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Middle Ages 400-1400 Society 3 classes of people First class consisted of nobility: rich landowners, knights in shining armour Second class consisted of clergy, priests & monks Third class consisted of most of the people of this time period: poor farmers known as peasants Peasants lived an average age of 30 Two types of Music Sacred Music Secular Music Sacred Music Church was the centre of people lives Sacred music was called plainsong Language sung was Latin Words came from Roman Catholic Mass Monks wrote the music http://youtu.be/2HEKhr002Ts Sacred Music Music had 4 staves Notes were square called neumes Most well known plain song is Gregorian chant……in honour of Pope Gregory the first Secular Music People travelled from castle to castle singing songs called Minstrels Songs were about love, life and chivalry Faster than sacred songs, simple text and one melody Not typically Latin but the common language was used Minstrels Minstrels would tell jokes, sing songs and perform tricks Quite often play stringed or percussion instruments Formed guilds and worked at becoming respected members of the middle class Composers Guido D’Arezzo (Italian) is believed to have lived from 991/992-1033 He was the inventor of modern musical notation (staff notation) Created/invented the Guidonian hand: musical notes were mapped to the parts of the hand Other composers of this time period were: Guillaume de Machaut (French), John Dunstable (English), Leonin (French) End of an Era Over 1000 years, life became better, more civilized People started to focus on themselves Until now music had been homophony – music with only one melody at a time Music was starting to be called polyphony – music with 2 or more melodies happening at the same time. Medieval Music Characteristics in today’s Music Often accompanied by stringed or percussion instruments Songs were about love and life Secular music was faster than Sacred music, usually only having one melody.
