Download H.BS.Digestive System Ppt

Digestive System
What are the parts of this system?
What is the job of each part??
How does it interact with other systems?
How can I best care for it?
Parts of the Digestive system
Teeth
Salivary Glands
Esophagus
Stomach
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Small Intestine
Large Intestine (Colon)
Rectum
Anus
Function: Digestion
Breakdown of food
into basic building blocks (nutrients)
Mechanical: chewing & churning
Chemical: digestive juices
Mouth (carbohydrates)
Stomach (proteins)
Small Intestine (fats)
Mouth
• Teeth:
• Mechanical breakdown of foods
• Salivary Glands:
• Chemical breakdown of
carbohydrates
(starches & sugars)
Stomach
Gastric Juices breakdown proteins:
1. Hydrochloric acid
2. Pepsin (enzyme that digests protein)
Smooth Muscles in walls churn food to make
Chyme: Creamy mixture of
food and gastric juices
Liver
• Bile: Greenish fluid breaks down Fats
1. made in Liver
2. stored in Gallbladder
• Also changes toxins (poisons) into harmless substances.
• Examples of Body’s Toxins
1. Poisonous Foods, Plants, Animals
2. Alcohol & Drugs (including medicines (ibuprofen…)
Pancreas
Produces:
1. Insulin - metabolizes sugars in the blood
2. Digestive Enzymes - for fats and proteins
Small Intestine
21-23 feet long…and…1 inch in diameter
• Villi: finger-like projections in
the walls of the small intestine
lined with capillaries
(smallest vessels in the circulatory system).
1. Major digestion of fats
2. All undigested food is broken down
3. Most nutrients absorbed
Nutrients
Proteins – build & repair tissues
Carbohydrates - energy
Fats - energy
Vitamins – support metabolism
Minerals – building blocks of cells
Digestive Processes
• Mechanical Breakdown: chewing & muscles
• Chemical Breakdown: enzymes & ‘juices’
• Peristalsis: Involuntary muscle contractions
that mix and move food through
the digestive tract
Large Intestine
5-6 feet long…and
…2-3 inches in diameter
• Last Chance!!
Final nutrients pass into the blood stream
1. Water
2. Vitamins
3. Mineral Salts
Absorption & Elimination
Absorption: Nutrients pass into blood stream
Provide
1. Energy to power muscles
2. Substances to repair tissues
Elimination: Undigested food leaves body
Cellulose from vegetables & fruits
Diseases
•
•
•
•
Ulcers – sores
Diabetes I & II – blood sugar, pancreas
Hyperglycemia & Hypoglycemia
Itis = ‘inflammation of’
Appendicitis – appendix
Pancreatitis – pancreas
Ulcerative Colitis/ Chron’s Disease
• Gallstones – mineral rocks in the Gall Bladder
• Eating Disorders
Obesity, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia
Ulcers
Best Care
• Diet with all Nutrients
1. Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats
2. Vitamins & Minerals
3. Fiber – fruits & vegetables
• Rest and Digest
Low stress at mealtimes
• Exercise
1. Improves blood circulation
2. Decreases stress
3. Massages organs