* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download solar system - s3.amazonaws.com
Survey
Document related concepts
Earth's rotation wikipedia , lookup
Exploration of Jupiter wikipedia , lookup
Heliosphere wikipedia , lookup
Sample-return mission wikipedia , lookup
Planet Nine wikipedia , lookup
Standard solar model wikipedia , lookup
Dwarf planet wikipedia , lookup
Naming of moons wikipedia , lookup
Space: 1889 wikipedia , lookup
Planets beyond Neptune wikipedia , lookup
History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses wikipedia , lookup
Late Heavy Bombardment wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Our Solar System. . . . . .Located in the Milky Way Galaxy It is just one of the billions of galaxies in our universe EQ: What are our planets? SOLAR SYSTEM • The Sun • Nine Planets • Satellites of the planets • Many Comets and asteroids 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) SUN • Light source for all bright obj. in our solar system. • 75% hydrogen and 25% helium by mass • Sun converts hydrogen to helium in its core during an energy producing process called nuclear fusion. • The sun’s core temperature is about 15,000,000 degrees Celsius. • Features on or just above the sun’s surface include sunspots, prominences, and solar flares. Sunspots are areas of gas that are cooler that surrounding gas. Prominences are reddish loops of gas that link different sun spots together. 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) Solar flares are an eruption of gases emerging from sunspots. Our Solar System What is a PLANET? • A planet is a large, round body that orbits a star and shines with light reflected from the star. • We know of nine planets that orbit the sun in our solar system. 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) What are the nine planets? HINT: My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto Norm Herr (sample file) What are Terrestrial Planets? These are rocky and closest to the sun •Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars MERCURY • The second smallest planet in the solar system and the one nearest to the sun. • Appears to travel fastest. Its orbit about the sun takes 88 days to complete, Mercury goes around the sun about four times while the earth is going around once. • Mercury has no moons, but lots of craters.. • Its lack of atmosphere causes extreme temperatures, freezing on one side and boiling on the other. Norm Herr (sample file) VENUS • Earth’s “Sister Planet” • Density and internal structure is very similar to Earth. • 2nd from Sun, 6th largest. • Hottest surface of any planet-average temp. 460 degrees Celsius. • Thick clouds with acid rain. • Venus is the brightest planet in the solar system and the one that comes closest to the earth. • Has no moons 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) EARTH • Age: At least 4 1/2 billion years • Mass: 6,600,000,000,000,000,000,000 tons • 3rd from the Sun • Moon is 1/6 mass of earth • period of rotation: 24 hours • period of orbit 365.25 days • Only planet with water at its surface. 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) MARS • • • • • Mars is the 4th Planet from the Sun Solid carbon dioxide is found at the poles Mars is known as the Red Planet Has largest mountain in our solar system Two known moons. 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) What is the Asteroid Belt? • Rocky objects that revolve around the sun in circular orbits between Mars and Jupiter. • This area is often called the asteroid belt. 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) What are the Gas Giants? Furthest group from sun, full of gas and huge! Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune JUPITER • It would take more than 1,000 Earths to fill up the volume of the giant planet. • Very Cold temperatures • Unlike the inner planets, Jupiter is not a solid body, but instead is a ball of gas and liquid (mostly hydrogen and helium). • When viewed from Earth, Jupiter appears brighter than most stars. It is usually the second brightest planet—after Venus. • Has 63+ known moons. • Has an ongoing storm, known as the “Giant Red Spot” 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) • Saturn: SATURN – Saturn is a gas giant. – It has strong surface winds (500 m/sec). – Saturn is less dense than water. If we could find a pool big enough, Saturn would float in the pool! – Known for its spectacular rings made from ice and rock. • Saturn’s Moons: 60 known moons – Titan is the big one, and is larger than planet 11/15/99 Mercury! Norm Herr (sample file) URANUS • Uranus has 27 moons. • One of the larger planets in the solar system and the seventh in distance from the sun, 4x the diameter of Earth. • Looks blue-green because methane gas in its atmosphere. • Surrounded by a group of thin, flat rings. • Only planet to rotate 90 degrees from verticle. 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) NEPTUNE • Similar in size and color to Uranus. • The blue coloration of Neptune is probably due to the presence of methane • Contains at least 13 moons. Note the apparent storms 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) What are the dwarf planets? • Pluto!!!!! • Smallest and furthest from the sun. PLUTO • Contains a solid surface, more like the inner planets than the outer planets. • Pluto is very small as planets go, only 0.002 Earth mass. • Pluto’s orbit is elliptical : it varies from 29 to 49 A.U. from the Sun, crossing inside of Neptune's orbit. • Pluto's orbit is inclined 17deg to the ecliptic, so it goes farther above and below the plane in which the other planets formed than any other planet. • 3 known moons. • No longer considered a planet, but a dwarf planet, like many others out near it. 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) 11/15/99 Norm Herr (sample file) What is an Astronomical Unit (A.U.)? • 1 Astronomical Unit is equal to the average distance between Earth and the sun ( 150 million kilometers). • A.U.’s are unit when describing the distance between planets within our solar system. 11/15/99 PLANET AVERAGE DISTANCE FROM THE SUN (A.U.) MERCURY 0.39 VENUS 0.72 EARTH 1.0 MARS 1.5 JUPITER 5.2 SATURN 9.6 URANUS 19.2 NEPTUNE Norm Herr (sample file) 30.0 PLUTO 39.2 Time to write your summary…