Download Bill Dunson’s Exhibits - Florida Gulf Coast University

Design of Water Quality Monitoring
Dragline in operation along FL 62 nr Ft Green Springs
Horse Creek Stewardship Program
Water Quality Monitoring Parameters and Trigger Levels
Parameter
pH
Dissolved Oxygen
Turbidity
Color
Total Nitrogen
Total Ammonia
Orthophosphate
Chlorophyll-A
Specific Conductance
Total Alkalinity
Dissolved Calcium
Dissolved Iron
Chloride
Fluoride
Radium 226 + 228
Sulfate
Total Dissolved Solids
Petroleum Range Organics
Fatty Amido-amines
Total Fatty Acids
Reporting Units
Trigger Level
Std Units
mg/l
NTU
PCU
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/m^3
uS/cm
mg/l Ca CO3
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
pCi/L
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
mg/l
< 6.0 or > 8.5
< 5.0
> 29
< 25
> 3.0
> 0.3
> 2.5
> 15
> 1,275
> 100
> 100
> 0.3, > 1.0
> 250
> 1.5, > 4.0
> 5.0
> 250
> 500
> 5.0
> 0.2
> 0.5
Dunson's suggested
changes
Total P > 0.75
Total Kjehdahl Nitrogen and Nitrate/Nitrite are performed as part of the Total Nitrogen analysis.
>250
>20
Sodium >11
>0.5
>20
>250
How do you find trends in water
quality, without historic data?
Assessment of Effects of Differing Watershed Land
Uses on Water Quality based on Comparisons of
Six Stream/River Systems:
1. St. Mary’s River- Control
2. Myakka River-Large Agricultural Impact
3. Horse Creek – Limited Impacts of Agriculture &
Mining
4. Payne Creek- Large Phosphate Mining Impact
5. Peace River at Arcadia- Combined Agricultural
& Mining Impacts
6. S. Prong Alafia River- 60-70% Mined Basin
St Mary’s River- control
No Trends in Water Quality over Time
Myakka RiverAgricultural Pollution:
Increasing sp. cond. & [K]
Specific Conductance- Myakka River
Potassium- Myakka River
95th
75th
50th
25th
5th
Six Site Comparison of Mean Data
for Seven Water Quality
Parameters- Mined Watersheds
Elevated in:
1. Specific Conductance
6. [F]
2. [Na]
7. [TP]
3. [Ca]
4. [Mg]
5. [SO4]
Specific Conductance
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Sulfate
Fluoride
Total Phosphorus
Will such changes in
water quality affect the
fauna?
Bishop Harbor Algal Bloom in
Response to Piney Pt. Effluent
Effluent Treatment & Discharge
Water Quality in Reclaimed
Wetland Streams
1. Hall’s Branch
2. Jamerson Jr.
3. Lizard Branch
4. Dogleg
5. Pickle
6. Tadpole
The Normal Progression by Levels of
Approximation in Field Toxicity
Testing:
1. TIER 1- Is there toxicity by
standard lab. bioassays?
2. TIER 2- Is there toxicity for
native species in situ? Are species
“missing” that should be present?
3. TIER 3- What is the toxicity due
to?
4. TIER 4- What is the source of the
toxin(s)?
Chronic Toxicity in Reclaimed Wetlands
(Charlotte Cty. Data: 10/25/03; 3/2/04)
Sp. Cond.
Crustacean
FETAX
Repr.
Malfor. Growth
Site
pH
Jam.
6.9
106,148
+
+
Lizard
7.6
290,296
+
+
Pickle
6.8
395,486
Halls
6.8
340,483
+
Dog
7.5
309,328
+
Tadpole 7.2
220,403
+
+
+
WATER CHEMISTRY OF RECLAIMED STREAMS USED FOR BIOASSAYS
BY CHARLOTTE COUNTY, Oct. 2003; March 2004
Parameter
Dog
Hall’s
Jamerson
Lizard
pH
7.8
6.7
6.5
8.1
6.7
6.9
7.1
6.9
7.1
7.1
6.9
7.5
Sp Cond, uS/cm 328
483
148
290
486
403
309
340
106
296
395
220
6.8
1.5
7.0
12.6
0.8
2.8
8.6
2.1
8.0
7.1
1.2
2.1
325
117,000
583
547
4230
11,300
212
4025
195
352
786
1100
41
1880
136
71
127
166
22
392
21
30
72
20
Aluminum, ug/l 160
226
391
445
107
669
132
35
101
45
<5
95
Oxygen, mg/l
Iron, ug/l
Manganese,ug/l
Pickle
Tadpol e
Acute (A) and Chronic (C) Toxicity in Horse Creek
Tributaries (IMC- Marinco data;1/21/04)
Site
pH
Sp. Cond.
Ceriodaph. Shiner Fathead
8W
4.4
74
1W
5.1
122
C
C
2E
5.6
88
C
C
6W
5.9
97
C
C
Piez.
7.8
266
A,C
A
C
HCSP Needs Changes
• Water quality
- re-set trigger levels; add sampling sites
above and below points of discharge and
increase number of samples
• Bio-monitoring
- use full 3 tier system of bioassays on
field observations, lab tests and in-situ
enclosures
HCSP Needs Changes
• The Bottom Line
- Design rigorous plan for bio-monitoring
prior to agreement
- Convene outside panel free from conflicts
of interest to design plan and oversee
implementation
A Physical Analogy for the Cumulative
Adverse Ecological Impacts of Mining