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Download Impressionism 1860-1886 - Appleton Area School District
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Impressionism 1860-1886 Impressionism • Rejected Renaissance perspective, balance, idealization • Present an “impression” or “perception” • Painted nature outdoors • Hated academic instruction • Critics hated this work • Distinct short, choppy brushstrokes – Up-close, picture is unrecognizable Edouard Manet • • • • Called the Father of Modern Art Didn’t consider himself an impressionist Copied Renaissance and Baroque masters Luncheon on the Grass – – – – Disliked because nude was not “ideal” Triangular Goddess like figure in background Still life in foreground Olympia Claude Monet • • • • Light=color Lived in poverty Obsessed with painting outside Painted small dabs of color – Used complimentary colors to shade – Never shaded in black Rouen Cathedral, the West Portal and Saint-Romain Tower, Full Sunlight, Harmony in Blue and Gold The Artist's Garden at Vetheuil The Thames at Westminster Pierre-Auguste Renoir • • • • • Never used black Cut people off at edges of canvas Strayed from Impressionism towards classicism Arthritis: painted with brush strapped to wrist Painted happy things – Beautiful women, flowers, children, landscapes Le Moulin de la Galette Seated Bather Monet painting in his garden at Argenteuil Edgar Degas • Reluctant impressionist • Hated painting outdoors • Subjects: ballerinas, racetracks, circuses, cafes, nudes bathing • Spontaneous/not posed • Main character off center • Went blind and turned to sculpture The Rehearsal Prima Ballerina Woman Combing Her Hair The Little 14-Year-Old Dancer Expressionism 1880-1905 • • • • • Used a lot of Impressionist ideal “Rainbow bright color patches” Distorted forms in a controlled space No use of traditional perspective Disliked Impressionism – Wanted art to be more substantial – Not dedicated to a passing moment Georges Seurat • • • • Meticulous man Finished only 7 large paintings Died at age 31 Method know as pointillism – Confetti-sized dots of pure, unmixed color – Supposed to fuse together like a mosaic La Cirque A Sunday on La Grande Jatte Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec • Subjects from contemporary life (theaters, dance halls, circuses) • ‘Landscape is only a background’ • Childhood accident left him deformed • Lived in a brothel for a while • Created lithography • Posters became accepted as art Lithograph Moulin Rouge Rue de Moulin, The Medical Inspection Paul Cezanne • • • • • Started out with the Impressionists They did not accept him and critics hated him Used geometry in paintings Very symmetrical “The culmination of art is figure painting” – Would not work from models – Combines real and abstract Apples, Peaches, Pears and Grapes Large Bathers Vincent van Gogh • • • • • • • • Adopted the brushstroke of the Impressionist Hero/friend was painter Paul Gauguin Mentally imbalanced Sold one painting during his life Unlucky in love Cut off ear lobe and gave it to a prostitute Painted “Starry Night” in an asylum Committed suicide “Who would believe that life could be so sad?” Portrait of Dr. Gachet In 1990, sold for $82.5 million. Wheat Field Under Threatening Skies This was his final piece. Van Gogh Painting Sunflowers Paul Gauguin Would van Gogh be as famous as he is had he not committed suicide? Did his troubled life help him create artistic masterpieces?
