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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT IT? How long is it? What is the purpose of the D.S.? How long does it take to digest your food? Mouth Is Mechanical digestion • Teeth – Cuts or Grinds the food • Helps you to swallow • Saliva - water, breaks down the food through • ENZYMES – break down starches into glucose tongue 1. Balls food to the back of the mouth 2. Helps you swallow 3. taste pharynx Opening to the throat Esophagus 12 inches long Muscles push food down.. Like a Snake EPIGLOTTIS = flap that blocks food and water from going into the lungs. Stomach Is Chemical Digestion Lined in MUCUS (Protects From ACID) Growling is Empty – Stomach Muscles are Contracting GASTRIC JUICES – 1. HYDROCHLORIC ACID: Protects you from bacteria 2. ENZYMES: Break down proteins and carbs into something …called BREAKS THE FOOD INTO CHYME – CHYME GOES TO THE SMALL INTESTINE MAIN FUNCTION OF THE STOMACH… BREAK THE FOOD DOWN…LIKE A FOOD PROCESSOR SMALL INTESTINE 18 – 23 FEET LONG 1 inch in diameter Function: 1 Chemical Digestion 2 Absorption of Nutrients are completed Villi = Tiny fingers contains tiny blood vessels(capillaries) absorb nutrients into the blood stream Large intestine 5 feet long 2.5 inches in diameter Fiber and other materials that are not broken down go here and absorbed Water absorbed into intestinal wall Chyme becomes FECES Rectum anus Final phase of the digestive system. Feces comes from the rectum and out the Anus! Kidneys The filter system of the body. 2 of them and they are found in your back. Kidneys filter waste out of the blood and most liquid is re-absorbed into the blood stream. 1% is not useful and goes to the bladder as urine. LIVER 2 functions 1. It is warehouse where the blood takes all the nutrients. 2. Also a FILTER like the kidneys… Weights 3 ½ pounds Produces BILE = breaks down fat (remember fat does not dissolve in blood or water) BILE Made in LIVER Then it is sent to the GallBladder. Next it goes to the small Intestine and breaks down fat. Finally, the BILE takes FAT to the walls of the Sm. Int. and absorbed into the blood stream. Tips to take care of D.S. 1. Chew slowly 2. Brush and Floss 3. Exercise 4. Nutritious food…fiber foods