Download Food Groups - TeacherWeb

Digestive System
The Digestive System is made
up of ___________
that are
organs
responsible for the _______________
mechanical
chemical
and __________________
breakdown
of food. This process results in
________________
which can be
molecules
_______________
and
absorbed
_____________________
transported
to the cells.
energy
A. The digestive system processes food to supply the body with ______________
and building _____________________.
The process for this is _____________,
materials
ingestion
digestion
absorption
elimination
__________________,
__________________,
and _____________________.
B. The organs through which food passes are:
mechanical
1. Mouth where _______________________
breakdown of food starts with
teeth
Chemical
the grinding and cutting action of ________________.
________________
breakdown starts with the _________________
which contains the enzyme
saliva
starch
____________________
which breaks down ________________
into
amylase
tongue
sugar
________________.
The ___________________
mixes the food and
________________
together.
saliva
2. Esophagus – a tube
connecting the
______________
to the
mouth
__________________.
stomach
The food is moved through
this by a squeezing
action called
peristalsis
_______________________.
mechanical
chemical
3. Stomach – a muscular bag where both ________________
and ______________
digestion takes place. Food is mixed mechanically by the muscular walls of the
hydrochloric ________
acid
stomach and food is broken down chemically by _____________
and
enzymes
__________________
made by the cells in the ___________
of the stomach. The
walls
stomach is lined with _____________
which protects it from the strong
mucus
digestive
juices
chyme
______________
____________.
After 4 hours, the food mixture called __________
leaves the stomach.
chyme
4. Small Intestine – a 7 meter long tube where ____________
mixes with digestive
liver
pancreas
juices from the _____________
and _________________.
The molecules resulting
small
intestine
from the breakdown are absorbed into the __________
____________
through
villi
____________
in the walls of the small intestine. Chyme is moved through the
intestine by
peristalsis
___________________.
This takes 4-10 hours.
a. Other organs aiding in digestion:
bile
green
1. Liver – makes ____________
(____________)
which is stored in the ___________
___________
gall
bladder
fat
until needed. This breaks up _______
into smaller molecules.
insulin
2. Pancreas – makes ______________
and
substances that stop the action of the stomach
acid
enzymes
________.
Also produces _______________
carbohydrates
that break down _______________________,
fats
___________,
and ________________.
protein
5. Large intestine – the main job is to _____________
absorb
_____________
water
from
undigestable food which is recycled back into the body. The remaining substances
bacteria
(______________
and _______________)
become more solid. Muscles in the
cellulose
rectum
anus
_______________
and ___________
control the release of these wastes called
feces
_______________.
Nutrition – There are ___
6 main nutrients (molecules from food necessary to supply
energy
building
materials
Metabolism
___________
and ______________
_______________
for organisms). _______________
chemical
reactions
is the sum of all the _________________
_______________
that take place in the body,
hormones
exercise
diet
and is influenced by _________________,
_________________,
and ____________.
1. Carbohydrates – the main source of ________________
for your body, which is
energy
respiration
released from carbohydrates during the process of ___________________.
starch
sugar
cellulose
Ex: _______________,
______________,
and _____________________
growth
enzymes
2. Proteins – used in the body for ________________,
as _________________,
replacement
and in ______________
and ____________________
of body cells. They are
repair
made up of chains of ____________
____________.
Your body can make ____
amino
acids
14
essential
amino
acids
of these, but the other 8, called _________________
___________
__________,
food
must be supplied by _______________.
energy
3. Fats – provide ______________
(even more than carbohydrates per gram), and
storage of some __________________
(___,
vitamins
A ___,
D ___,
E and ___).
K Fats can be
________________
or _________________.
Fats cushion internal ____________.
saturated
unsaturated
organs
4. Vitamins – organic coenzymes needed in small quantities to help your body use
other nutrients. Eating a wide variety of foods usually supplies all the vitamins
fat
water
needed by the body. Vitamins can be either _______soluble or __________
soluble.
5. Minerals – inorganic (____-____________)
non carbon
nutrients that regulate many chemical
reactions in the body.
6. Water – next to oxygen, this is the most important nutrient for survival. Other nutrients
dissolved
Wastes
are carried through the body __________________
in water. _____________
are
removed from the body while _________________
in water. The body is ___________%
dissolved
60-75
cells
plasma
water, which is found in and around ___________
and in ______________
and in
lymph
feces
skin (sweat)
exhalation
______________.
It is also lost through _________,
_______________,
_____________,
and the _______________
________________
(_________).
excretory
system
urine
Food Groups
4 daily servings.
1. Vegetable - Fruit Groups - ____
Examples:
2 daily servings
2. Meat Group - ____
Examples:
4 daily servings
3. Grain Group - ____
Examples:
4 daily servings
4. Dairy (Milk) Group - ____
Examples:
Digestive System
The Digestive System is made
up of ___________ that are
responsible for the _______________
and __________________ breakdown
of food. This process results in
________________ which can be
_______________ and
_____________________
to the cells.
A. The digestive system processes food to supply the body with ______________
and building _____________________. The process for this is _____________,
__________________, __________________, and _____________________.
B. The organs through which food passes are:
1. Mouth where _______________________ breakdown of food starts with
the grinding and cutting action of ________________. ________________
breakdown starts with the _________________ which contains the enzyme
____________________ which breaks down ________________ into
________________. The ___________________ mixes the food and
________________ together.
2. Esophagus – a tube
connecting the
______________ to the
__________________.
The food is moved through
this by a squeezing
action called
_______________________.
3. Stomach – a muscular bag where both ________________ and ______________
digestion takes place. Food is mixed mechanically by the muscular walls of the
stomach and food is broken down chemically by _____________ ________ and
__________________ made by the cells in the ___________ of the stomach. The
stomach is lined with _____________ which protects it from the strong
______________ ____________. After 4 hours, the food mixture called __________
leaves the stomach.
4. Small Intestine – a 7 meter long tube where ____________ mixes with digestive
juices from the _____________ and _________________. The molecules resulting
from the breakdown are absorbed into the __________ ____________ through
____________ in the walls of the small intestine. Chyme is moved through the
intestine by
___________________.
This takes 4-10 hours.
a. Other organs aiding in digestion:
1. Liver – makes ____________ (____________)
which is stored in the ___________ ___________
until needed. This breaks up _______
into smaller molecules.
2. Pancreas – makes ______________ and
substances that stop the action of the stomach
________. Also produces _______________
that break down _______________________,
___________, and ________________.
5. Large intestine – the main job is to _____________ _____________ from
undigestable food which is recycled back into the body. The remaining substances
(______________ and _______________) become more solid. Muscles in the
_______________ and ___________ control the release of these wastes called
_______________.
Nutrition – There are ___ main nutrients (molecules from food necessary to supply
___________ and ______________ _______________ for organisms). _______________
is the sum of all the _________________ _______________ that take place in the body,
and is influenced by _________________, _________________, and ____________.
1. Carbohydrates – the main source of ________________ for your body, which is
released from carbohydrates during the process of ___________________.
Ex: _______________, ______________, and _____________________
2. Proteins – used in the body for ________________, as _________________,
and in ______________ and ____________________ of body cells. They are
made up of chains of ____________ ____________. Your body can make ____
of these, but the other 8, called _________________ ___________ __________,
must be supplied by _______________.
3. Fats – provide ______________ (even more than carbohydrates per gram), and
storage of some __________________ (___, ___, ___, and ___). Fats can be
________________ or _________________. Fats cushion internal ____________.
4. Vitamins – organic coenzymes needed in small quantities to help your body use
other nutrients. Eating a wide variety of foods usually supplies all the vitamins
needed by the body. Vitamins can be either _______- soluble or __________ soluble.
5. Minerals – inorganic (____-____________) nutrients that regulate many chemical
reactions in the body.
6. Water – next to oxygen, this is the most important nutrient for survival. Other nutrients
are carried through the body __________________ in water. _____________ are
removed from the body while _________________ in water. The body is ___________%
water, which is found in and around ___________ and in ______________ and in
______________. It is also lost through _____________, __________, _____________,
and the _______________ ________________ (_________).
Food Groups
1. Vegetable - Fruit Groups - ____ daily servings.
Examples:
2. Meat Group - ____ daily servings
Examples:
3. Grain Group - ____ daily servings
Examples:
4. Dairy (Milk) Group - ____ daily servings
Examples: