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Tobacco Study Guide Lesson One: What is Tobacco-p. 230 1. A single puff of t. smoke contains 4,000 chemicals; many cause cancer and are known as carcinogens. 2. Nicotine is an addictive drug found in tobacco. It raises your heart rate and blood pressure. It is more addictive than cocaine or heroin. Your senses of smell/taste go down. Drug classification=stimulant. 3. Tar is a dark liquid that forms when tobacco burns. It coats the lung lining and causes cancer. 4. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas produced when tobacco burns. It reduces the amount of oxygen available to organs. 5. Cyanide is a poison used in pest control products. 6. Formaldehyde is used as a preservative (for corpses and lab animals) and can cause nasal cancer. 7. Methyl ethyl ketone is used in solvents; harms the nervous system. 8. Polonium 210 causes cancer. Found in rat poison and is an insecticide=arsenic. Used in nail polish remover=acetone. Common household cleaner that is poisonous=ammonia. 9. 3 smoking forms are: cigarettes cigars pipes. Cigar smoke contains 90% more cancer causing chemicals than cigarette smoke. Cigar and pipe smokers are more likely to develop these cancers: Mouth tongue lip 10.Smokeless tobacco has 2 forms: chewing snuff. 2 nicknames are Dip and spit tobacco. The tobacco can come in many different ways: finely ground, coarsely shredded, or in flavored packets. It contains the same chemicals as cigarettes. It can cause a white, leathery patch to form in the mouth known as a leukoplakia. Nicotine combines with other chemicals in tobacco to form this cancer causing substance: nitrosamine. It can also cause these cancers: mouth head neck lip tongue jaw Tobacco Affects Body Systems: p. 234-5 11.Respiratory System: tobacco smoke causes hair in the respiratory passages that act as a filter to stop working. This hair is known as cilia. A smoler will develop a cough to get rid of what the hairs would normally filter out. This cough is known as bronchitis. Smoke will damage the air sacs or alveoli in the lungs. This causes severe shortness of breath and can lead to the disease emphysema and lung cancer. Chronic cough may occur=chronic bronchitis. 12.Digestive System: smoking can lead to open sores or ulcers in the mouth or stomach. It also causes teeth cavities and gum disease in the mouth. 13.Nervous System: Nicotine attaches to brain cells and causes the user to crave tobacco. 14.Circulatory System: smoking constricts and hardens blood vessels. This can lead to high blood pressure, a heart attack and a brain stroke. 15.Excretory System: smoking leads to bladder and colorectal cancers. Why Teens Use Tobacco: p. 242 16. It is illegal to purchase tobacco under age 19. 17.Give reasons why teens use tobacco: look grown look cool to lose weight Peer pressure media curiosity be like a celebrity to rebel Environment Children of smokers=usually have more respiratory illnesses (colds, coughs, etc.) Addiction Terms: p. 244 18. Addiction: mental/physical need for a drug. Nicotine causes this. 19.Withdrawal: symptoms occur when you stop using an addictive drug. 20.Psychological dependence-mental need for a drug. 21.Physical dependence-the body needs a drug. 22.Tolerance: body’s need for larger amounts of a drug. Quitting: p. 245 23. Methods for quitting are: Nicotine replacement (patch, gum, pills, inhaler)/support groups 24.Advertising companies target teens. 25.Target audience=group of people a product is intended for. 26.Media literate= ability to understand advertising goals. 27.Product placement: company pays to show products being used by celebs. Effects on Nonsmokers: it is illegal to advertise tobacco on TV, radio, or near schools. It has been banned on these media outlets since 1970. 28.Secondhand smoke: air around someone is contaminated by smoke. 29.Passive smokers: nonsmokers who breathe in tobacco smoke. 30.Mainstream smoke: smoke inhaled and exhaled by smoker. 31.Sidestream smoke: smoke from burning end of a cigarette or cigar. 32.Children of smokers risk (4): allergies, asthma, ear infections, heart problems 33.Women who smoke during pregnancy risk (4): miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight of baby, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome 34.Most public areas outlaw smoking. Tobacco products have been required to carry warning since the year 1965. Smokeless tobacco products have been required to carry warnings since the year 1986. New Jersey banned smoking in bars and restaurants in the year 2006 (exception: casinos) Benefits of Being Smoke Free: p. 252-3 35. Give 5 reasons to be tobacco free: Health better skin allergies fresh breath better sport performances clean hair/clothes save money less 36.Some helpful hints to help someone quit the tobacco habit are: List your reasons Set small goals Choose tobacco free places to spend time Be active Change bad habits Keep trying/do not give up 37.Cold turkey=quitting all at once.