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Today’s Agenda… Get clickers! Solar System Quiz Notes on Objects in Space Moon quiz retake tomorrow Homework: Study Guide (Due on Thursday) Test/Study Packs on Friday Objects in Space Study Pack #11 Page 454 - 459 Today’s Goals… I can describe objects in our solar system. Comets Made up of rock and ice Travels around the sun May come from the Oort Cloud (beyond Pluto) The tail is created when: Heat from the sun turns ice into gas Solar winds blow the gases and dust away form the comet Comets Haley’s Comet Hale Bopp - 1997 Meteorites Any fragments from space that land on Earth Page 455 Figure 18 Important clues from space Made of metal and rock Hundreds fall to Earth each year! When is the next shower? Stars and Constellations Constellations are groups of stars that form patterns Ursa major – “big dipper” Ursa minor – “little dipper” Page 456 Figure 19 Named after animals, objects, people Different groups of people may have different names Starry Colors The color of a star can tell the temperature Red – coolest Yellow – medium Blue-white – hottest Stars are also different sizes The sun is a medium sized yellow star Betelgeuse Apparent Magnitude Classifies how bright a star appears from Earth The smaller the number, the brighter the star Some stars may actually be brighter than the sun, but the sun is closer to Earth so it appears brighter The Lives of Stars Clouds of gas and dust move closer together Temperatures begin to rise Atoms come together and change from matter to energy This process is called fusion The Lives of Stars Stars continue to change after they form Giant stars – large, cool, red White dwarf star – hot, small star Black dwarf – cool, stops shining The more massive a star is the shorter their life cycles Small stars shine longer The Lives of Stars Stars can also be supergiants When supergiants explode they become supernovas Page 459 Figure 22 The core of the supergiant collapses to form a black hole Black holes have so much gravity, not even light can escape! What did you learn? Comets are made up of ice and dust. Meteorites are any objects that fall to Earth. The sun is the largest kind of star. All stars become supernovas.