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How to Thrive as a DBA in an Oracle10g World Speaker: George Trujillo, Trubix, Inc Think Training, Think Trubix www.trubix.com 1-1 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Objectives • Key Oracle10g features • Address future Oracle database directions • Discuss important skills sets for Oracle10g 1-2 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Trubix Inc. • Incorporated in 1994. – Largest content provider of Oracle related courses in world. Over 110 related courses. • Instructors are hand-selected from top consultants in North America. • Specializing in advanced Oracle, Linux and Java solutions. • George Trujillo - 17 years Oracle consulting experience. 1-3 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Oracle10g Environments are More Complex • Most Oracle9i DBAs are not prepared to support Oracle10g environments: – – – – – – – 1-4 Web services Java XML Application servers LDAP and Internet environments RAC, Data Guard, Advanced Queuing, Security ASM Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Oracle10g Key Areas • Greatly simplified administration in day to day tasks. • Enhancements to Oracle9i features • New tools and features • Enhancements to performance tuning • New backup and recovery features • New storage management features 1-5 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Improved Administration Features • Simplified initialization parameters – – – – – Basic and advanced parameters Tracking database features usage Improved tracing New and improved advisories Enhancements to utilities • Server and threshold alerts • The advanced parameters are available for more advanced databases. 1-6 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com The OEM Central Console • The Oracle 10g OEM Central Console is a Java based web browser that supports the management of the Oracle ecosystem. • This Central Console can be used to manage all the Oracle 10g databases and Oracle 10g application servers. • The Central Console can be used to manage, monitor and tune the entire Oracle infrastructure. 1-7 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com The OEM Central Console 1-8 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com EM2GO • EM2GO supports Oracle Database 10g management with wireless PDAs. – Supports SSL. – Uses the Pocket PC Internet Browser – Communicates between the Console and the Management Service. 1-9 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Big Tablespaces • Big tablespaces support extremely large tablespaces (4GB blocks) for VLDB environments. – They are designed for environments that contain Automatic Storage Management (ASM), logical volume managers or RAID. – An 8K block size big tablespace can support a 32 terabyte datafile. A 32K block big tablespace can support a 128 terabyte datafile. 1-10 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Creating a Big Tablespace • Bigfile tablespaces make sense in the context of an enterprise disk volume management context. Thus, the DBA must use a proper RAID configuration with striping and mirroring for optimal performance. • Example first portion of bigfile tablespace create statement: SQL > CREATE BIGFILE TABLESPACE big_data DATAFILE '/u09/oradata/dev10g/bigdata01.dbf' SIZE 100G…. 1-11 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Moving Tablespaces Cross Platform • At version 10g the DBA now has the ability to port transportable tablespaces across OS platforms. This provides the DBA with great flexibility when working with an integrated environment. • This view displays which OS environments support this new feature. SQL > COLUMN PLATFORM_NAME FORMAT A30 SQL> SELECT * FROM V$TRANSPORTABLE_PLATFORM; 1-12 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com The SQL Access Advisor • The SQL Access Advisor simplifies tuning SQL through the EM 10g browser based console. – The manual methods traditionally used by DBA’s are largely eliminated with this tool which allows a DBA to tune SQL running or drawn from the library cache or SQL from a tuning set created by the DBA. • The SQL Access Advisor recommends to the DBA indexes, materialized views etc to actually decrease what is known as the analyzed SQL workload according to the SQL Access Advisor. 1-13 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com SQL Access Advisor 1-14 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com SQL Tuning Advisor • The SQL Tuning Advisor tool is designed for optimizing SQL. The SQL Tuning Advisor: • Monitors inefficient SQL statements. • Evaluates resources (CPU, I/O, temporary space) consumed by these SQL statements. • Allows a DBA to tune SQL within the browser pages of the Oracle 10g database OEM console rather than via the command line only with utilities such as tkprof or SQL_TRACE. 1-15 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Automatic Workload Repository • The Automatic Workload Repository (AWR) collects data similar to STATSPACK for self-tuning features. • Self-tuning features that use AWR: – – – – 1-16 SQL Tuning Advisor Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor Undo advisor Segment Advisor Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor • The Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM) monitors over 50 events. • The ADDM facilitates automatic configuration with: – Automatic Storage Management (ASM) – Automatic Memory Management (AMM) 1-17 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com ADDM Looks For • • • • • • • • 1-18 Memory structure utilization CPU bottlenecks Utilization (checkpoints, archiving, log files, …) Concurrency Top end SQL I/O issues High end PL/SQL Hot segments Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Automatic Memory Management • Automatic Memory Management supports the automatic tuning of the key memory areas of the SGA. 1-19 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Automatic Maintenance Tasks (AMT) • The Automatic Maintenance Tasks allow DBAs to automate regular tasks with the Oracle Scheduler. 1-20 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Automatic Tuning with Advisory Central 1-21 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Scheduling Through EM 1-22 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Data Pump • Data pump is a new utility for exporting (expdp) and importing (impdp) data. – The new binaries are expdp and impdp. – The utilities can be accessed using the 10g EM console web browser pages or the traditional CLI or command line interface. 1-23 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Advantages of Data Pump • • • • Supports restarting data pump jobs. Sorts exporting/importing over the network. Estimates space required for export. Supports filters with INCLUDE and EXCLUDE. • Supports monitoring of current jobs. • Allows remapping of tablespaces. 1-24 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Loading and Unloading Data • An external table can load data into a data file as part of creating an external table with a AS SELECT statement. CREATE TABLE my_ext_tab ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL (TYPE ORACLE_DATAPUMP DEFAULT DIRECTORY my_dir LOCATION ('my_d.dmp') ) AS SELECT * FROM my_tab; 1-25 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Automatic Storage Management • Automatic Storage Management (ASM) allows disks to be managed as a logical volume within a disk group. • I/O is balanced to all disks within the disk group. • An ASM instance manages the disk group. • ASM contains two background processes (ARB0, ARB1). • The database instance uses an ASMB process that communicates with the ASM. RBAL does a global open on the ASM disks. 1-26 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Advantages of ASM • Improved performance by balanced I/O across disks in a disk group. • Simplifies data file and disks with disk groups. • Can eliminate the need for a volume manager. • Supports mirroring • Disks can be added and removed while the database is running. • Eliminates manual disk tuning. 1-27 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Flashback technology • • • • • • • Flashback database Flashback table Flashback version query Flashback drop Flashback transaction query Flashback row history Flashback transaction history 1-28 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Flashback Table • Flashback table restores a table or tables to a point in time without using backups. • Indexes, triggers and constraints are automatically maintained. 1-29 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Recycle Bin • The recycle bin is a repository for dropped tables and the associated objects. Dependent objects include: – – – – 1-30 Indexes Triggers LOBS and LOB index segments Nested tables Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Database Infrastructure Administrator • DBAs are needing to support new environments – – – – 1-31 Web services Application servers Java and XML Multi-tiered architectures Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Oracle Enterprise Manager • • • • • OEM is for wimps Central console management Support for advanced features Support for application server Tuning and monitoring 1-32 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Oracle10g Skills • Upcoming areas that Oracle DBAs with the necessary skills are going to be in demand: – – – – – – 1-33 64-bit architecture and Linux Application servers Multi-tiered architectures (Web services, XML, Java) Advanced configurations (RAC, GRID, Data Guard, AQ) Oracle10g storage management and ASM Oracle10g Administration Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Visit our web site at: www.trubix.com 1-34 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com Thank You for Attending! George J. Trujillo, Jr. [email protected] Think Training, Think Trubix www.trubix.com 1-35 Copyright Trubix™ Inc.,2003 - 2004 All rights reserved. www.trubix.com