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The digestive system
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Lesson 1
• OB6 Identify and locate the major parts of
the digestive system including: the mouth,
oesophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas,
small intestine, and know their functions
Lesson 2
• OB7 Identify molars, premolars, canines
and incisors, and describe their functions
Lesson 3
• OB8 Investigate the action of amylase on
starch; identify: the substrate, product and
enzyme
Lesson 1
What happens during digestion? The
organs involved in the process
What happens in digestion?
The Cell
5 Stages of Digestion
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Assimilation
Egestion
•
http://www.learning-isfun.co.uk/biology/nutrition.html
In
Down
Around
And
Eject
• Ingestion: Food taken into mouth
• Digestion: Food broken down by teeth and
digestive enzymes
• Absorption: into bloodstream
• Egestion: Undigested
material egested through anus
An Overview
Large
Molecule
Enzymes
A
B
S
O
R
P
T
I
O
N
Importance of digestion
• Digestion: Break down of large food
molecules into small molecules
• Types of digestion:
– Physical
– Chemical
The Mouth
• Function: Chew food to break down
into smaller molecules
– Teeth
Teeth
Canines
• Four types of
teeth:
Incisors
1. Incisors
2. Canines
3. Pre – Molars
4. Molars
Premolar
Molar
Biting
and
Cutting
Grasping
and
Tearing
Incisor
Canine
Grinding
and
Crushing
Pre - Molar
Grinding
and
Crushing
Molar
Digestive Organs
• Oesophagus
•
Name some digestive
Stomach
organs…..
• Small Intestines
• Large Intestines
• Pancreas
• Liver
The parts of the digestive system
• The mouth
• The oesophagus
• The stomach
• The small intestine
• The large intestine
The Oesophagus
• Function: to take food from mouth
to stomach by muscular action called
peristalsis
= Food particle
Oesophagus
Stomach
• Store food
• Mix food with juice
• Kill bacteria in food
Small Intestine
• Complete digestion of food
• Absorb digested food into bloodstream
Large Intestine
• To absorb water from the waste food,
solidifying the faeces
Liver
• The liver makes bile
• Function of bile
– to dissolve fats
– neutralise acid from
the stomach
The Pancreas
• Sends a liquid into the
small intestine
– digestive enzymes to
digest starch, proteins
and fats
Lesson 3
Practical Class
Enzymes
• Biological catalysts that break down food
To investigate the action of
amylase on starch
A
Iodine
B
Starch
sol.
Starch sol.
& amalyse
A
B
37°
10mins
The Action of Amylase on Starch
Use the set up above to investigate!
End Products of digestion
• Carbohydrate
• Simple sugars
• Protein
• Amino acids
• Fats
• Fatty acids and
glycerol
Assessment
Students must attempt all
questions!
Question 1
• (a) What are the functions of the digestive
system
• (b) Name the chemicals that digest food
Question 2
• Name the part
labelled A to E.
• Name the parts
labelled F and G
Question 4
• Follow the food as it
passes through the
digestive tract and
explain the process of
digestion.
• Identify type of teeth marked A,B and C.
A
B
C
• Give the function of each.
Chapter Assessment
1. An enzyme is a biological _____________
2) Taking food into the mouth is known as ____________
3) Explain the difference between physical and chemical digestion.
Give one example of each type.
4) What is the name given to the process whereby food is pushed
along the alimentary canal
5) List the two major functions of the large intestine ?.
6) The oesophagus carries the food from the ________
to the __________
Bibliography
• http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/LabTutorials/HI
V/images/enzyme.jpg
• www.calalumni.ch/images/ 031025_basel_meeting/...
• http://science.waltermack.com/smack/yr8biol/digestion2.
gif
• http://medicalimages.allrefer.com/large/gelatin-capsulein-stomach.jpg
• http://www.becomehealthynow.com/images/organs/diges
tive/sm_intestine.jpg
• http://www.cindys-friends.com/images/pic_intestine.jpg
• http://laxmi.nuc.ucla.edu:8000/NMMediabook/figures/GI/liver/liver_ant.gif
Bibliography
• http://gxs.home.texas.net/work_samples/pancreasf/panc
reas.gif
• http://bimari-jankari.mla.iitk.ac.in/html/b_digest.htm
• http://files2.turbosquid.com/Preview/Content_on_8_10_2
005_06_45_00/mr_fastsss_teeth_various_poses.pnge9a
81577-7091-47bc-992e-835a2061e3dcLarge.jpg
• www.ivansanford.com/il_bloodstream.html
• Clip art
• Shea Mullally: Less stress more success – science
• Michael O’ Callaghan: Exploring Science: Edco