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The Blues Characteristics and History The Blues Definition Blues is a vocal and instrumental form of music based on the use of the blue notes and a repetitive pattern that most often follows a twelve-bar structure. Musical characteristics Call and response shouts Use of blue notes or “flatted notes” or “bent notes” Lyrics talk about: – Love loss – Oppression – Cruelty of authorities – Harsh realities of life The beat/rhythm of the blues On the back beat of 2 and 4 Syncopated rhythms Examples The Blues Scale Scale Melodic structure The blues scale. How do you compose & play a blues scale? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aq LXxfqXZlw Blues Chord Progressions 12 bar blues Chords played over a twelve-bar scheme: 1, 4, 1, 5, 4, 1…..(5 ) 7 Origins Evolved from an unaccompanied vocal music and oral tradition from African Americans Evolved from spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts and chants as well as rhymed English and Scots-Irish narrative ballads. History The Blues were born in the North Mississippi Delta following the Civil War. Influenced by African roots, field hollers, ballads, church music and rhythmic dance tunes called jump-ups and Celtic/Irish folk lyrics and tunes. Pioneers of Blues Bessie Smith http://www.history-ofrock.com/blues.htm Pioneers Robert Johnson Pioneers John Lee Hooker B.B. King Muddy Waters Blues’ Influence Country, Rock and Roll and R & B The History of the Blues View the following clip of “The History of the Blues” www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRwXVNt0 i3k&feature=related Compare and Contrast Listen to the following blues music from the past and present. Compare the music. What do you hear that is similar? What do you hear that is different?