Download 7 th Grade Health Unit 1 Study Guide Chapter 10: Tobacco

7th Grade Health Unit 1 Study Guide
Chapter 10: Tobacco (pg274-291)
Definitions:
Nicotine – addictive drug found in tobacco.
Tar – thick, dark liquid that forms when tobacco burns.
Carbon Monoxide - a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas produced when tobacco burns.
Respiratory System – set of organs that supplies your body with oxygen and rids your body of carbon
dioxide.
Addiction – psychological or physical need for a drug or other substance.
Withdrawal – the unpleasant symptoms that someone experiences when he or she stops using an
addictive substance.
Psychological Dependence – an addiction in which a person believes that he or she needs a drug in
order to feel good or function normally.
Physical Dependence – an addiction in which the body develops a chemical need for a drug.
Tolerance – the body’s need for larger and larger doses of a drug t produce the same effect.
Secondhand smoke – air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke.
Mainstream Smoke – the smoke that a smoker inhales and then exhales.
Sidestream Smoke – smoke that comes from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar.
Passive Smokers – nonsmokers who breath secondhand smoke.
Questions:
1. Name four substances in tobacco smoke that are harmful to the body.
Any of these four will work: nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, cyanide, methanol
2. What are three forms of tobacco?
Any of these three: cigarettes, cigars, pipes, smokeless tobacco
3.Name 3 body systems that smoking and chewing tobacco can harm.
Any of these: respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system, excretory system, circulatory system
4. What two gases are exchanged in your lungs when you breathe?
Oxygen comes in and carbon dioxide goes out
5. Name three ways to care for the respiratory system.
Participate in physical activity on a regular basis, don’t smoke, and take care of your body when you
have a respiratory illness
6. List three problems of the respiratory system.
Cold/flu, pneumonia, asthma, tuberculosis, emphysema, lung cancer
7. What is the difference between psychological dependence and physical dependence?
Psychological dependence is an addiction in which a person believes that they need a drug in order to
feel good or function normally. A physical dependence is an addiction in which the body develops a
chemical need for a drug.
8. Why will a tobacco user crave greater amounts of tobacco?
He/she has a higher tolerance which requires more amounts of nicotine in order to feel its effects
9. List three factors that influence a teen’s decision to use tobacco.
Peer pressure, family uses tobacco, seem more grown up, look cool, copy a celebrity, addicted
10. What does quitting “cold turkey” mean?
A person stops all use of tobacco products
11. What is the difference between mainstream smoke and sidestream smoke?
Mainstream smoke is the smoke that smokers inhale and exhales. Sidestream smoke is the smoke
coming from the burning tip of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar.
Chapter 11 – Drugs and Alcohol (pg. 300-317)
Definitions
Drug – a substance other than food that changes the structure or function of the body or mind.
Medicine –a drug that prevents or cures illness or eases its symptoms.
Prescription Medicine – a medicine that can be used safely only with doctor’s written permission.
Over-the-counter medicine – medicines that you can buy without a doctor’s permission.
Side effects – reactions to medicines other than the ones intended.
Alcohol – a drug created by a chemical reaction in some foods, especially fruits and grains.
Intoxicated – a word that means drunk
Alcoholism – an illness characterized by a physical and psychological need for alcohol.
Illegal drugs – substances that are against the law for people of any age to manufacture, posses, buy, or
sell.
Drug abuse – the use of a drug for nonmedical purposes.
Stimulants – drugs that speed up the body’s functions.
Amphetamines – strong stimulant drugs that speed up the nervous system.
Depressants – drugs that slow down the body’s functions and reactions, including heart and breathing
rates.
Neurons – cells that make up the nervous system.
Central Nervous system – the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system – made up of the nerves that connect the central nervous system to all parts
of the body.
Spinal Cord – a long bundle of neurons that relays messages to and from the brain and all parts of the
body.
Questions
1. What are four ways that medicines can help the body?
Prevent diseases, fight germs, relieve pain, treat other conditions
2. How do prescription medicines differ from over the counter medicines?
Prescription medicines can be obtained only with a doctor’s written permission. Over the counter
medicines can be obtained without a doctor’s prescription.
3. Give two examples of beverages that contain alcohol.
Beer, wine, whiskey
4. Name three long term effects of alcohol on the body.
Brain cell destruction, nervous system disorders, memory loss, high blood pressure, stroke, cirrhosis,
liver cancer, irregular heartbeat, damaged heart muscle, ulcers, stomach cancer, and kidney failure
5. Why is it dangerous for people to drive when they are intoxicated?
Impairs coordination, slows reaction time, impairs judgment
6. What are three signs of alcoholism?
Drunk often, drinks alone, stops participating in activities, acts like a different person when drinking,
makes excuses for drinking, promises to quit but does not, experiences blackouts
7. How do stimulants differ from depressants?
Stimulants speed up the body’s functions but depressants slow them down.
8. Describe the effects of hallucinogens.
They are drugs that distort moods, thoughts, and senses.
9. What is an example of a hallucinogen?
PCP or LSD
10. What is the difference between the CNS and the PNS?
CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. The PNS consists of the nerves that connect the CNS to all
parts of the body.
11. What are the three main parts of the brain?
Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Brain stem
12. What are five safety measures you can take to protect your nervous system?
Protect yourself from disease, wear a helmet, play it safe, lift properly, observe safety rules, avoid
alcohol and other drugs.