Download Barred Spiral Galaxy

What is a star?
A big ball of gas & nuclear fusion
• Nuclear fusion is the explosion
of energy when atoms combine.
** Intense gravity fuses Hydrogen
into Helium
Man made nuclear fusion
Star sizes
• The color of stars indicates the
temperature
of stars
- blue is hottest
- red is coolest
Binary star system is a star system
with two stars
A scatter scatter graph that shows the relationship
between star’s absolute magnitudes and
temperature of the stars.
*** Known as a H-R Diagram
The Sun
The Sun
• Is a middle size class G star.
Sun spots
• Areas of the sun where the gas is cooler.
Coronal Mass Ejections
• Large amounts of electrically charged
gas are ejected suddenly from the
Sun’s corona.
• Can cause disruption in satellite
transmissions or even shut down
all electro-magnetics.
Solar flares
•Explosion
of gas from
the Sun’s
surface
Solar prominences
•Loops of gas connecting sun spots.
Birth of stars
•Stars are born when the dust and gas of a
NEBULA are pulled together by gravity.
•The gas and dust are pressed
together until nuclear fusion occurs.
Proto star
• The earliest stage of a star.
(Baby star)
Nebula
•The birthplace of stars
•Stellar cloud of gas
and dust.
Birth of stars
Star death
•A star dies when it runs out of fuel
How long a star lives depends on
the amount of mass it has.
• Big stars
burn fuel
faster
Stars distance
is measured
In light years.
• A light year is the distance
light travels in one year.
How can we measure
star distances?
Parallax
•The apparent
movement of stars
•Based on the change in Earth’s position
• Uses the principle of triangulation.
Apparent magnitude
• How bright a star appears to be
Absolute magnitude
• How bright a star actually is.
Fate of Stare
•Small and middle size stars expand
out into red giants and then shrink
into a White dwarf
•A white dwarf is a very small and
cool, formed when middle size
stars die
Giants and super giants can
blow up into a supernova
•An exploding star
The remains of a supernova can
become either a neutron star or
a black hole
Neutron star
• Dense remains of a super nova
that is smaller than a white dwarf
Black hole
•A dense area of space where gravity
is so strong that everything is
sucked into it.
Our suns will expand out into
a red giant and then collapse
into a white dwarf.
Constellations
The arrangement of stars in patterns
Galaxies
•A massive cluster of stars
Types of Galaxies
Spiral
Shaped like a spinning pinwheel
Chart designation:
"S" to stand for
spiral galaxies
Barred Spiral Galaxy
A spiral with a solid bar across the
center.
Chart designation:
"SB" to stand for
barred spirals.
elliptical
Shaped like an oval disk
Chart designation:
"E" to stand for elliptical galaxies.
Irregular
No definite shape
Galaxies that can't be classified as either spiral or
elliptical are called irregular galaxies.
•Our galaxy is the Milky Way
•The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy
History of the universe
The universe is said to have begun
with the
Big bang
Big Bang Theory
• All matter blow out from a
beginning point
The universe is continuing
to expand
It is thought that the universe will
collapse into nothingness