Oracle Applications Concepts
 Release 11i (11.5.10.2)
 Part No. B19295-03
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Available at
 http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B25516_18/cu
rrent/acrobat/11iconcepts.pdf
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Oracle Technical Support
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle Technical Support
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Oracle Technical Support
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Oracle Online Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle Online Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle Online Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle Online Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle Online Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle University Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle University Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle University Training
www.brianhitchcock.net
Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle University Training
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Oracle 11i Books
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Oracle 11i Books
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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