Download Every living thing is made of

Every living thing is made of
CELLS
When an organism grows
do the cells get BIGGER or MULTIPLY?
Multiply
multiply
multiply
multiply
multiply
multiply
MITOSIS is for
Seed to Plant
growth and . . .
Sapling to Tree
Calf to Cow
Lamb to Ewe
Skinned knees
repair
Curling iron burn
broken leg
Cells that make up our body tissues and organs are called
SOMATIC
Mitosis is the division of
somatic cells
Mitosis makes new
IDENTICAL cells
The part of a cell controls the function of that particular
cell
nucleus
perform specialized tasks in the cell, but are located
outside of the nucleus – things like mitochondria,
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
organelles
What is the thick liquid that holds the specialized parts of
the cell in place
cytoplasm
What is the outer layer of the cell called that separates the
cell from other cells and lets nutrients in and waste out?
What is an example of a cell that does NOT undergo
mitosis once it is mature?
nerve cell
Why do some people’s hair and fingernails grow faster
than others?
MITOTIC
RATES VARY
FROM
PERSON TO
PERSON
an example of a cell that reproduces every 30 minutes
BACTERIA
E. coli
Adult
skin cells divide about every
A cell CYCLE begins with a stage called
INTERPHASE
During interphase stage the organelles produce energy and
protein
The
organelles
Duplicate
themselves
Also ________________is duplicated
Eukaryotic cells have a distinct
_____________________, unlike
the ____________________ cell
that has no membrane around its
nucleus.
What do the letters DNA stand for
DEOXIROBONUCLEIC
ACID
molecules join together to make up a complex strand
called a
chromosome
The number of chromosomes in each nucleus of each cell
are even because chromosomes exist in
PAIRS
Cells that have the FULL
number of chromosomes
are called
_________________
cells
If a cell has only HALF the number of chromosomes (not
pairs, but individual), the cell is called a
________________ cell
HAPLOID
Cells containing only HALF the
number of chromosomes for an
organism are produced for
organism
________________________
which is NOT mitosis, but
______________________
MEIOSIS
The shape of chromosomes in the
beginning of mitosis is
LONG
THIN
STRANDS
called
CHROMATIN
The duplicated chromosomes join together at a CENTRAL
point called a
centromere
The name of the chromosome is then changed to the term
chromatid
Mitosis terms to know
Original cell is referred to as the
PARENT CELL
Mitosis terms to know
The new cells are
DAUGHTER CELLS
Mitosis terms to know
Pairs of chromosomes from the
original cells are
SISTER CHROMATIDS
Recall from the CELL CYCLE that the
Interphase is the longest phase in the cell
CYCLE
The four phases to mitosis are
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE
In the PROPHASE chromatin goes
FROM
a tangled ball of strands to
INDIVIDUAL
condensed chromosomes.
Animal cells have
________________
CENTRIOLES that move to
opposite ends of the cell and form
distinct poles.
Plant cells do ________have centrioles.
NOT
The centrioles produce tiny
fibers that span across the
cell between the two poles –
this forms a
___________________. And
the nuclear membrane
begins to
METAPHASE
During METAPHASE the nuclear membrane finishes
__________________________
and
DISOLVING
the chromatids align at the
____________________________
CENTER
of the spindle. The spindle fibers attach to each
___________________________
CENTROMERE
ANAPHASE
The chromatids separate into
_________________ when the
CHROMOSOMES
spindle fibers pull them apart at
the CENTROMERE
ANAPHASE
Each identical set of
new chromosomes
move to
OPPOSITE
sides
of the cell called POLES.
TELOPHASE
The spindle fibers
__________________ during
The chromosomes elongate and become tangled in a ball
of
CHROMATIN
A nuclear envelope forms around the separate sets of
CHROMOSOMES
The rest of the cell now divides. The cytoplasm divides as
the cell membrane pinches inward cutting the cell in half.
This is called
CYTOKINESIS
And the cell cycle
begins again