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MCITP Administrator: Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Database Server Infrastructure Design Study Guide (70-443) Chapter 1: Designing the Hardware and Software Infrastructure Principles of Infrastructure • Planning is essential • Important to understand underlying premises, not a single set of rules • Infrastructure desighn varies by project – no one size fits all © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing Current Configurtaion • Inventory operating systems, service packs and hotfixes running • Confirm that all service packs and hotfixes applied • Identify compatibility issues • Inventory SQL Server editions, versions, service packs and hotfixes • Update service packs and hotfixes as necessary – for SQL Server these can be obtained ay http://www.microsoft.com/sql/downloads/default. mspx © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing Current Configuration • Inventory which SQL Server services are running, especially – SQL Server Engine – SQL Server Agent – SQL Server Analysis Services – SQL Server Reporting Services – SQL Server Integration Services – SQL Server Browser – SQL Server Full-Text Searc © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing Current Configuration • Inventory hardware, including disk subsystems, CPU, network cards and power supplies on servers. • Note RAID and SCSI use, if any • Record existing SQL Server configuration settings • Record SQL Server instances and where they exist • Record minimum and maximum settings, CPU used by each instance • Assess quality of database server documentation © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing Current Configuration • Determine locations of transaction log files and data files. • Examine the use of filegroups. • Assess is adequate data-file sizes are allocated to databases. • Verify AutoShrink property is set to false. • Determine if disk maintenance activities such as defragmentation are performed routinely. • Review Event Viewer records to identify disk-storage related problems. © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Forecasting Growth Requirements • Is growth planned for or anticipated? • Are there plans to utilize applictaions that require additional dtabases • Are there plans to improve the database server hardware • What changes in cost of hardwrae are expected? • What data archiving requirements exist? • What are the regulatory requirements? © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Business Requirements to Consider in planning • Budgetary constraints • Existing IT Policies – – – – Remote Access Policies Encryption Service-Level Agreements Standard hardware and software configurations • Regulatory Requirements • Data Security – – – – Confidentiality agreements Privacy restrictions Data encryption needs External regulations • Data availability © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing Storage Requirements • Assess Current Storage Capacity – Disk space capacity – Disk throughput capacity – Locations and roles of database servers © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Forecasting/Planning Storage Requirements • Establish estinmation period • Project Growth Rate of Required Disk Space – Linear growth – Compound growth – Geometric growth © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Assessing Impact of Regulatory Requirements • Regulatory requirements will affect how long data needs to be retained, the level of security and thus storage requirements. Most common types of impact: – Longevity – Privacy – Security © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing Network Requirements • All DBAs need to have nuts and bolts understanding • All DBAs need to identify key factors when analyzing current traffic • All DBAs need to be able to estimate future network requirements © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Identifying Factors Influencing Database Network Traffic • Create a network digram showing parts of network that: – Deliver relicated data rto other servers – Backup files to network devices – Provide data to client applications • Identify following connectivity influencers: – Local and remote connections between servers – Firewalls – Antivirus applications © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Identifying Factors Influencing Database Network Traffic • Gather following information about each database server: – Number of SQL Server instances – Instance names – Installed SQL services – Network protocols © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing Current Database Network Traffic • • • • • • Traffic between servers Backup processes Database mirroring Replication Traffic between clients and servers Identify potential bottlenecks © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Forecasting & Planning Future Network Requirements • Make a growth estmaet for each network type • Establish a baseline and study trends • Understand specific business needs and the expected workload for the estimation period. © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Analyzing CPU Requirements • Assess Current CPU Performance by reviewing: – Type of CPUs – Affinity Mask settings – Current CPU usage – Identify bottlenecks © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Forecasting & Planning CPU Requirements • • • • Determine Estimation Period Establish baseline of CPU usage Identify factors effecting CPU usage Confirm estimates by performing load tests and by using sizing tools © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Memory Requirements: Assess Current Status • Determine how much physical memory is installed on the server • What processes make use of memory • Use the following System Monitor counters to assess potential bottlenecks: – – – – – – Memory: Available Bytes Memory: Pages/sec SQL Server: Memory Manager Process: Working Set SQL Server: Buffer Manager SQL Server: Buffer Manager: Page Life Expectancy • Determine if database and memory size match is correct • Determine amount of memory used by connections © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Memory Requirements: Forecasting & Planning • Determine the number of SQL Server instances • Estimate database growth • Specify the number of concurrent users • Use baseline data • Determine the rate of growth I memory usage over time © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Specifying Software Versions & Hardware Configurations • Meet or exceed design requirements • Perform cost-benefit analyses • Choose from approved hardwrae & software configurations • Be prepared to justify variations from standards © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Choosing Version and Edition of Operating System • The edition of SQL Server 2005 is dependent of which OS and version is in use • Internet Explorer 6.0 SP1 or higher is required • Your machine must meet hardware requirements • Hardware requirements are different for each edition © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Five Editions of SQL Server • • • • • Express Workgroup Standard Enterprise Developer © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Standard/Enterprise/ Developer Editions • For 32-bit CPUs • 600 MHz Pentium III-compatible or faster processor; 1 GHz or faster processor recommended • 512 MB of RAM minimum, 1 GB or more recommended • ~350 MB of available hard-disk space for the recommended installation with ~425 MB of additional space for Books Online, and sample databases • Windows XP Service Pack 2 or later; Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Service Pack 4 or later; Windows Server 2003 Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition with Service Pack 1 or later; Windows Small Business Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 or later © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Standard/Enterprise/ Developer Editions • For x64 CPUs • 1-GHz AMD Opteron, AMD Athlon 64, Intel Xeon with Intel EM64T support, Intel Pentium IV with EM64T support processor • 512 MB of RAM minimum, 1 GB or more recommended • ~350 MB of available hard-disk space for the recommended installation with ~425 MB of additional space for Books Online, and sample databases • Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Standard x64 Edition, Enterprise x64 Edition, or Datacenter x64 Edition with SP 1 or later; Windows XP Professional x64 Edition or later © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Standard/Enterprise/ Developer Editions • For Itanium CPUs • 1-GHz Itanium or faster processor • 512 MB of RAM minimum, 1 GB or more recommended • ~350 MB of available hard-disk space for the recommended installation with ~425 MB of additional space for Books Online, and sample databases • Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition or DataCenter Edition for Itanium-based systems with SP 1 or later © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Express Edition • 600 MHz Pentium III-compatible or faster processor; 1 GHz or faster processor recommended • 192 MB of RAM minimum; 512 MB or more recommended • ~350 MB of available hard-disk space for the recommended installation with ~425 MB of additional space for Books Online, and sample databases • Windows XP Service Pack 2 or later; Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Service Pack 4 or later; Windows Server 2003 Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition with Service Pack 1 or later; Windows Small Business Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 or later © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved. Workgroup Edition • 600 MHz Pentium III-compatible or faster processor; 1 GHz or faster processor recommended • 512 MB of RAM minimum, 1 GB or more recommended • ~350 MB of available hard-disk space for the recommended installation with ~425 MB of additional space for Books Online, and sample databases • Windows XP Service Pack 2 or later; Microsoft Windows 2000 Server Service Pack 4 or later; Windows Server 2003 Standard, Enterprise, or Datacenter Edition with Service Pack 1 or later; Windows Small Business Server 2003 with Service Pack 1 or later © Wiley Inc. 2006. All Rights Reserved.