Download NetXpress IP Multiplexer

Installation and Operation Manual
Intraplex® NetXpress™
IP Multiplexer
NetXpress™ IP Multiplexer (3RU)
NIM-1 Network Interface Module
MIU-201 Module Interface Unit
MIU-202 Module Interface Unit
Version 3.05
Publication Information
©2014 GatesAir, Inc. . Proprietary and Confidential.
GatesAir considers this document and its contents to be proprietary and confidential. Except for making a
reasonable number of copies for your own internal use, you may not reproduce this publication, or any part
thereof, in any form, by any method, for any purpose, or in any language other than English without the written
consent of GatesAir. All others uses are illegal.
This publication is designed to assist in the use of the product as it exists on the date of publication of this manual,
and may not reflect the product at the current time or an unknown time in the future. This publication does not in
any way warrant description accuracy or guarantee the use for the product to which it refers.
GatesAir reserves the right, without notice to make such changes in equipment, design, specifications,
components, or documentation as progress may warrant to improve the performance of the product.
GatesAir reserves the right, without notice to make such changes in equipment, design, specifications,
components, or documentation as progress may warrant to improve the performance of the product.
Trademarks
®
®
®
®
AudioLink PLUS™, HD Link™, IntraGuide , Intraplex , NetXpress™, NetXpress LX™, STL PLUS , SynchroCast , and
SynchroCast3™ are trademarks of GatesAir Corporation. Other trademarks are the property of their respective
owners.
Customer Service Contact Information
www.gatesair.com
GatesAir
3200 Wismann Lane
Quincy, Il 62305 USA
For Technical Support including Service, Training, Repair and Service Parts:
www.gatesair.com/services/technical-support.aspx
Americas:
24/7 Technical Support
+1 217 222 8200
Email
[email protected]
Europe, Middle East and Africa:
24/7 Technical Support
+1 217 222 8200
Email
[email protected]
Asia:
24/7 Technical Support
+1 217 222 8200
Email
[email protected]
Version*
Date
3.05
11/27/12
3.04*
3.03*
Revisions Made
Editor
Updated all figures of rear panel with correct power supplies.
LD
2/21/12
Corrected Table 3-6 Pin 1 and 2 assignments for T1/E1 ports. Various other
corrections
LD
7/15/11
Updated Quick Start Guide with various interface naming changes,
LD
Updated TDM bus information, added automated TDM bus mapping, IGMP
auto recovery, and WAN port mirror to New Feature section, updated
Software Download procedure, and clarified SNMP Traps Use for Fault
Reporting first paragraph; Updated Stream Creation procedure steps
3.02*
5/25/10
Added VF-40 module to Table 2-2 and put table on one page.
LD
Added RFC2733 to FEC spec and streaming with RFC5086.
3.01*
3.0
7/01/08
5/07/08
Revised Table 2-2 (NetXpress-supported TDM Channel Cards). Added missing
TDM channel cards; removed VF-17E, VF-18AE, PTD-353, and PTR-353;
added note for VF-27 and VF-27E; and repaginated the rest of the section.
Added T1 and E1 specs to Specifications section and repaginated the rest of
the section.
LD
Put entire manual into new template, reformatted, and updated for release.
LD
*Version numbers usually correspond to software releases. If the manual versions differ in number from the release, the front page shows both
the manual version and the release version.
No header
Table of Contents
NetXpress Quick Start Guide .......................................................... vii
Section 1 – Introduction ................................................................ 1-1
1.1 Features .......................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Applications ..................................................................................... 1-2
1.3 Manual Scope ................................................................................... 1-2
1.4 Manual Use ...................................................................................... 1-2
1.5 NetXpress Components...................................................................... 1-2
1.5.1
1.5.2
1.5.3
1.5.4
1.5.5
1.5.6
1.5.7
1.5.8
1.5.9
Main Equipment Shelf .............................................................................1-2
TDM Channel Modules ............................................................................1-3
Channel Access Modules (CAMs) ..............................................................1-3
Network Interface Modules (NIMs) ...........................................................1-4
Module Adapters ....................................................................................1-4
Module Interface Unit (MIU) - 201............................................................1-4
MIU-202 ...............................................................................................1-4
Power Supplies ......................................................................................1-5
Indicator Lights .....................................................................................1-5
1.6 NetXpress Software .......................................................................... 1-6
Section 2 – Functional Design ........................................................ 2-1
2.1 Network Concepts and Considerations ................................................. 2-1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.1.7
MTU throughout the Network ...................................................................2-1
DHCP Use .............................................................................................2-1
Routing Table Construction .....................................................................2-1
WAN and LAN Port Auto-negotiation .........................................................2-2
NetXpress ICMP Support .........................................................................2-2
Redundant WAN Link Configuration ..........................................................2-2
IGMP Multicast.......................................................................................2-3
2.2 Streams........................................................................................... 2-3
2.2.1 Stream Types ........................................................................................2-3
2.2.2 Protocol Stack for TDM-based Streams .....................................................2-4
2.2.3 Stream Addressing .................................................................................2-4
2.2.4 Multicast Group Addressing .....................................................................2-5
2.2.5 Media Switch Map ..................................................................................2-5
2.2.6 IGMP Auto Recovery ...............................................................................2-6
2.2.7 Telephony .............................................................................................2-7
2.2.8 Echo Cancellation ...................................................................................2-7
2.2.9 Packetization and Overhead ....................................................................2-7
2.2.10 Packet Jitter Compensation ...................................................................2-8
2.2.11 Packet /Stream Information Calculation ..................................................2-8
2.2.12 Stream Statistics..................................................................................2-9
2.3 System Security ............................................................................... 2-9
2.3.1 NetXpress Logon .................................................................................. 2-10
2.3.2 Management Protocols on an Interface ................................................... 2-10
2.3.3 IP Access List Use ................................................................................ 2-10
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2.3.4 SNMP Communities .............................................................................. 2-10
2.4 NetXpress QoS ............................................................................... 2-10
2.4.1 COS Levels for Stream Data .................................................................. 2-11
2.4.2 TOS Byte Marking for Outbound Stream Packets ...................................... 2-11
2.4.3 User-defined TOS Byte Setting for Outbound SNMP and HTTP Packets ........ 2-11
2.5 NetXpress Internal TDM Busses ........................................................ 2-11
2.5.1 Compatibility with Intraplex TDM Channel Modules................................... 2-11
2.5.2 TDM Channel Loopbacks ....................................................................... 2-13
2.5.3 TDM Bus Mapping ................................................................................ 2-13
2.6 System Time-of-Day ....................................................................... 2-14
2.7 System Timing ............................................................................... 2-14
2.7.1 Types of System Timing........................................................................ 2-14
2.7.2 NetXpress Timing Scenarios .................................................................. 2-15
2.8 NetXpress System and FEC .............................................................. 2-19
2.9 Power ............................................................................................ 2-19
2.10 Voice Signaling ............................................................................. 2-20
2.10.1 RBS .................................................................................................. 2-20
2.10.2 CAS .................................................................................................. 2-20
2.11 ObjectVideo® Software ................................................................... 2-20
2.12 Network Interface Module (NIM) Redundancy ................................... 2-20
2.13 Software Download ....................................................................... 2-21
2.14 Configuration Files Backup and Restoration ...................................... 2-21
2.15 Fault Detection and Reporting ......................................................... 2-22
2.15.1 Alarm Hierarchy ................................................................................. 2-22
2.15.2 Alarm History .................................................................................... 2-22
2.15.3 SNMP Traps Use for Fault Reporting ..................................................... 2-22
Section 3 – Installation, Wiring, and Setup ................................... 3-1
3.1 Tool and Cable Requirements ............................................................. 3-1
3.2 NetXpress Equipment Unpacking and Installation .................................. 3-1
3.3 NetXpress Shelf Installation ............................................................... 3-2
3.4 NIM-1 Installation ............................................................................. 3-2
3.5 Secondary NIM-1 Installation ............................................................. 3-4
3.6 MIU-201 Installation and Connection with NIM-1 .................................. 3-4
3.7 MIU-202 Installation ......................................................................... 3-4
3.8 TDM Channel Module and Channel Access Module Installation................. 3-5
3.8.1
3.8.2
3.8.3
3.8.4
ii
Module Adapter Installation .....................................................................3-5
Remote Control Operation .......................................................................3-5
SCB Address Selection ............................................................................3-5
Channel Module Insertion ........................................................................3-6
GatesAir, Inc.
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Table of Contents
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
3.9 Power Supplies Installation ................................................................ 3-7
3.10 Wiring and External Connections ....................................................... 3-8
3.10.1
3.10.2
3.10.3
3.10.4
Power Connections ...............................................................................3-8
Alarms .............................................................................................. 3-10
MIU-201 Connections and Wiring ......................................................... 3-11
MIU-202 Connections and Wiring ......................................................... 3-14
3.11 Unit Powering ............................................................................... 3-14
Section 4 – System Configuration and Operation .......................... 4-1
4.1 Software Downloads ......................................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 Download Current Software .....................................................................4-1
4.1.2 Download Current Software with NIM Redundancy .....................................4-1
4.2 NetXpress Configuration Procedures .................................................... 4-2
4.2.1 Connect and Log On to Access NetXpress Home Page .................................4-2
4.2.2 View System Mode .................................................................................4-2
4.2.3 Perform General Setup ...........................................................................4-3
4.3 Network Interface Module (NIM) Redundancy ..................................... 4-16
4.3.1 Redundancy Terms............................................................................... 4-16
4.3.2 Redundancy Capabilities ....................................................................... 4-16
4.3.3 Redundancy Synchronization ................................................................. 4-16
4.4 NetXpress Pages ............................................................................. 4-17
4.4.1 Start at NetXpress Home Page ............................................................... 4-17
4.4.2 Define and Review Fault Information ...................................................... 4-19
4.4.3 Configure the System ........................................................................... 4-23
4.4.4 Configure the Network ......................................................................... 4-41
4.4.5 Configure Streams ............................................................................... 4-49
4.4.6 Check Multiplexer Performance .............................................................. 4-60
4.4.7 Set Up Accounts .................................................................................. 4-73
4.4.8 Send Echo Requests ............................................................................. 4-74
4.4.9 View Power Supply Information ............................................................. 4-74
4.4.10 Configure Primary/Secondary Network Interface Module (NIM) ................ 4-76
4.4.11 Configure Individual Modules (TDM Modules and CAMs) .......................... 4-81
Section 5 – Frequently Asked Questions ........................................ 5-1
Section 6 – NetXpress Specifications ............................................. 6-1
6.1 Detailed Specifications ....................................................................... 6-1
6.2 Notice of FCC Compliance .................................................................. 6-3
6.2.1 Compliance with FCC Part 15 Requirements ..............................................6-3
6.2.2 Compliance with FCC Part 68 Requirements ..............................................6-3
Section 7 – Glossary ...................................................................... 7-1
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Version 3.05
Table of Contents
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MIU-201 Module Interface Unit Panel .......................................................1-4
NetXpress System Status Indicators ........................................................1-5
Front View of the NetXpress Shelf without Cover .......................................1-5
Rear View of the NetXpress Shelf – AC or AC/DC Powered ..........................1-5
Multi-shelf NetXpress System Network .....................................................1-6
Carrier Multicast Backbone Example .........................................................2-5
Media Switching on Incoming Media Stream ..............................................2-6
Media Switching of a Stream to Multiple Destinations .................................2-6
NetXpress Web-Interface Logon Screen .................................................. 2-10
TDM Loopback Scenarios ...................................................................... 2-13
Timing Synchronization ........................................................................ 2-15
Point-to-point Timing Synchronization .................................................... 2-16
Stream Timing Synchronization ............................................................. 2-16
Streams with Different Synchronization Sources ...................................... 2-17
Timing Synchronization with GPS ........................................................... 2-17
Timing with Off-Air Monitor Streams ...................................................... 2-18
NetXpress Equipment Shelf with Thumbscrews ..........................................3-2
NetXpress NIM-1 Module and Indicator Lights ...........................................3-3
NetXpress NIM-1 and MIU-201 Midplane Insertion .....................................3-4
Front View of NetXpress Shelf with Cover Removed ...................................3-5
Side View – TDM Channel Module and Module Adapter Insertion ..................3-6
Rear Panel of NetXpress Shelf .................................................................3-8
Connections for AC and AC/DC Operation .................................................3-8
Rear Panel of NetXpress Shelf .................................................................3-9
Connection for DC Operation ................................................................. 3-10
Connection for DC Operation Using Dual Power Supply Setup .................... 3-10
DC Power & Alarm Connectors ............................................................... 3-11
NetXpress MIU-201 .............................................................................. 3-12
NetXpress Home Page ............................................................................4-2
Networking | IP Routing Table .................................................................4-3
IP Routing Table | Create a New Route Page .............................................4-4
Networking | IP Access List .....................................................................4-4
IP Access List | Create IP Access List Entry Page .......................................4-4
System Cfg | TDM Bus Information Page ..................................................4-5
System Cfg | Software Load Image Configuration Page ..............................4-6
System Cfg | Interfaces Table – Port A Configuration .................................4-7
Streams Page........................................................................................4-8
Streams | Stream Creation – Stage 1 Page ...............................................4-8
Streams | Stream Creation – Stage 1 (TDM to TDM) Page ..........................4-9
Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to TDM) Page .........................................4-9
Stream Creation Summary (TDM to TDM) Page ....................................... 4-10
Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to IP) Page........................................... 4-11
Stream Creation – Stage 3 (TDM to IP) Page........................................... 4-11
Stream Creation – Stage 4 (TDM to IP) Page........................................... 4-12
Stream Creation Summary (TDM to IP) Page .......................................... 4-13
System Cfg | System Timing Page ......................................................... 4-14
Networking | SNMP Configuration Page .................................................. 4-15
System Cfg | Configuration Files Backup/Restore Page ............................. 4-15
NetXpress Home Page .......................................................................... 4-18
Current Alarms Page ............................................................................ 4-20
GatesAir, Inc.
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Table of Contents
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Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Alarm Definitions Page ......................................................................... 4-20
Alarm Definition Edit Page .................................................................... 4-21
Alarm History Page .............................................................................. 4-21
Remote Log Server Page ...................................................................... 4-22
System Log Files Page .......................................................................... 4-22
General Setup Page ............................................................................. 4-24
Interfaces Table .................................................................................. 4-25
E1 Interfaces Table .............................................................................. 4-27
T1 Interfaces Table .............................................................................. 4-28
TDM Bus Information Page ................................................................... 4-30
Changes to System Mode Dialog Box ..................................................... 4-31
TDM Bus Configuration Edit Page ........................................................... 4-31
Media Switch Map Page – E1 Mode ........................................................ 4-33
System Timing Page ............................................................................ 4-34
System TOS Byte Definitions Page ......................................................... 4-36
Software Load Image Configuration Page................................................ 4-37
Configuration Files Backup/Restore ........................................................ 4-39
Redundancy Configuration Page ............................................................ 4-40
Redundancy System Synchronization Page ............................................. 4-41
Network Interface Configuration Page .................................................... 4-42
WAN Network Interface Configuration Page............................................. 4-43
LAN Network Interface Configuration Page .............................................. 4-44
IP Routing Table .................................................................................. 4-45
Create a New Route ............................................................................. 4-45
IP Access List ...................................................................................... 4-46
Create IP Access List Entry Page ............................................................ 4-46
SNMP Configuration Page ..................................................................... 4-47
UDP Listener Table .............................................................................. 4-47
TCP Connection Table........................................................................... 4-48
ARP Table ........................................................................................... 4-48
Streams Page...................................................................................... 4-49
Stream Creation – Stage 1 Page (TDM to IP)........................................... 4-51
Stream Creation – Stage 1 Page (TDM to TDM) ....................................... 4-51
Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to IP) Page........................................... 4-52
Stream Creation – Stage 3 (TDM to IP) Page........................................... 4-53
Stream Creation – Stage 4 (TDM to IP) Page........................................... 4-54
Stream Creation Summary (TDM to IP) Page .......................................... 4-55
Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to TDM) Page ....................................... 4-56
Stream Creation Summary (TDM to TDM) Page ....................................... 4-57
Streams Page...................................................................................... 4-58
TDM to IP Stream Edit Page .................................................................. 4-59
TDM to TDM Stream Edit Page ............................................................... 4-59
Stream Statistics Page ......................................................................... 4-60
Performance History Page ..................................................................... 4-61
Voice Signaling Statistics Page .............................................................. 4-62
E1 Port Statistics Page ......................................................................... 4-62
T1 Port Statistics Page ......................................................................... 4-63
Port Statistics Intervals Page – E1 Near End ........................................... 4-63
Port Statistics Intervals Page – T1 Near End............................................ 4-63
SNMP Statistics Page............................................................................ 4-65
UDP Statistics Page .............................................................................. 4-67
TCP Statistics Page .............................................................................. 4-67
ICMP Statistics Page ............................................................................ 4-69
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IGMP Statistics Page ............................................................................ 4-71
IP Statistics Page ................................................................................. 4-72
Accounts Configuration Pages ............................................................... 4-73
Ping Utility Page .................................................................................. 4-74
Standard Power Supply Page................................................................. 4-74
200W-AC Power Supply Configuration Page ............................................ 4-75
NIM-1 Network Interface Module: General Page ...................................... 4-77
NIM-1 Network Interface Module: Revisions Page .................................... 4-78
NIM-1 Network Interface Module: Program Boot ROM Page ....................... 4-79
NIM-1 Network Interface Module: MIU-201 Page ..................................... 4-80
DA-91A Configuration Page ................................................................... 4-81
DA-91A Status Page............................................................................. 4-81
PT-353 Configuration Page.................................................................... 4-82
PT-353 Status Page ............................................................................. 4-83
VF-25E Configuration Page ................................................................... 4-85
VF-25E Status Page ............................................................................. 4-86
DS-64NC Configuration Page ................................................................ 4-87
DS-64NC Status Page .......................................................................... 4-89
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NetXpress Stream User and Computed Parameters ......................................2-9
NetXpress-supported TDM Channel Modules with Nominal Power.................. 2-12
NetXpress FEC Performance Data ............................................................. 2-19
NIM-1 Switch Settings (S3 Location) ..........................................................3-3
SCB Switch Settings for TDM Channel Modules.............................................3-6
System Indicator Lights ............................................................................3-7
Power and Alarm Connectors ................................................................... 3-11
Pin Assignments for the LAN/WAN/MGMT Ports .......................................... 3-13
Pin Assignments for the T1/E1 Ports ......................................................... 3-13
Pin Assignments for the MIU-201 External Timing In Port ............................ 3-14
Pin Assignments for the MIU-201 Timing Out Port ...................................... 3-14
States Associated with Streams ............................................................... 4-50
SCB Switch Settings .................................................................................5-2
GatesAir, Inc.
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No header here
Section 1 – Introduction
GatesAir Intraplex NetXpress IP multiplexer represents the next generation in IP transport systems.
This robust multiplexing server provides efficient transport and managed control of real time payloads
(voice, audio, video, and data) over IP networks. The system’s capabilities enable your organization to
leverage existing LANs and WANs, public packet switched networks, corporate intranets, and the
Internet. The NetXpress platform provides a smooth transition from circuit switched to packet
switched networks without requiring an overhaul of your existing infrastructure.
1.1 Features
Key features of the NetXpress system include
●
Built-in optimization for robust streaming
●
Increased bandwidth capacity for multi-channel operation, consolidation, and program sharing
●
Precise management of services (audio, voice, data) for links over multiple networks (TDM/IP)
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Packet delay jitter compensation with adjustable jitter buffer (up to 128 packets)
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Adjustable packet sizing
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Priority tagging for critical traffic routing
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QoS (Quality of Service) Prioritization
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Standard 19-inch (3RU) rack-mountable chassis
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Definable alarms and alarm history
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Forward Error Correction (FEC) for up to 20 streams
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Configuration backup and restore
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Downloadable software upgrades
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Internal, external, and adaptive (stream) timing
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Four internal TDM busses for utilization of existing Intraplex channel modules
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Automatic TDM bus mapping
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Hot-swappable modules
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High-Speed Packet Bus for the transport of high bandwidth services such as video
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Two external T1/E1 ports for TDM-to-TDM or TDM-over-IP transport services
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Multiple independent unicast or multicast IP streams (create up to 32 full duplex streams)
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Compatibility with Intraplex T1 and E1 multiplexers and cross-connect equipment
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MPEG4/H.264 two-channel video compression boards with ObjectVideo® OnBoard 4.0.1 analytics
software
●
Redundant Network Interface Module (NIM)
●
Redundant power supplies
●
Allows configuration and status monitoring from SNMP-based network management systems
●
Web browser user interface
●
Stream statistics tracking and reporting
●
SynchroCast3 simulcasting over IP
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Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
1—Introduction
1.2 Applications
The NetXpress IP multiplexing solution includes these applications:
●
Broadcast Audio Distribution: Contribution and Distribution networks, Studio-to-Transmitter
(STL) and Transmitter-to-Studio (TSL) links, Inter-studio communications, production feeds, and
transport backup.
●
Private and Enterprise Networks: Audio and video program distribution, data link overlays,
and consolidation of real-time and packet network facilities.
●
Land Mobile Radio: Migration to next generation network topologies, inter-site transport of
encrypted and clear channel voice, and support for legacy data protocols.
●
xDSL Based Broadcast: Take advantage of digital subscriber line technology for audio
distribution and reduce transmitter costs.
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TDM over IP: TDM over IP can significantly reduce recurring costs by consolidating T1/E1 circuit
traffic.
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Legacy Data Communications via IP: Synchronous or asynchronous data communications.
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Campus / Corporate A/V over IP: Audio and video program distribution, data link overlays,
and consolidation of real-time and packet network facilities.
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Surveillance over IP: Cost-effective video distribution via WAN.
●
Mobile Video Infrastructure: IP network video distribution to portable video devices.
1.3 Manual Scope
This manual is the primary reference document for installing, configuring, operating, and
troubleshooting the NetXpress IP Multiplexer system.
If you have additional questions pertaining to the operation of your Intraplex system, you can call
Networking Customer Service 24 hours daily at (217) 222-8200 or send an e-mail to
[email protected].
1.4 Manual Use
The manual “Table of Contents” shows locations for specific topic information. For general information,
use these guidelines:
●
Readers unfamiliar with the NetXpress IP Multiplexer System – Use this manual as a
tutorial. Read or skim all sections in order.
●
Installers – If you are already familiar with the NetXpress system, finish reading this section and
go directly to Section 3 – “Installation and Wiring,” for step-by-step installation instructions.
●
Transmission and Planning Engineers – NetXpress operation and configuration overview is in
Section 2 – “Functional Design” and specific guidelines are in Section 4 – “System Configuration.”
Output, power, and other specification information can be found in Section 6 – “Specifications.”
●
Maintenance Technicians – Section 5 – “Troubleshooting/Frequently Asked Questions” gives
troubleshooting information and guidelines. Individual channel module setup and test procedures
can be found in the manuals for the modules shipped with your system.
1.5 NetXpress Components
1.5.1
Main Equipment Shelf
The NetXpress chassis is a 19-inch wide, 5 1/4-inch high (3RU) rack-mount equipment shelf. The shelf
is equipped with slots for plug-in TDM Channel Modules, Channel Access Modules (CAMs), Network
Interface Modules (NIMs), Module Adapters, Module Interface Units (MIUs), and power supplies
(Figure 1-3).
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1.5.2
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
TDM Channel Modules
Up to 12 Intraplex TDM channel modules can be plugged into the 3RU NetXpress shelf for voice, data,
high-fidelity audio, and video applications. Each channel module may terminate one or more payload
circuits. There are four internal TDM busses (totaling up to 8 Mbps in E1 mode or 6 Mbps in T1 mode).
Each slot can access two of the four busses. Slots 1 through 6 can access TDM1A and TDM1B. Slots 7
through 12 can access TDM2A and TDM2B. The NetXpress system supports existing channel modules
used in GatesAir Intraplex Access Server models (ACS-160 series and ACS-260 series, as well as STL
Plus and AudioLink Plus).
●
Voice Modules: Voice modules provide digital transport
of telephony, fax and modem circuits. Signaling options
include E&M Types I, II, III, V, loop start/ground start,
ARD, and transmit only, which provide these voice
capabilities:
•
•
•
•
●
Data Modules: Data modules provide digital transport of one-way or full-duplex data circuits,
supporting a variety of data rates and formats including synchronous, asynchronous, and
plesiochronous (almost synchronous) and providing these data capabilities:
•
•
•
•
●
High-speed synchronous data up to 2 Mbps for E1 and 1.5 Mbps for T1 for 10Base LAN, V.35,
X.21, RS-449 and TTL, optionally decoupled from the network timing
10BaseT Ethernet LAN bridging
Four-port asynchronous data up to 38.4 kbps for RS-232 and RS-449
Five-port synchronous data up to 19.2 kbps for RS-232
Program Audio Modules: Program audio modules provide digital transport for signals up to 22.5
kHz stereo. They are available with analog or AES/EBU input or output and provide these audio
capabilities:
•
•
•
•
●
2-wire Foreign Exchange Office (FXO/FXS) PCM and
ADPCM voice
2-wire and 4-wire E&M PCM and ADPCM voice
Wideband 7.5 kHz voice
Motorola SECURENET™ secure digital voice
Linear, uncompressed 22 kHz stereo audio with minimum delay
Enhanced apt-X100 4:1 compressed audio for signals up to 20 kHz stereo with low delay
ITU-T J.41 audio that employs 14:11 and 15:11 instantaneous companding
Full-duplex codec modules that provide MPEG Layer 2 and Layer 3 (MP3) compressed audio for
the highest fidelity stereo audio relative to bandwidth
Video Modules: Video codec modules support MPEG-4 and H.264 compliant video encoding in
both unicast and multicast streams. Applications for these modules include surveillance, remote
monitoring, and video distribution and provide these video capabilities:
•
•
•
•
1.5.3
NTSC and PAL video inputs
Encoder and decoder configurations
64 kbps – 3Mbps
Optional video analytics for automated surveillance
Channel Access Modules (CAMs)
In addition to TDM channel modules, you can have up to 4 channel access modules (CAMs) for video,
voice, data, and various audio applications. For enhanced reliability and throughput, each CAM has its
own 100Mbps spoke on the internal high-speed packet bus.
1.5.4
Network Interface Modules (NIMs)
The primary NIM is inserted into slot 17 of the NetXpress chassis. If you have a secondary NIM, it can
be inserted into slot 15. The NIM-1 module is the command center for the NetXpress IP multiplexing
system. The NIM-1 acts as an IP network interface, a packet engine, and a system manager. When
coupled with the MIU-201 module interface unit (or MIU-202 module interface unit for external T1/E1
port or timing redundancy), the NIM-1 provides shelf management control, TDM over IP
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encapsulation, LAN and WAN traffic control through 10/100 BaseT Ports, and timing control for
external stream traffic and system synchronization.
1.5.5
Module Adapters
In addition to supporting TDM channel modules, the NetXpress system supports existing module
adapters (that is, module adapters used with Intraplex Access Server models ACS-160 and ACS-260
Series). Intraplex module adapters are installed in the rear of the shelf and work in conjunction with
the channel cards installed in the front.
1.5.6
Module Interface Unit (MIU) – 201
Figure 1-1 shows the panel view of a MIU-201 module interface unit.
Figure 1-1. MIU-201 Module Interface Unit Panel
The MIU-201 unit provides connectivity for the NIM-1 network interface module. The MIU-201
connects to the NIM-1 in the rear of the shelf and features these communication ports:
●
Two T1/E1 Ports for full or fractional circuit emulation over IP
●
Two 10/100 BaseT Ports (LAN port can serve as a second WAN port)
●
Timing in/out for external stream and system synchronization
●
Serial Port for local craft access, Contact I/O for external control
●
Management Ethernet Port (Management traffic can also be mapped to LAN and WAN ports)
You can use two MIU-201 units with two NIM-1 modules to provide NIM-1 redundancy. However, you
need two MIU-202 units to enable T1/E1 interface connections to switch automatically (T1/E1
redundancy).
1.5.7
MIU-202
The MIU-202 module interface unit provides connectivity for the secondary NIM for external T1/E1
port or timing redundancy. The MIU-202 connects to the secondary NIM in the rear of the shelf and
has the same communication ports and similar capabilities as the MIU-201. For T1/E1 redundancy to
work correctly, both the main and redundant NIM-1 cards must be equipped with MIU-202 units
behind them instead of MIU-201 units.
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1.5.8
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Power Supplies
The NetXpress chassis can accommodate slot-mounted, single or dual redundant power supplies. The
chassis has both DC source and universal AC source power supplies.
1.5.9
Indicator Lights
Four visible system status indicator lights are located on the front of each power supply module.
Figure 1-2 shows the system status indicator lights and provides an explanation of each light. Figure
1-3 shows the front of the NetXpress shelf (uncovered), and Figure 1-4 shows the back of the shelf
for AC powered or AC/DC powered.
NORMAL – Green light: When lit, indicates power is on
and the NetXpress shelf is operating normally
MAJOR – Red light: When lit, indicates an alarm condition exists
(for example, stream loss, signal failure, loss of frame on an
external T1/E1 port, power failure if redundant supply is installed)
MINOR – Yellow light: When lit, indicates that an alert
condition exists (for example, channel module inserted or
removed, stream jitter buffer reset occurred)
ACO – Green light: When lit, indicates alarm cut-off is active,
reset by the NIM-1 when the alarm condition has been cleared
(ACO is triggered by the push button switch located on the
front panel of the NIM-1)
Figure 1-2. NetXpress System Status Indicators
TDM Bus
Slots 1 to 12 for TDM
channel modules
TDM Bus
Slots 13, 14, & 16 for channel
access modules (CAMs)
High Speed Packet
Bus
Slot 15 for Secondary
NIM or Additional CAM
Redundant power
supplies
Slot 17 used for Primary network
interface module (NIM)
Figure 1-3. Front View of the NetXpress Shelf without Cover
Figure 1-4. Rear View of the NetXpress Shelf – AC or AC/DC Powered
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1—Introduction
1.6 NetXpress Software
You can control all the functions of your NetXpress unit and access network statistics and system
status through the NetXpress Home page. You can choose to run simultaneous software windows,
each connected to a different NetXpress system in the network (Figure 1-5).
NetXpress Home Page
IP
Network
Figure 1-5. Multi-shelf NetXpress System Network
The SNMP Configuration screen lets you control and monitor your NetXpress system from a central
network management system. You can access the NetXpress Home page from the network
management system to research a particular problem or obtain a graphical view of system
configuration or status.
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Section 2 – Functional Design
This section of the manual describes the intent of IP multiplexing and day-to-day operations of the
Intraplex NetXpress IP multiplexer system. It also describes how to use the IP multiplexer to configure
real-time payload transport of voice, audio, video, and data over existing IP networks.
IP multiplexing offers many advantages and benefits to broadcasters and service providers. Packetbased media transport with the NetXpress system provides these competitive advantages:
●
Economical, efficient transport of audio, voice, data, and video
●
Flexibility when integrating to business applications, systems, and networks
●
Scalability to accommodate additional applications and network growth
●
Reliable service due to hardware redundancy, network monitoring, and error mitigation
●
Easy transition and migration from legacy systems, and reuse of cards and components
2.1 Network Concepts and Considerations
When looking at the NetXpress system and packet-switched services as a whole, there are a number
of network-related concepts and topics to consider.
2.1.1
MTU throughout the Network
Prior to configuring a stream, the user must have prior knowledge of end-to-end MTU (Maximum
Transmission Unit) between stream endpoints. This can also be measured using an external server or
router and running the “Path MTU” tool. The stream payload must be smaller than the path MTU,
otherwise fragmentation occurs, the stream does not come up, and the NetXpress system does not
support re-assembly.
2.1.2
DHCP Use
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol that enables a DHCP server to
automatically assign an IP address to an individual computer’s IP network interface. DHCP assigns a
number dynamically from a defined range of numbers configured for a given network.
The NetXpress system supports dynamic address assignment for its management interface (MGMT)
using DHCP. On the WAN and LAN interface, only static IP address assignment is supported. You can
elect to enable the DHCP option for the management interface from the Network Interface
Configuration Web page (Section 4.4.4.1 – Network Interface Configuration). If DHCP is enabled and
the system fails to successfully retrieve an IP address, it defaults to the factory default address –
192.168.1.1.
2.1.3
Routing Table Construction
The behavior of the NetXpress system within the customer’s network is that of an IP host. As such,
the NetXpress routing table is used solely to route internally generated packets. For streams that are
unicast, the determination of the next-hop gateway to reach the remote NetXpress shelf is done by
examining the system routing table.
Routes in the routing table fall into two basic categories: automatic routes and user-defined routes.
The NetXpress system adds automatic routes based on the interface IP addresses. These routes are
called “directly connected” routes and are present to identify local subnets. If the destination for all
NetXpress traffic (stream and management) is to a host on its local subnet, no user routes are
needed. In most cases, however, you need to add routes to remote networks or hosts so that the
NetXpress system can successfully send traffic to it. In the simplest case, if there is only one gateway
on its WAN subnet, a default route (such as 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 next-hop “gatewayIP”) pointing to that
gateway should be added. You can manage the NetXpress routing table from the NetXpress Home
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page (Section 4.4.4.2 IP Routing Table) or via direct SNMP access of the proprietary route
management MIB (Management Information Base).
2.1.4
WAN and LAN Port Auto-negotiation
Auto-negotiation is a mechanism to accommodate multi-speed Ethernet network devices. It occurs
when a physical connection is made between a NetXpress Ethernet port and an Ethernet port on a
network switch or router. During this process, the two Ethernet devices use a protocol to determine at
what speed (10 Mbps or 100 Mbps) they communicate and whether the exchange of data occurs in a
half-duplex (only one end transmits at a time) or full-duplex manner.
The NetXpress system allows users to enable or disable auto-negotiation for the WAN and LAN ports
because it is crucial that the link characteristics are set correctly to facilitate the transmission of
stream data. Auto-negotiation should be enabled when the network port to which the NetXpress
system is being connected is capable of negotiating to a mode of 100 Mbps or 10 Mbps and full-duplex
operation. When auto-negotiation is disabled, each Ethernet port is set to operate at 100 Mbps speed
in full-duplex mode, the optimum setting. If the anticipated stream data rate is low enough, the WAN
port can operate effectively at 10 Mbps. Operating the WAN port in half-duplex mode should be
avoided. Both sides of the link need to be set for auto-negotiation. If not, the NetXpress system
configures itself for 10 Mbps, half duplex, and streams experience dropped packets due to collision on
the Ethernet link. When operating in redundant configuration, the setting for both connected ports on
the switch/router must match that of the NetXpress WAN port.
The management port (MGMT) is always set to auto-negotiate. The management port can satisfy its
function even when operating at 10 Mbps in half-duplex mode.
Note: Operating auto-negotiation on only one side of the NetXpress link is not recommended. To
work properly, both sides (NetXpress system and connecting device) must be enabled for
auto-negotiation. The NetXpress system does not revert to 100 Mbps full-duplex if it is
configured to auto-negotiate and the other device is manually configured for 100 Mbps fullduplex.
2.1.5
NetXpress ICMP Support
The ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) delivers error and control messages from hosts to
message requestors. An ICMP test may determine whether a destination is reachable. The ICMP
messages typically report errors in the processing of datagrams. Additionally, ICMP provides flow
control and first-hop gateway redirection. On the NetXpress WAN port, there is an option to block
ICMP error messages, but the “ping” messages are always allowed.
2.1.6
Redundant WAN Link Configuration
In the NetXpress system, WAN link redundancy is achieved via the Link Aggregation feature, which
provides load sharing between the LAN and WAN port. The WAN redundancy option is available when
the LAN port is not going to be used as a normal customer data port. The NetXpress system supports
configuration of LAN and WAN ports into a single logical Trunk group. Similar configuration must be
performed on the switcher/router to enable the corresponding ports into a single Trunk group.
2.1.6.1
Enable WAN Link Redundancy
To enable this feature, the redundancy parameter of the WAN port configuration must be set (Section
4.4.4.1 – Network Image Configuration); correspondingly, ports on the connecting switch must also
be configured for Trunking. Once enabled, the NetXpress system and the switch load balance traffic on
all active links automatically. Should one of the two links fail, the other assumes the full traffic load of
the two links up to its available capacity.
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2.1.6.2
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Disable WAN Link Redundancy
If you are going to disable WAN link redundancy, you must clear the Use LAN as Redundant WAN
Link check box on the WAN Interface Configuration screen (Section 4.4.4.1 – Network Interface
Configuration) and Trunking must be disabled on the switch ports. We also recommend that the LAN
cable be disconnected so that the switch releases any cached MAC addresses.
2.1.7
IGMP Multicast
The NetXpress system interoperates with Multicast Routers using the Internet Group Management
Protocol (IGMP). The IGMP Multicast mode involves transmission to specific hosts through IGMP
routers. This scheme allows you to route specific packets onto specific segments, thereby segregating
unwanted traffic from narrow segments.
The NetXpress system supports IGMP v2 messages. When a “receive” multicast stream is configured,
it sends out IGMP membership reports. Similarly, when the multicast streams are deleted, the
NetXpress system sends out an IGMP Leave message and also responds to the membership queries
from the router. It supports the proprietary IGMP statistics MIB to account for all incoming and
outgoing messages.
2.2 Streams
The NetXpress IP multiplexer uses packet streaming to transport audio, voice, data, and video signals.
2.2.1
Stream Types
2.2.1.1
Unidirectional
versus Bidirectional
Packet streams can be unidirectional or bidirectional. In other words, streams can travel in one
direction (transmitted or received) or two directions (transmitted and received). The NetXpress
system supports both unidirectional and bidirectional packet streaming.
Most circuit types, such as voice and two-way data circuits, are bidirectional, or full-duplex. Fullduplex circuits require identical full-duplex (transmit/receive) channel modules at both ends of the
channel they occupy within a system. Other circuit types, such as program audio channels, are
unidirectional (simplex). They always have a transmitter module at one end and a receiver module at
the other. Most bidirectional (full-duplex) channel modules can also be set up to operate in a
unidirectional (simplex) mode.
2.2.1.2
Unicast versus Multicast
Packet streams can also be classified as unicast or multicast. Unicast describes the transmission of a
piece of information (a packet stream in this case) from one point to another point. Unicast transfer
mode is still the predominant form of transmission on LANs and within the Internet. Examples of
standard unicast applications include HTTP, SMTP, FTP, and Telnet.
Multicast describes communication where a piece of information is sent from one or more points to a
set of other points (a multicast group address). There may be one or more senders and the
information is sent to a set of receivers (there may be no receiver or any number of receivers). With
multicasting, the same packet is delivered simultaneously to a group of clients. Multicast applications
must use the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) transport protocol, since TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol) only supports the unicast mode.
Most circuits provided by Intraplex multiplexer systems are unicast, including those provided with the
NetXpress system. However, several types of channel modules can be configured for point-tomultipoint operation (multicast). For example, a single program audio transmitter module and several
program audio receiver modules can be set up in a point-to-multipoint or “broadcast” circuit
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configuration, allowing multiple locations to receive the same program audio signal without the need
for tandem decoding and re-encoding at each receive site. In order to achieve this, you must set all
the receive modules to the same time slots as the transmit module.
If your network does not support multicasting, you can configure the NetXpress system to multiunicast up to four destinations. The programming source must be in contiguous time slots on TDM Bus
1A. The receivers can be on any of the internal TDM busses. Section 4.4.3.6 – Media Switch Map gives
additional multi-unicast information.
2.2.1.3
Voice Streams versus Data Streams
Streams which are intended to carry information for voice grade audio modules often require
additional signaling information to support pulse dialing, off-hook condition call progress or ringing
states. Special signaling support is required to transport this added information. Voice audio streams
carrying telephone calls are also prone to audio echo back from the receiver. You can use echo
canceling circuits to eliminate this problem. Streams used for transporting linear or compressed
wideband audio modules or other forms of raw information present their data directly into each
channel and do not require signaling support.
2.2.2
Protocol Stack for TDM-based Streams
The protocol stack that the NetXpress system uses is the protocol hierarchy used for TDM-based
packet streaming. The figure below represents the protocol stack inherent to the NetXpress system.
Ethernet
2.2.3
IP
UDP
RTP
TDM
Stream Addressing
In the NetXpress system, the process of stream addressing involves the designation of a destination IP
address for both unicast and multicast IP streams (Section 4.4.5 – Configure Streams). During the
process of adding streams, individual streams are designated as either unicast or multicast in the
Transmission Type field (Section 4.4.5.1 – Stream Creation).
2.2.3.1
UDP Port Addressing
When a stream is created in the NetXpress system, a UDP port number must be specified for both the
local and remote NetXpress devices (Section 4.4.5.1 – Stream Creation). The RTP protocol
conversation between the two devices takes place through the specified UDP ports.
The range for UDP port numbers in the NetXpress system must be greater than or equal to 50000 and
a multiple of 5, ending in either a 0 or a 5. For unicast and multicast receive streams, the combination
of peer’s IP address and source and destination UDP ports must be unique. For multicast transmit
streams in the NetXpress system, each stream must have unique ports.
Many networks use a device known as a “firewall” at the entry point to the network to provide security
against hackers and other undesirable applications. Usually, network devices in the private network
behind the firewall can freely transmit out using any UDP port number. However, devices are blocked
from receiving packets using a UDP port number until a packet is transmitted out the firewall using the
same UDP port. When setting up the network for a NetXpress installation, you may need to configure
the firewall to allow communication on the UDP port numbers used for stream traffic before
attempting to bring up a stream.
2.2.3.2
Source and Destination Definitions on the TDM Bus
The NetXpress system allows you to define TDM source and TDM destination busses. TDM Bus 1A,
TDM Bus 1B, TDM Bus 2A, TDM Bus 2B are your choices for both source and destination busses. If you
need to connect to a T1 or E1 circuit, the TDM busses within the NetXpress system must also be
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configured in the corresponding T1 or E1 system mode. (Section 2.6 – NetXpress Internal TDM Busses
and 4.4.5.1 – Stream Creation gives more information.)
2.2.4
Multicast Group Addressing
The NetXpress system supports the use of multicast for stream transmission and supports the creation
of up to 32 transmit, receive, or a combination of transmit and receive streams. You can use a
multicast class D IP address in one of these ranges:
●
233.0.0.0 – 233.255.255.255
●
239.0.0.0 – 239.255.255.255
Figure 2-1 represents a scenario where multicast addresses are “administratively scoped.” Some
customers may also require GLOP assignment by the carrier WAN using 233.x.x.x address ranges as
well. Section 4.4.5.1 – Stream Creation shows multicast addresses in stream configuration.
Figure 2-1. Carrier Multicast Backbone Example
2.2.5
Media Switch Map
The NetXpress system now includes a media switch which dynamically allocates system resources to
satisfy active stream requirements. Before the V3.03 release, the system supported six multi-unicast
transmit streams. Now the number of transmit streams is only limited by the available time slots on
the four IP buses and two external buses; therefore, it is possible—depending on your time slot
requirements—to have all 32 streams multi-unicasting the same content. Previously, the incoming
receive stream was only mapped to one internal TDM destination on which the channel module
resides. Now you can create multiple receive streams with the same classification, allowing the
content of the single incoming stream to be mapped to multiple receive channel modules.
Figure 2-2 shows the media switching capability on an incoming media stream. The switch can take a
single incoming media and signaling stream and create multiple internal streams, anchored to that
one stream, to drop the same content onto as possibly all channel modules and to external TDM ports,
up to a maximum of 32 streams copies.
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Audio/
Voice
card 1
Audio/
Voice
card 2
WAN IP
Network
Media
Switch
Audio/
Voice
card 3
Incoming
Media and
Signaling
Stream
Audio/
Voice
card N
TDM
Network
Figure 2-2. Media Switching on Incoming Media Stream
Figure 2-3 shows the media switch taking a single media stream from an internal audio or voice
module (or from an external TDM interface) and switching that same content to multiple IP and TDM
destinations. The maximum amount of destinations depends on the availability of switching resources
and the maximum number of 32 streams of identical content that can be created.
Media
Stream to IP Dest
1
Audio
Card
Media
Stream
WAN IP
Network
Media
Switch
Media
Stream to IP Dest
2
Media
Stream to IP Dest
N
Media
Stream to TDM
Dest
TDM
Network
Figure 2-3. Media Switching of a Stream to Multiple Destinations
2.2.6
IGMP Auto Recovery
Version 3.03 also offers an IGMP auto recovery function. Enable IGMP auto recovery with multicast
receive streams configured in a routed network. This function monitors several conditions to
determine when an unsolicited IGMP membership report is sent for each receive group, thus
preventing the routers from aging out the receive groups. Here are the specific conditions in which the
unsolicited membership reports are sent:
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●
If a router IGMP general query has not been received for more than two minutes – This condition
assumes that the default query interval on the router is set to one minute. The router allows three
query responses to be missed before the groups are purged. This check helps queries reach the
software stack in spite of incoming congestion.
●
If an IGMP query is received but the operating system has not sent membership reports – The
NetXpress system then generates these reports.
The NetXpress system can also log all IGMP messages to use in debugging any multicast problems.
2.2.7
Telephony
The NetXpress system allows the creation of streams whose endpoints are Intraplex voice channel
modules that support telephone signaling (for example, VF-15E, VF-16AE, and VF-25 modules). The
voice circuits generate signaling bits which the NetXpress system transports out-of-band and reinserts
onto the NetXpress internal TDM bus at the receive end. No more than 20 telephony streams are
allowed in-service at one time.
Telephony streams can be easily identified in the stream table by the telephone icon after the stream
name. The color of the icon, (red, yellow, or green) indicates the current status of the out-of-band
signaling transfer. The NetXpress Performance menu provides statistics on signaling packet
transmission, and these statistics are cleared when the other stream statistics are cleared.
Signaling bits are carried on the internal TDM busses using Channel Associated Signaling (CAS).
Telephony streams need to originate and terminate on busses where CAS mode is enabled. You can
select the specific TDM busses for the telephony streams on the TDM Bus Edit screen (System
Config | TDM Bus | TDM Bus Edit). When CAS mode is enabled, the NetXpress system uses time
slot 16 to carry the signaling bits for all the other channels on that bus; this time slot is not available
to carry normal traffic.
2.2.8
Echo Cancellation
The NetXpress system can provide echo cancellation for voice circuits using up to 2 optional echo
canceller cards that plug onto the NIM-1 module. Each board can provide echo cancellation for up to
30 channels per echo canceller card on the TDM bus.
Echo cancellation can only be enabled for full-duplex streams with identical Bus/Channel configuration
in the transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) direction, and both endpoints of the stream need to have an
echo canceller card installed. Echo cancellers are needed in 2-wire modules (for example, VF15E/16AE) but not in 4-wire modules (for example, VF-25E). When using echo cancellation, you
should not configure streams to encapsulate more than 60 frames per packet.
2.2.9
Packetization and Overhead
Packetization in the NetXpress system is a process in which frames of data from the TDM bus are
collected into IP packets for transmission through the IP network. A frame on a NetXpress TDM bus is
divided into 32 partitions or time slots, each containing a byte of data. Because of the serial nature of
the TDM bus, an entire TDM bus frame encompasses 125 µs in time. The packetization interval for a
stream defines the number of TDM frames collected by the NetXpress system into a single packet for
transmission. The higher the packetization interval, the greater the accumulation delay introduced to
the program because each frame must be accumulated before the packet can be created. Note that
the total program delay is a combination of packetization delay and network delay.
Each packet in a NetXpress stream contains 44 bytes of non-program data (overhead) corresponding
to the header information required for the IP, UDP, and RTP protocol layers. The ratio of non-program
data to program data for a packet can be thought of as the overhead required to get the packet
through the network. The higher the overhead, the more the network bandwidth available to an
application used to transmit non-program data. Program delay can be minimized by using a small
packetization interval at the expense of an increase in overhead. Conversely, increasing the
packetization interval decreases the overhead but increases the program delay (Table 2-1).
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Another factor in determining the overhead associated with a stream is the number of time slots from
each TDM frame that get placed in the packet. As the number of time slots from each frame increases,
the stream overhead decreases because the ratio of overhead data to program data decreases.
However, the number of time slots consumed from each frame does not affect the program delay.
Therefore, it is desirable to combine time slots from a TDM bus headed for the same destination into a
single stream to reduce overhead and to make the best use of available network bandwidth.
2.2.10
Packet Jitter Compensation
In an IP network, the time required for a packet to travel through the network from sender to receiver
is not guaranteed to be maintained. As a result, the receiver can see the interval between the arrival
of packets vary throughout the reception of the packet stream. For a given packet, the difference
between the packet’s delay and the average of the delay values for all packets in the stream is known
as jitter. The jitter can be positive or negative depending on whether the packet delay is less than or
greater than the average delay.
Many times packet jitter is not an issue, and no technique is needed to compensate. However, the
continuous playout nature of audio and video require that there must be some means of guaranteeing
that the receiver always has the next packet of data when the previous packet is consumed. The
receiver must also hold onto packets that arrive early so that they are available for playout at the
proper time.
The NetXpress system compensates for stream packet jitter through the use of a jitter buffer. The
system maintains a jitter buffer for each stream on the receive side. The buffer is sized so that the
buffering delay is greater than the maximum packet delay expected through the network. In the
NetXpress system, you specify the jitter buffer size in number of packets ranging from 8 to 128
(Section 4.4.5.1 – Stream Creation). The packetization interval of the stream controls the amount of
packet delay for which the jitter buffer can compensate. Increasing the number of TDM frames
contained in a packet increases the size of the jitter buffer as measured in time.
2.2.11
Packet/Stream Information Calculation
Table 2-1 represents an example of user and computed parameters for a NetXpress stream. The user
parameters represent user defined stream parameters. The computed parameters are for packet
information and network bandwidth based upon the user parameters. The table gives formulas for how
to derive computed parameters for a stream.
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Table 2-1. NetXpress Stream User and Computed Parameters
User Parameter
Number of TDM
Channels
TDM Frames per Payload
Jitter Buffer Size
(8 – 128 packets)
Computed Parameter
TDM Channel Data Rate
Packet Payload Size
Packet Interval
Packet Rate
Value
1
160
64
Value
64 kB/S
Number of TDM channels to transport in a stream
Number of TDM frames per payload (packet)
Configured jitter buffer size in packets
Description
Formula
Calculated TDM channel data rate in kB/S Number of TDM Channels x 64
160 bytes
Calculated payload size in each packet in
bytes
Number of TDM Channels x
TDM Frames per Payload
20 mS
Calculated packet interval (time between
packets) in mS
Number of TDM Frames per
Payload ÷ 8
Calculated packet rate for a stream in
packets/S
(1 ÷ Packet Interval) x 1000
50 packets/S
Jitter Buffer Delay
Description
640 mS
Calculated jitter buffer delay in mS
Jitter Buffer Size x Packet
Note: This delay assumes a receive queue Interval ÷ 2
of half the jitter buffer size
Ethernet Frame Size
242 bytes
Calculated Ethernet frame size in bytes = Packet Payload Size + 38 + 44
Packet Payload Size + Ethernet overhead
(38 bytes – no VLAN) + IP overhead (20
bytes IP + 8 bytes UDP + 16 bytes RTP)
Ethernet Stream Data
Rate
96.8 kB/S
Calculated Ethernet stream data rate in
kB/S *
Ethernet Frame Size x Packet
Rate x 8 ÷ 1000
IP Packet Size
204 bytes
Calculated IP packet size in bytes =
Packet Payload Size + IP overhead (20
bytes IP + 8 bytes UDP + 16 bytes RTP)
Packet Payload Size + 44
Stream Data Rate
81.6 kB/S
Calculated IP stream data rate in kB/S *
IP Packet Size x Packet Rate x
8 ÷ 1000
* In most instances, Ethernet overhead is stripped before the packet is transported over a WAN link.
However, in certain instances (such as Metro Ethernet networks that transport the entire frame); the
Ethernet overhead is left on the packet.
2.2.12
Stream Statistics
NetXpress stream statistics are receiver-based. The time interval for collecting stream statistics is
user-selectable (from 5-10 seconds for each stream). It is a good practice to review your stream
statistics on a regularly scheduled basis (Section 4.4.6.1 – Stream Statistics). You may be able to
modify your NetXpress system for optimum throughput, bandwidth efficiency, and reduced errors.
As an example, you may wish to alter the size of the jitter buffer if you are experiencing too many
lost, underrun, early, or late packets. Specifically, if you are experiencing too many late packets, you
might need to increase the jitter buffer size.
2.3 System Security
System security in the NetXpress system is controlled through login and password control, interface
protocol management enabling/disabling, an IP Access List, and the establishment and control of
SNMP Communities.
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2.3.1
2—Functional Design
NetXpress Logon
When you launch the Web server interface application in the NetXpress system, the system
immediately displays the logon screen (Figure 2-4). You must type the proper user name and
password to gain access to the NetXpress Web interface. Before it is configured, the NetXpress system
has a default user name of “admin” and default password of “admin” for the Web interface. Once you
have logged on, you can change the Web interface user name and password, as well as create user
names and passwords for FTP access (Section 4.4.7 – Set up Accounts for more information).
Figure 2-4. NetXpress Web-Interface Logon Screen
2.3.2
Management Protocols on an Interface
The NetXpress system comes with three Ethernet interfaces: WAN interface, LAN interface, and a
Management interface (MGMT). The management interface allows users to run all management traffic
on a separate network if desired.
By default, each interface accepts HTTP and SNMP protocols and allows FTP and Telnet sessions to be
established. You can use the interface screens in 4.4.4.1 - Network Interface Configuration to enable
or disable different protocols for each interface. Controlling protocols by interface enables you to
tighten security, block unwanted traffic, and ensure network privacy.
2.3.3
IP Access List Use
You can add security to your NetXpress installation by limiting access based on specific IP addresses
(Section 4.4.4.3 – IP Access List). You can also use the same networking configuration screen to
specify which interface can be used to gain access to the system.
2.3.4
SNMP Communities
An SNMP community is a group of hosts that you can manage as a distinct group with SNMP. A
community name must be used for all SNMP conversations to take place. The same name can be used
for a read-only community and a read-write community, or two different names can be specified to
restrict write-access to the system.
2.4 NetXpress QoS
Quality of Service (QoS) / Class of Service (COS) mechanisms can reduce flow complexity by mapping
multiple flows into a few service levels. Network resources are then allocated based on these service
levels and flows can be aggregated and forwarded according to the service class of the packet.
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2.4.1
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
COS Levels for Stream Data
The class of service level for a stream is established when the stream is created. The NetXpress
system offers four COS levels (high, normal, medium, low) for stream data (Section 4.4.5.1 – Stream
Creation). The classes are based on service priority; the higher the priority, the more immediate the
handling of the stream. For example, program audio is critical in many operations, so when a stream
is configured for program audio, you designate a high class of service level for that packet stream.
Conversely, a voice circuit might be considered less critical to operations, so you might specify a lower
COS level.
2.4.2
TOS Byte Marking for Outbound Stream Packets
In an IP network, all IP packets contain a field in the IP header called the Type of Service (TOS) byte.
The value of the TOS byte tells the network what quality of service needs to be applied to the packet.
You can define what the value of the TOS byte field should be for each of the four classes of service
supported by The NetXpress system for stream packets. The system places the appropriate TOS byte
value corresponding to the COS provisioned for a stream in every outbound data packet for that
stream (Section 4.4.3.8 – System TOS Byte Definitions). Since TOS byte value can be set to any value
per class of service, the NetXpress system can operate in networks using Differential Services
(DiffServ) QoS and networks employing the standard TOS interpretation for QoS.
2.4.3
User-defined TOS Byte Setting for Outbound SNMP and HTTP
Packets
In addition to supporting the TOS marking for stream data, the NetXpress system allows you to
configure the TOS byte value placed in all outbound SNMP and HTTP packets. This allows SNMP
management traffic and Web interface traffic to be handled in the network with a different class of
service than other packets.
2.5 NetXpress Internal TDM Busses
The NetXpress IP multiplexer uses up to four TDM busses to support data transfer for audio channels.
These busses can be configured to operate in T1 or E1 mode.
Note: All four TDM busses operate in the same mode; you cannot have some T1 busses and some
E1 busses.
When set for E1 mode, the TDM busses in the NetXpress system support CAS (channel associated
signaling) and CCS (common channel signaling). With CAS signaling, time slot 16 is always reserved
for telephone signaling. For all TDM busses, the data rate is fixed at 1.544 MHz (T1 mode) or
2.048MHz (E1 mode).
2.5.1
Compatibility with Intraplex TDM Channel Modules
Nearly all Intraplex TDM channel cards are compatible with the NetXpress IP multiplexer. Table 2-2
shows the modules currently supported.
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Table 2-2. NetXpress-supported TDM Channel Modules with Nominal Power
DA-191A
1.2
PR-D150
6.6
DA-191B
1.2
PT-150C
4.0
PT-D350
3.0
DA-91A
1.0
PR-150A
6.6
PR-D350
3.4
DA-91i
1.0
PR-150B
6.0
PT-D355
3.0
DS-64NC
2.5
PR-150C
6.0
PR-D355
3.4
D-100
3.0
PT-153
5.5
VF-15E
2.3
DS-562i
2.0
PR-153
5.5
VF-16AE
2.3
DS-961D
1.2
PTR-155
5.0
VF-16E
2.3
DS-961DE
1.2
PT-250
3.0
VF-25E
2.0
DS-961DF
1.2
PR-250
3.4
VF-27E*
2.0
DS-961DG
1.2
PTR-255
7.7
VF-28E
2.0
DS-965
1.2
PT-350
3.0
VF-29E
2.0
DS-966A
2.5
PT-350B
3.0
VF-15
2.3
DS-967
2.5
PT-350C
3.0
VF-16
2.3
OCU-DP
2.0
PR-350
3.4
VF-16A
2.3
PR-350B
3.4
VF-25
2.0
PR-350C
3.4
VF-27*
2.0
PT-353
3.0
VF-28
2.0
PR-353
3.4
VF-29
2.0
PT-355
3.0
VF-40
2.0
PT-355B
3.0
DV-600
5.0
PT-355C
3.0
DV-600A
5.0
PR-355
3.4
PR-355B
3.4
PR-355C
3.4
Data Modules
4.0
Module
Nominal
Power
(watts)
4.7
Voice Modules for E1
PT-150B
Nominal
Power
(watts)
PT-D150
Voice Modules for T1
4.7
High Fidelity
Program Audio
Modules–AES\EBU
Input / Output
PT-150A
Module
Secure
Digital
Voice
Modules
High Fidelity Program Audio Modules – Analog Input/ Output
Module
Nominal
Power
(watts)
* Neither the VF-27 nor VF-27E module supports or operates with E & M signaling in a NetXpress
system.
Channel modules require no configuration to use particular busses. However, you must configure
channel modules to use either the A or B side of the bus. Also, if the TDM busses are set for E1
operation, you must provision the bus itself to use CAS signaling and then provision every module on
the bus to inform it that CAS signaling is in use. Each of the 12 TDM chassis slots has its own frame
loss signal to tell the module to mute if there is a problem on the bus for that particular module.
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2.5.2
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
TDM Channel Loopbacks
Figure 2-5 shows the normal/default of No Loopback and the three Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)
channel loopback scenarios for channel cards and TDM busses: internal, external, and both.
Figure 2-5. TDM Loopback Scenarios
When the Internal Loopback is applied to a channel or an entire TDM bus, the channel module data is
copied back to the receive channel on that same TDM bus, as well as being transmitted to its IP
targets. You can set the Internal Loopback at any time. However, if a stream using the corresponding
time slot is activated or de-activated, the loopback is cleared.
When the External Loopback is applied to a channel or an entire TDM bus, the received data is
delivered to the channel module on that same TDM bus as well as being transmitted back out to its
originating source. The External Loopback for a time slot only succeeds if an active stream is currently
using that time slot.
You can apply both internal and external loopbacks simultaneously. This example shows loopbacks for
an entire bus, but you can also loopback individual channels within a bus.
2.5.3
TDM Bus Mapping
Each NetXpress TDM bus is connected by default to a virtual IP bus; this connection is bi-directional.
The NetXpress system sets bus mapping automatically based on the stream parameters. Section 2.2.5
– Media Switch Map and Section 4.4.3.6 – Media Switch Map give additional mapping information.
2.6 System Time-of-Day
With the NetXpress system, there are two ways to set the system time-of-day: 1) manually and 2) via
NTP (Network Timing Protocol) server. If you choose the latter method, you must use the Web server
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interface to enable NTP in the NIM Configuration – General Setup screen and provide the IP
address of the SNTP server (Section 4.4.3.1 – General Setup). The NetXpress system maintains the
time and date in a battery-backed time-of-day clock on the NIM-1 module.
2.7 System Timing
2.7.1
Types of System Timing
System timing is the process of synchronizing communications and stream traffic between two or
more NetXpress systems in a network. Time synchronization is critical to the proper functioning of the
NetXpress network. It must be configured correctly.
Primary and Secondary timing is configured via the Web interface using the System Timing screen
(Section 4.4.3.7 – System Timing). If primary and secondary timing fail, the system uses internal
timing. The NetXpress system provides three timing modes from which to choose: Internal, External,
or Stream. You must specify the timing source for both Primary and Secondary timing.
2.7.1.1
Internal Timing
Internal timing is derived from an extremely accurate internal oscillator on the Network Interface
Module (NIM-1). With a primary timing source, all NetXpress systems use timing that is traceable to
the same long-term accurate oscillator. In a NetXpress network, only the master NetXpress system
can use internal timing. Other NetXpress shelves in the network must use external or stream timing.
2.7.1.2
External Timing
External timing is derived from an external device that is traceable to a stratum-1 timing source (for
example, a public network WAN interface such as T1 or E1). External timing is input through a
connection to the Timing IN port on the MIU-201 or MIU-202. The external timing input accepts an
RS-422/RS-485 balanced clock signal. If external timing is selected as the primary timing source on
the master NetXpress system, external timing or stream timing must be selected for the subordinate
NetXpress systems.
2.7.1.3
Stream Timing
Stream timing is derived from the incoming packet stream. A timing stream must have a packet rate
of at least 8 pps (1000 frames/packet). Timing can be sourced through the RS-422 Timing OUT port
on the MIU-201 or MIU-202. This type of timing uses an algorithm inherent in the TDMoIP chip. In a
NetXpress network, only subordinate NetXpress systems can be set to stream timing mode. The
NetXpress master system monitors stream traffic and adjusts timing so that the subordinate shelves
are synchronized with the master clock frequency. As a general rule; the faster the packet rate, the
better the stream timing. With stream timing, jitter buffer size can be monitored and regulated to
avoid buffer underflow/overflow and negate the effect of packet delay variation. When a subordinate
system derives timing from the master, clock recovery algorithms are employed to align clock
frequency and control packet jitter/wander. Also, in order to recover timing from a stream, the stream
must be active and sending. It should be noted that networking or router problems can result in no
recovery of timing from a stream.
Note: When you configure several receive streams and use a stream as the timing source, we highly
recommend that the stream with the highest packet rate (such as the lowest frames per
payload value) be used as the primary timing stream.
2.7.1.4
SynchroCast3™ Timing
The SynchroCast3 system uses a simulcast technique which transmits to an extended geographic area
using multiple, overlapping transmitters operating on the same frequency. Historically, broadcasts
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from nearby transmitters on the same frequency have created serious reception problems where they
overlap. The SynchroCast system, originally developed for use in land mobile radio systems, makes
simulcasting possible in FM broadcast as well. The SynchroCast system can provide dramatically
increased station coverage while reducing or eliminating unwanted artifacts at the listener’s receiver.
The SynchroCast3 system in the NetXpress multiplexer maintains the phase alignment of the
transmitted signals using Global Position System (GPS) technology, providing
●
GPS controlled carrier frequency synchronization.
●
GPS controlled precision audio phase alignment.
●
Dynamic adjustments to compensate for network routing changes.
The SynchroCast3 system sends timing reference signals along with the audio content to the
transmitter sites. GPS receivers, placed at the Origination Point and transmitter sites, provide a timing
reference. At the Transmitter, timing signals coming from the Origination Point (along with the audio
content), are compared with the local timing reference and a precise amount of delay is introduced to
correct the timing difference between transport paths. Once the signals are synchronized, the system
operates automatically to keep the preset delay constant. The Intraplex SychroCast3™ System
Installation & Operation Manual gives more information.
The SynchroCast3 system carefully controls the receive jitter buffers associate with the IP streams,
allowing multiple locations to deliver their stream data at precisely the same instant. This is essential
for radios using multiple transmitters so that interference problems associated with them can be
minimized.
2.7.2
NetXpress Timing Scenarios
In a system that utilizes multiple NetXpress units deployed on an IP network, it is important to
maintain consistent synchronization of the internal NetXpress system clocks. This ensures that any
NetXpress system can receive streams generated by any other unit or a combination of streams from
any other units (Figure 2-6).
NetXpress
B
Multicast Audio
Stream 1
NetXpress
C
NetXpress
A
Audio Stream 2
NetXpress
D
NetXpress units at sites A and C must
have synchronized system clocks so
that the NetXpress unit at site D can
properly receive and process its two
incoming audio streams.
Figure 2-6. Timing Synchronization
NetXpress units can derive system timing in one of three ways:
1. An internal clock is available, based on a local oscillator within the unit (Internal Timing)
2. An external clock can be applied to the unit (External Timing)
3. An incoming IP unicast or multicast stream (Stream Timing), thereby synchronizing itself to the
NetXpress unit that generated the stream
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In simple point-to-point systems, it is common to use a combination of internal and stream timing.
Figure 2-7 shows the unit at site A is set to Internal Timing, utilizing its local internal oscillator. The
unit at Site B derives timing from the audio stream transmitted from site A to site B.
STREAM
TIMING
INTERNAL
TIMING
NetXpress
B
NetXpress
A
Figure 2-7. Point-to-point Timing Synchronization
The advantage of the configuration in Figure 2-7 is simplicity of implementation. No external timing
sources are required. This can be extended to multiple site systems by designating one site as the
master timing location and having the rest of the sites derive timing from that site. Figure 2-8 shows
such a system, with site A using internal timing and the remaining sites using stream timing to
achieve synchronization to site A.
STREAM TIMING
NetXpress
B
INTERNAL
TIMING
STREAM TIMING
NetXpress
C
NetXpress
A
STREAM TIMING
NetXpress
D
Sites B, C, and D use stream timing to
derive timing from master site A.
Figure 2-8. Stream Timing Synchronization
This method of timing distribution can be very simple and efficient in cases where programming
streams are emanating from one master site to all the remaining sites. However, programming may
be generated at multiple sites within the network, and these program source sites may not all receive
program streams from the master site that can be used as timing sources (Figure 2-9). In this
example, Site A is the master timing source, but site C does not receive a stream from site A and
therefore cannot synchronize its outgoing stream to the rest of the network. As a result, the two
streams received at site D utilize different synchronization sources and cannot be properly received
and decoded.
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STREAM TIMING
NetXpress
B
INTERNAL
TIMING
INTERNAL
TIMING
NetXpress
C
NetXpress
A
NetXpress
D
Site D cannot process both
incoming streams because they
have different timing sources.
Figure 2-9. Streams with Different Synchronization Sources
There are two possible solutions to this situation.
1. Receive a stream at site C from site A solely for the purpose of synchronization (Figure 2-6). The
cost of this is the additional bandwidth required in the network end-link to site C.
2. An alternative approach would be to utilize highly accurate external timing sources at sites A and
C to achieve network synchronization. One example would be a Stratum 1 traceable timing signal
from a telecom network provider. Another source of accurate external timing signals is a GPS
receiver, using GPS timing at the stream timing sites (Figure 2-10). This guarantees the two
streams received at site D have compatible timing, allowing site D to time from either incoming
stream.
STREAM TIMING
NetXpress
B
EXTERNAL
TIMING
GPS
EXTERNAL
TIMING
GPS
NetXpress
C
NetXpress
A
NetXpress
D
Site D can derive system timing
from either incoming steam.
Figure 2-10. Timing Synchronization with GPS
In this case, the fixed cost of purchasing and deploying GPS units at sites A and C can be traded
against the recurring cost of bandwidth to receive a timing stream at site C.
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2.7.2.1
2—Functional Design
Backup Timing
In networks that generate revenue-critical programming, it may be prudent to design backup timing
scenarios. Each NetXpress unit can be programmed to switch to an alternative timing source in the
case of primary timing signal loss. If the primary timing source is an incoming stream, for example,
the secondary source could be a different stream; either an audio stream or a dedicated timing
stream. Another scenario could use Stratum-1 or GPS as the primary timing source with stream timing
as the backup. Once again, the trade-off would be the one-time cost of GPS receivers or Stratum-1
timing sources vs. the recurring cost of bandwidth for the backup timing signal. If both the primary
and secondary timing sources fail, the NetXpress unit falls back to internal timing.
Sites that are receive-only can usually utilize stream timing since they only need to be synchronized
during the time they are receiving a stream. If receive streams at a receive-only site are changed
frequently, there could be an operational advantage to using external (stratum-1 or GPS) timing, in
that the operator would not need to consider whether or not a receive signal is present.
Certain receive sites may also generate off-air monitor streams back into the network (Figure 2-11). A
logical choice for timing in this network would be to use internal timing at site A and stream timing at
sites B and C. In this case, if the audio stream to site C is lost, the monitoring stream back from site C
is not properly timed for reception at other network sites. This can result in periodic jitter buffer
underflow or overflow at the receiver with each event causing a brief interruption or audio glitch. If it
is important to maintain smooth continuous reception of this off-air monitoring stream during periods
of primary stream loss, a source of external timing or a backup timing stream is needed at site C.
STREAM
TIMING
Audio Stream
INTERNAL
TIMING
Audio
NetXpress
B
Audio
Off-air monitor
audio
Monitor
Stream
Audio Stream
NetXpress
A
STREAM TIMING
Monitor
Stream
Audio
NetXpress
C
Audio
Off-air monitor
audio
Figure 2-11. Timing with Off-Air Monitor Streams
2.7.2.2
Timing Summary
NetXpress units that generate streams into the network should share a common timing reference to
guarantee that any NetXpress unit can receive or monitor any stream in the network. Stream timing,
external (Stratum-1 or GPS) timing, or a combination of the two can be used. In cases where audio
streams are already present and can be used as timing sources, stream timing is essentially “free.” If
a dedicated timing stream must be added, the recurring cost of the stream bandwidth can be traded
off against the one-time cost of implementing GPS receivers.
You should also consider timing failure scenarios. Ideally, a fallback timing source should be available
at each site that keeps that site in synchronization with the other sites even if its primary timing
source fails. Once again, the backup source can be either a stream or an external input (Stratum-1 or
GPS) with the corresponding cost trade-off.
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2.8 NetXpress System and FEC
The NetXpress system maintains uninterrupted audio transport by supporting Forward Error Correction
(FEC). Specifically, the NetXpress system supports RFC 2733 framework. Basically, forward error
correction is an error control process in data transmission where the source (transmitter) sends
redundant data and the destination (receiver) accepts only the data that contains no apparent errors.
An FEC packet is a special type of RTP packet. It is constructed by placing an FEC header and FEC
payload in the RTP payload.
In the NetXpress system versions 2.2 or higher, up to 32 streams (16 in each direction) can be
designated as FEC streams. For each of the FEC streams, you can specify either of two techniques for
forward error correction: FEC LOW or FEC HIGH (Section 4.4.5.1 – Stream Creation). This specification
affects the sender only. The receiver processes all FEC packets.
FEC LOW (appropriate for most low packet loss conditions)
Single error correction is engaged. This scheme introduces a 50% overhead (increased bandwidth
required) and can correct all single packet losses – consecutive packets are not lost.
FEC HIGH (used in more serious packet loss conditions)
Triple error correction is engaged. This scheme introduces a 100% overhead (increased bandwidth
required) and can correct one, two, or three consecutive packet losses. In this scheme, the sequence
of packets sent is critical if it is to protect against consecutive packet losses.
Table 2-3 shows NetXpress rate loss for both FEC low and FEC high options.
Table 2-3. NetXpress FEC Performance Data
Network Loss
Rate (%)
High FEC
Loss (%)
Low FEC
Loss (%)
1
0.0017
0.027
2
0.0023
0.085
0.0168
0.507
0.14
2.1
0.597
4.87
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
% High FEC Loss ((Lost packets / Rx packets) x 2) x 100
% Low FEC Loss ((Lost packets / Rx packets) x 1.5) x 100
2.9 Power
The NetXpress system supports redundant power supplies. You can install a main power supply and a
redundant supply in case the main supply fails. The system runs on either AC or DC power supplies,
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and it supports AC 200W and DC 150W power supplies. NetXpress also offers support for the NXPS48-DC 48 volt DC-DC converter and the NX-PS24-DC 24 volt DC-DC converter power supplies.
Section 3.9 – Power Supply Installation and 4.4.9 – View Power Supply Information give more
information on NetXpress power supplies.
2.10 Voice Signaling
Voice signaling communicates voice channel call progress information over a data link. The
information, known as ABCD bits (or E & M) includes busy, idle, or other ringing state indications to
alert the caller that a call is taking place. Two types of voice signaling are robbed-bit signaling (RBS)
and channel associated signaling (CAS).
2.10.1
RBS
T1 systems use the RBS method of channel associated signaling. This information is embedded into
the least significant bit of the audio channel once every 6th frame and injected into the channel
without regard to the remaining bits. Therefore, RBS does distort the voice audio signal so slightly that
you can only perceive it by distortion measurements. RBS signaling support should not be used on
channels carrying information other than voice audio as it corrupts the data in the channel.
2.10.2
CAS
E1 systems use CAS to carry voice call information. Instead of embedding this information in the same
channel as the voice audio, channel 16 of the E1 is reserved for all of the remaining channels to use
for signaling.
2.11 ObjectVideo® Software
ObjectVideo software empowers video systems to become intelligent by turning video into data.
Devices can then respond and issue alerts based on a variety of human and non-human events, such
as
●
Classifications of people and vehicles.
●
A person or vehicle breaking a perimeter.
●
A person leaving a bag unattended.
●
A person or vehicle loitering beyond a user-determined amount of time.
●
An object being taken/stolen.
The NetXpress system now acts as a remote analytics device along with video encoding. This includes
the software and tools to enable the ObjectVideo system, create/modify analytics rules, and
store/collect ObjectVideo alerts.
2.12 Network Interface Module (NIM) Redundancy
You can add an additional NIM/MIU set to your NetXpress multiplexer. This secondary NIM (which is
located in slot 15 of the NetXpress system) can be synced to the primary NIM (in slot 17), and the
secondary one can automatically or manually switch over from Standby to Active when the primary
has failed or been removed from the system.
With a redundant NIM, the NetXpress system offers these attributes:
●
Module failure redundancy
●
User control of failover
●
Automatic switchback from Secondary to Primary NIM with user configurable options
●
Manual switchover to Standby NIM
●
Automatic synchronization of configuration and load images
●
User control for disabling synchronization
●
MIU-202 module interface pair, used with secondary NIM
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Section 4.3 – Network Interface Module (NIM) Redundancy, Section 4.4.3.11 – Redundancy
Configuration, and Section 4.4.10 – Configure Primary/Secondary Network Interface Module (NIM)
give more details on configuring and operating a primary and secondary NIM (such as NIM
redundancy).
Note: NIM-1 Rev B10 or higher supports NIM-1 redundancy. For NIM redundancy, both NIM-1
modules need to be Rev B10 or higher.
You can use either two MIU-201 module interface units or the MIU-202 pair (MIU-202-1 and MIU-2022) to provide NIM redundancy. The MIU-202 pair provides connectivity for the both NIMs for
redundant support of external T1/E1 ports and external timing. With the MIU pair, the secondary NIM1 in slot 15 can become Active and access the T1/E1 interface ports used by the NIM-1 in slot 17. This
MIU functionality alleviates the need for an external line switch on the T1/E1 interface ports.
2.13 Software Download
When shipped from the factory, the NetXpress NIM-1 contains two identical software images, primary
and secondary, each located in different flash memory devices. During normal operation, the NIM-1
loads the primary image. Should it fail to boot the primary image, the NIM-1 then attempts to load the
secondary image.
In the case of a failure in loading both the primary and secondary image, you can configure the NIM-1
to load an image from a remote FTP server. This image is not saved to either of the flash memory
devices. You can also configure the NIM-1 to load the secondary image first, but if that fails, the NIM1 moves directly to loading from the remote FTP server and does not try to load the primary image.
The NIM-1 software can be upgraded by opening an FTP session with the NIM-1 and transferring a
new image file to one or both of the flash memory devices. You can configure both the primary and
secondary images to be loaded from the same flash memory device; there is no requirement for them
to be on different devices. In addition, you can store multiple software images on the NIM-1 up to the
limit of the flash memory. To obtain the software and boot ROM download process in the latest
version’s release notes, follow these steps:
1. Go to http://www.gatesair.com
2. Click Services and Support | Customer Support Portal.
3. At Customer Login, enter your User ID and Password.
4. At Self Service, click Download Software Updates.
5. At the Table of Contents, click Intraplex.
6. At the Intraplex: Table of Contents, click NetXpress.
7. Click the link for the latest version of the NetXpress software.
8. Click Save on the dialog box and save the zipped file to your hard drive.
9. Open the zipped file and open the release notes.
You can also obtain the latest copy of MIBs from this page on the Customer Support Portal as well.
2.14 Configuration Files Backup and Restoration
The NetXpress system has the ability to back up and restore configuration files at any time using
either the Web browser interface or SNMP software. NetXpress configuration is stored in multiple files
on the NIM-1 flash memory (/RFA/cfg). Backup/restoration ability is critical to replacing NIM-1
modules. It also facilitates in the replication of NetXpress systems across a network.
Once a NIM-1 is removed from a NetXpress shelf, the persistent configuration information for the
system remains with the NIM-1 and is not available to a new NIM-1 inserted in the system. This same
information can be restored quickly from an FTP server (via LAN or Internet) to the flash memory on
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the new NIM-1 module. It can also be backed up easily to the server using the same process, only in
reverse order. Restored configuration takes effect when the NIM-1 is rebooted. Restoring configuration
for a redundant NIM system follows a similar process.
2.15 Fault Detection and Reporting
With the use of SNMP traps, the NetXpress system has the ability to detect and report on a number of
alarm conditions.
2.15.1
Alarm Hierarchy
The NetXpress system has major and minor alarms. A major alarm is a fault that has a direct effect on
service, such as a component failure disrupting the delivery or reception of data. A minor alarm is a
fault that has no effect on service. This includes all other errors detected which do not affect
NetXpress operation.
The NetXpress system is also equipped with an alarm cutoff (ACO) device. The ACO is a momentary
push-button switch that can be pressed once to cut the external contacts and pressed a second time
to re-arm the external contacts.
System alarm states are visible in the form of colored lights on the front panel of the NetXpress power
supply modules and on the NetXpress Home page (Section 4.4.1 – Start at NetXpress Home Page). A
red light indicates a major shelf alarm. A yellow light indicates a minor shelf alarm. A green light
indicates no alarm condition exists.
2.15.2
Alarm History
Current alarms and alarm history can be reviewed from the NetXpress Home page. Go to Faults |
Alarm Table to display the Current Alarms screen or Faults | Alarm History to display the Alarm
History screen. Both screens contain this information:
●
A list of alarms
●
The dates and times the alarms occurred
●
The severity of the alarms
●
A description of each alarm occurrence
For the purpose of troubleshooting and future reference, alarm history in the NetXpress system can
also be off-loaded to a text file.
2.15.3
SNMP Traps Use for Fault Reporting
The NetXpress system uses SNMP traps to report system faults, stateful events and informational
events. Stateful events are considered ON/OFF alarm events. Informational events are non-alarm,
one-time-only events.
Equipment-related system events indicate a failure of the hardware on the NIM-1 or in the NetXpress
shelf. Processing-related system events indicate a failure was detected in software processing.
Facility-related system events indicate a failure occurred with one of the operation interfaces.
The available list of SNMP traps changes with each software version. The MIB supplied with your
version of NIM-1 application software gives a list of available SNMP traps.
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Section 3 – Installation, Wiring, and Setup
This section of the manual describes installation procedures and guidelines for the Intraplex NetXpress
IP multiplexer and covers these topics:
●
Tools and cable requirements
●
NetXpress equipment unpacking and installation
●
NetXpress shelf installation
●
NIM installation
●
MIU-201 or MIU-202 installation
●
TDM channel module installation
●
CAM installation
●
Power supply installation
●
Wiring and external connections
●
Unit powering
3.1 Tools and Cable Requirements
In addition to the equipment provided with your NetXpress system, we recommend these items to
complete the system installation:
●
Basic telecommunications installation tool kit (screwdrivers, wire stripper, and so forth)
●
Rack mounting hardware (four threaded bolts per shelf)
●
Cables for each payload channel module being installed
●
Optional: a volt-ohm milliameter (VOM)
3.2 NetXpress Equipment Unpacking and Installation
Upon receipt of your NetXpress system, complete these tasks:
●
Inspect all shipping containers for damage. If you observe damage, notify the shipping service as
soon as possible.
●
Unpack all equipment from containers.
●
Inspect equipment for damage.
●
Verify that the NetXpress IP multiplexer is equipped as expected, confirming items from the
packing list (Bill of Materials):
Chassis with rack mount is in good condition
One or two NIMs, one or two MIUs (depending on number of NIMs), and provided cables
Power supply, cables, and utilities
Channel modules, MAs, and provided cables
CD containing NetXpress Installation and Operation manual and Intraplex channel module
manuals
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Warning! Follow your company’s rules regarding AC powered equipment installation. If there is a
conflict between any procedure in this document and your company's safety rules, your
company’s safety rules must take priority.
3.3 NetXpress Shelf Installation
All channel access modules (CAMs), TDM channel modules, module interface units (MIUs), module
adapters, and power supplies plug into the main equipment shelf (Figure 3-1). These components
communicate with each other via the shelf backplane or motherboard, which contains signal (TDM and
Packet) and power distribution buses.
As a standard practice, NetXpress shelf units are shipped pre-configured with power, network interface
modules (NIMs), channel access modules, and TDM channel modules installed. All modules, module
adapters, and module interface units can remain in place while you install each shelf into its
designated equipment rack.
Consider these points for equipment shelf installation:
●
If applicable, bolt the shelf into the designated equipment rack. If shelves are to be stacked in a
rack, allow at least 1RU space between shelves to avoid possible heat problems.
●
Make sure all modules, module adapters, and module interface units are properly seated.
Note: If the shelf is AC powered, make sure the power cable can be accessed easily for maintenance
purposes.
To remove or install modules, you must first remove the front panel of the NetXpress shelf. Twist each
of the four thumbscrews to loosen them. Tighten or loosen the screws by hand.
Warning! When you remove the front panel to install or remove modules, make sure the NetXpress
chassis is grounded to the rack and observe proper anti-static procedures. There is a
chassis ground point located on the rear panel of the chassis (Figure 3-8). If the chassis
has not been mounted in a rack, you should wear a grounding wrist strap when
installing/removing modules.
3.4 NIM-1 Installation
The NetXpress multiplexer utilizes a NIM-1 module. Install this primary NIM (Figure 3-2) in slot 17 of
the NetXpress shelf. The connector on the NIM-1 prevents it from being installed in the wrong
orientation. The power indicators and other components are positioned to the right of the PC board,
closer to the shelf power supply.
Warning! Do not attempt to install a TDM channel module in slot 17 (for NIM-1), slots 13, 14, or 16
(for CAM slots), or slot 15 (for redundant NIM-1 or additional CAM). Attempting to install a
TDM channel module in one of these slots can result in damage to the module and/or the
NetXpress shelf midplane.
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LINK
TX/RX
100MB
JP5
LINK
TX/RX
100MB
JP7
JP8
LINK
TX/RX
100MB
LPBK
JP4
JP9
DIP
JP6
ACO
WAN
LAN
MGMT
LPBK
NIM-1 Front Board View
T1/E1
ACTIVE
A BC
STATUS
Figure 3-2. NetXpress NIM-1 Module and Indicator Lights
NIM-1 Top Board View
WANWAN, LAN
MGMT
C: When lit, 100MB rate for
LAN, or MGMT.
B
A
B: Tx/Rx, blinks to indicate data transmission for WAN, LAN, or MGMT.
ACTIVE
TIMG
LINK
Tx/Rx
100MB
LINK
Tx/Rx
100MB
LINK
Tx/Rx
100MB
ACO
A: WAN, LAN, or MGMT Link (active/inactive).
LPBK
ACO: Alarm Cut-Off button switch.
IP CFG
DFLT
STATUS
DIP: DIP switches used to set default IP configuration and user configuration.
T1/E1
LPBK: Indicates loopback enabled.
T1/E1: Green = good; yellow = minor fault; red = major fault.
TIM: Timing, green = good, yellow = secondary, red = backup, blinks until synchronized and then lit.
ACTIVE: Green when module is active, otherwise not lit.
STATUS: Green = good, red = hardware failure.
Note: The STATUS indicator light turns red briefly during power up.
Table 3-1 shows NIM-1 switch settings for S3 Switch 1 and Switch 2.
Table 3-1. NIM-1 Switch Settings (S3 Location)
Switch 1
Switch 2
OFF
OFF
Normal boot with existing configuration files.
OFF
ON
Boot with existing configuration files. Force the MGMT IP address to 192.168.1.1 and reset
the Web interface user name/password to “admin/admin”.
ON
OFF
Keep the IP address and route table configuration files. Move the rest of the configuration
files to the backup area and revert to the NIM’s default configuration.
ON
ON
Move all configuration files to backup area. Boot from the network backup server
192.168.1.10 using the MGMT IP address 192.168.1.1.
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Notes: When the NIM is inserted into the NetXpress chassis, pushing the dipswitches inward (towards
the backplane) changes the state from OFF to ON. Pushing the dipswitches outward (towards
the connector tab) changes the state from ON to OFF.
When the NIM boots from the Network backup server, it deletes its current configuration. It
does not copy the configuration to the backup area. You must save the configuration using the
Configuration Backup functionality or perform a Save CFG using the dipswitch value 1=ON and
2=OFF before booting from the network backup server.
3.5 Secondary NIM-1 Installation
If you choose, you can also install a secondary NIM (Figure 3-3). The NetXpress multiplexer utilizes a
secondary NIM for redundancy, which you install in slot 15 of the NetXpress shelf. This NIM-1 has the
same capabilities as the primary NIM.
Note: NIM-1 Rev B10 or higher supports NIM-1 redundancy. For NIM redundancy, both NIM-1
modules need to be Rev B10 or higher.
3.6 MIU-201 Installation and Connection with NIM-1
The MIU-201 module interface unit is installed into slot 17 on the back panel of the NetXpress chassis
and connects with the NIM-1 network interface module at the NetXpress midplane (Figure 3-3).
NIM-1
Shelf Midplane
MIU-201/MIU-202
F2
F1
F4
F3
F7
F8
F5
F6
JP9
JP10
LINK
TX/RX
100MB
JP5
LINK
TX/RX
100MB
JP7
JP8
JP4
ABCDEF
LINK
TX/RX
100MB
JP6
LPBK
JP1
JP12
JP4
JP9
JP5
JP6
Figure 3-3. NetXpress NIM-1 and MIU-201 Midplane Insertion
To connect the NIM-1 and the MIU-201, slide the NIM-1 module into slot 17 from the front of the shelf
toward the connector on the midplane (Figures 3-4 and 3-5). Slide the MIU-201 module from the rear
of the shelf toward the connector on the midplane. Do not exert too much pressure. Both modules
should fit snugly onto the pins of the corresponding midplane connectors.
3.7 MIU-202 Installation
The MIU-202 module is used with a secondary (that is redundant) NIM system to support failover of
external T1/E1 ports and external timing. The MIU-202 module interface unit comes in a pair. The
MIU-202-1 unit is installed in slot 17, while MIU-202-2 is installed in slot 15. After you install both
units, connect them with the external cable that was shipped in your order. After installation, you
need to connect the IP interfaces to the respective sub-networks of the MIU-202 pair, similar to the
MIU-201.
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3.8 TDM Channel Module and Channel Access Module
Installation
The NetXpress shelf can accommodate up to 12 TDM channel modules and 4 channel access modules
(CAMs). (Figure 3-4) Most existing Intraplex TDM channel modules are compatible with the NetXpress
multiplexer (Section 2.5.1 – Compatibility with Intraplex TDM Channel Modules).
Figure 3-4. Front View of NetXpress Shelf with Cover Removed
TDM channel modules can be installed in slots 1 through 12 of the NetXpress shelf. CAMs are designed
to be inserted into the connectors in slots 13, 14, 15, and 16. You could use slot 15 for a redundant
NIM-1 instead of a CAM. (The Intraplex NetXpress AVC-1 Installation and Operation manual gives
more information on video modules.)
Note: When installing any channel module, you must first install the module adapter.
3.8.1
Module Adapter Installation
Each TDM channel module requires an installed module adapter (MA) to provide an electrical interface
to external equipment. Before plugging a TDM channel module into the shelf slot, install the module’s
associated module adapter into the matching slot on the back of the chassis.
3.8.2
Remote Control Operation
Each TDM channel module includes a small switch labeled REMOTE. To allow remote management of
the TDM channel modules via the NetXpress Home page or SNMP, enable the REMOTE mode on each
module.
3.8.3
SCB Address Selection
In order to permit remote management of the TDM channel modules via the NetXpress Home page or
SNMP, you must assign a unique SCB address for each module installed into the NetXpress chassis.
For consistency and ease of identification, we recommend that you set the SCB address to match the
physical slot occupied by the channel module within the NetXpress chassis. Channel modules installed
into slots 1-6 have access to Bus 1 (TDM1A and TDM1B), while modules installed in slots 7-12 access
Bus 2 (TDM2A and TDM2B). Table 3-2 shows the switch positions required to assign the SCB address
to a TDM channel module.
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Table 3-2. SCB Switch Settings for TDM Channel Modules
SCB Switch Setting*
Card
Address
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
4
0
0
0
1
0
0
5
0
0
0
1
0
1
6
0
0
0
1
1
0
7
0
0
0
1
1
1
8
0
0
1
0
0
0
9
0
0
1
0
0
1
10
0
0
1
0
1
0
11
0
0
1
0
1
1
12
0
0
1
1
0
0
*
0 = OFF, 1 = ON
Note: Remove a module from the shelf when changing the SCB address.
3.8.4
Channel Module Insertion
To install a TDM channel module, orient the ejector tab toward the bottom of the shelf and slide the
module into the desired slot on the front of the shelf until it meets the connector on the front of the
midplane. From the rear of the shelf, slide the module adapter into the corresponding connector on
the back of the midplane.
Warning! Do not attempt to install TDM channel modules upside down. The Eject Tab (Figure 3-5)
should be at the bottom when the module is inserted.
Figure 3-5. Side View – TDM Channel Module and Module Adapter Insertion
Warning! Hot Insertion or Removal of a module adapter while a channel module is in place is not
recommended, as it could damage the channel module or the module adapter. To remove
a module adapter while the system is on (has power), first remove the associated channel
module. Similarly, to install a new channel module, first install the module adapter and
then install the module itself.
Verify that all modules (NIM-1, CAM, TDM channel modules, and power modules) are seated securely
in position.
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3.9 Power Supply Installation
The standard (main) power supply for the NetXpress IP Multiplexer is an 80-watt
universal AC powered supply. An optional (redundant) 200-watt universal AC
powered supply is available for applications with higher power requirements. Also,
150-watt DC Power supplies are available with -24 volts and input voltage of -48
VDC. On the front of the NetXpress chassis, the main power supply is on the far
right, and the redundant power supply—if present—is left of the main supply. See
Section 6 — “Specifications” for details on available power supplies.
Note: The NetXpress system allows for the combined use of AC and DC power
supply operation at the same time.
Power supply modules do not require a special setup procedure. If the power supply is seated properly
and external power is applied, it should operate as expected. Separate AC or DC mains feed each
individual power supply module for added redundancy.
Each NetXpress (3RU size) shelf is capable of supporting a second power supply for redundancy.
Should the main power supply fail, the system continues to operate using the redundant power
supply. Install a redundant power supply by simply inserting the second power supply into the slot
adjacent to the main power supply slot in the front of the shelf chassis.
The redundant power supply’s indicator lights function identically to the indicator lights on the main
power supply. Additionally, with dual supplies installed, a failed power supply can be removed and a
new supply inserted without turning off the system.
Some power supply models have fans and the capability to monitor and report
●
Voltage, both from the power supply side and the midplane side.
●
Temperature.
●
Fan speed.
●
Redundant supply for failure.
When a supply fails, all the lights on that supply go out, indicating a failure. The MINOR indicator light
of the redundant supply, if installed, is lit to show an alert state. Table 3-3 shows the system indicator
lights.
Note: When the system first comes on, the fans run at full speed temporarily and then slows down
to normal operating speed under the control of the NIM-1 module
Table 3-3. System Indicator Lights
Light
Normal
Definition
The overall system is functioning properly.
Major
Serious hardware/software operational error.
Minor
Abnormal hardware/software operation or malfunction.
ACO
Alarm cut off; relay contacts are disengaged. When active, the ACO indicator flashes.
Press the push-button switch on the front of the NIM to activate/deactivate the ACO.
Warning! Under heavy load conditions, power supplies can become extremely hot. Take caution
when handling NetXpress power supplies, and provide adequate ventilation.
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3.10 Wiring and External Connections
Note: Your NetXpress IP multiplexer must be completely wired before placing any payload circuit
into service. Installation and wiring should be performed ONLY by trained professionals.
3.10.1
Power Connections
Figures 3-6 and 3-7 show the rear panel connectors for the NetXpress equipment shelf. You can have
a NetXpress shelf with either AC power or AC/DC power.
Warning! To reduce the risk of fire, only use power conductors of No. 20 AWG or greater.
Figure 3-6. Rear Panel of NetXpress Shelf
3.10.1.1 AC Powered Systems
All NetXpress systems have two chassis connections for AC line cords located directly behind the
power supply modules on the rear of the system. Figure 3-7 shows the rear panel connectors for the
Intraplex NetXpress equipment shelf with AC power only.
The AC line input for the main power supply is located to the left, closest to the edge of the NetXpress
chassis. The AC line input connector located to the right supplies AC power to the redundant or backup
power supply module.
Figure 3-7. Connections for AC and AC/DC Operation
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On the rear of the NetXpress chassis, the main power supply is on the far left, and the redundant
power supply—if present—is right of the main supply. As there is no power switch on the NetXpress
shelf, do not connect powered AC line cords to the NetXpress chassis until you complete the wiring to
the network and channel modules. If you are using redundant power supplies, you need two power
cords.
A chassis ground connection is available on the rear panel (circled in red in Figure 3-8) just above the
ALARMS terminal. This needs to be connected to an appropriate system ground for safety.
1. Install the channel modules into the slots.
Note: The TDM Channel module may initialize in an “out-of-service” state, requiring activation
through the Web Interface or SNMP.
2. Verify that all modules (NIM-1, CAM, TDM Channel, and Power) are seated snugly.
3. If the shelf is AC powered, plug the AC line cord into the appropriate AC input connector. If you
have redundant AC supplies, plug both AC line cords into the appropriate AC input connectors.
4. If the shelf requires DC power, hook the appropriate wires to the DC terminal connector.
3.10.1.2 DC Powered Systems
If the NetXpress chassis contains factory-installed DC power supplies, a barrier terminal strip is
present on the rear panel for connections to the DC power sources. Figure 3-8 shows the rear panel
connectors for the Intraplex NetXpress equipment shelf with AC and DC power capability. Table 3-4
describes the terminals on the DC power input barrier strip.
Figure 3-8. Rear Panel of NetXpress Shelf
Metal bridging links are included on the DC barrier strip to connect both positive power terminal input
leads together and to link the negative power input leads together. This permits a single external DC
source to supply power to both the main and redundant supplies. If you wish to independently source
the main and the redundant supplies, you need to remove these bridging clips from the barrier
terminals.
You should install an external fuse in the DC-power line to protect the multiplexer. The fuse rating is
6.3A for -48 volt input or 10A for -24 volt input. Remove this fuse and do not replace it until you
complete the rest of the system wiring and are ready to turn on the system.
Warning! This fuse must be provided, both to protect the multiplexer and to provide a safe means of
removing power from a DC-powered shelf. Two are required for power-redundant systems.
1. Connect the +BAT A terminal to the positive terminal of the station battery.
2. A chassis ground connection is available on the rear panel just above the ALARMS terminal. This
needs to be connected to an appropriate system ground for safety.
3. Connect the –BAT A terminal to the negative terminal of the station battery.
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4. If you have dual power supplies for redundancy, repeat the process for +BAT A and then –BAT A.
Figure 3-9 shows single DC supply connections and Figure 3-10 shows DC connection operation with
dual source power setup.
Figure 3-9. Connection for DC Operation
Note: Jumpers between +BAT A and B / -BAT A & B (circled in red in Figure 3-9) are the Factory
Default configuration and are intended for use with a single DC power source. Be sure to
remove jumpers when using dual power sources.
Figure 3-10. Connection for DC Operation Using Dual Power Supply Setup
Note: Be sure to remove jumpers when using dual power sources.
3.10.2
Alarms
All NetXpress chassis include barrier strip connections to the system alarms (Figure 3-11). Table 3-4
includes details for each of the power and alarm connections on a NetXpress shelf.
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Figure 3-11. DC Power & Alarm Connectors
Table 3-4. Power and Alarm Connectors
Terminal
Description
+BAT A
This terminal and -BAT A serve as DC power input connections for a DC supply installed as
the primary or main supply. (DC systems only)
+BAT B
This terminal and -BAT B serve as DC power input connections for a DC power supply
installed as the redundant or backup power module. (DC systems only)
-BAT A
This terminal and +BAT A serve as DC power input connections for a DC supply installed as
the primary or main supply. (DC systems only)
-BAT B
This terminal and +BAT B serve as DC power input connections for a DC power supply
installed as the redundant or backup power module. (DC systems only)
ALARM: MINOR NO
Minor alarm condition, normally open contact*. This terminal electrically meets the MINOR
COM terminal when the system exhibits a minor fault or when the system has no power.
ALARM: MINOR COM
Minor alarm, common.* This terminal electrically meets the MINOR NO terminal when the
system exhibits a minor fault or the system has no power. Else this terminal will electrically
connect to MINOR NC.
ALARM: MINOR NC
Minor alarm condition; normally closed contact*. This terminal electrically meets the MINOR
COM terminal when the system has power and there is no minor fault exhibited. During a
minor alarm, this terminal is electrically isolated.
ALARM: MAJOR NO
Major alarm condition, normally open contact*. This terminal electrically meets the MAJOR
COM terminal when the system exhibits a major fault or when the system has no power.
ALARM: MAJOR COM
Major alarm, common.* This terminal electrically meets the MAJOR NO terminal when the
system exhibits a major fault or the system has no power. Else this terminal will electrically
connect to MAJOR NC.
ALARM: MAJOR NC
Major alarm condition; normally closed contact*. This terminal electrically meets the MAJOR
COM terminal when the system has no power and there is no major fault exhibited. During
a major alarm, this terminal is electrically isolated.
* When the shelf is not on (does not have power), all relays default to their alarm positions. Normally
open contacts are closed and normally closed contacts are open.
The NORMAL, ALARM:MINOR and ALARM:MAJOR are all mutually exclusive. If there is a minor or
major alarm condition present, the NORMAL indicator light on the NetXpress chassis is off, and the
MINOR (yellow) or MAJOR (red) indicator light is on, showing the degree of fault.
3.10.3
MIU-201 Connections and Wiring
The MIU-201 is the module interface unit for the NIM-1 module. All hardware networking connections
terminate at the MIU. The MIU has connections for
●
Two T1 or E1 networks.
●
Ethernet WAN, LAN, and MGMT (management) connections.
●
Network timing input and output.
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Contact closures.
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Serial craft port.
3—Installation and Wiring
3.10.3.1 MGMT Port
The MGMT port on the MIU-201 module (Figure 3-12) is an 8-pin RJ48 modular socket primarily used
for management access to the NIM-1 module. Use a standard Category 5 or better twisted-pair cable
to connect MGMT to an Ethernet switch. The port is auto-sensing, so you may use a straight-through
pinned or network crossover cable to connect MGMT directly to a Network Interface Card (NIC) of a
personal computer. Table 3-5 gives MGMT port pin assignment information.
Figure 3-12. NetXpress MIU-201
T1-E1 A/T1-E1 B: T1/E1 ports for circuit emulation over IP, used as customer ports for full or
fractional T1 or E1 data.
WAN/LAN: 10/100 BaseT Ethernet ports for network LAN/WAN communications.
Orange: Tx/Rx activity.
Green: Link activity.
TIMING IN/OUT: Timing IN/OUT ports for network stream synchronization.
CONTACTS: Contact I/O – future use.
SERIAL: Serial Port input/output – factory use.
MGMT: Management Ethernet port.
3.10.3.2 WAN Port
The WAN port on the MIU-201 is an 8-pin RJ48 modular 10/100BASE-T (10 or 100 Mbps) Ethernet
port. The NIM-1 uses the WAN interface for all stream traffic. When provisioned, the WAN port can
also be used for management access to the NIM-1 module. Use a standard Category 5 or better
twisted-pair cable to connect the WAN to an Ethernet switch. The port is auto-sensing, so you can
connect to uplink ports on a router as well as standard port connections. Table 3-5 gives WAN port pin
assignment information.
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Table 3-5. Pin Assignments for the LAN/WAN/MGMT Ports
Connector
Pin
Description
1
Transmit (+)
2
Transmit (-)
3
Receive (+)
4
Not used
5
Not used
6
Receive (-)
7
Not used
8
Not used
3.10.3.3 LAN Port
The LAN port on the MIU-201 is an 8-pin RJ48 modular 10/100BASE-T (10 or 100 Mbps) Ethernet
port. When provisioned on the NIM-1, the LAN port can act as a redundant WAN interface. Use a
standard Category 5 or better twisted-pair cable to connect LAN to an Ethernet switch. The port is
auto-sensing, so you can connect to uplink ports on a router as well as standard port connections.
Table 3-5 gives LAN port pin assignment information.
3.10.3.4 T1/E1-A Port
The T1/E1-A port on the MIU-201 is an 8-pin RJ48 modular synchronous T1 (1.544Mbps) or E1
(2.048Mbps) bidirectional interface for interconnection with external T1 or E1 based devices or
networks. Use an EIA/TIA T568A or T568B wired Category 5 or better twisted-pair cable to connect
T1/E1-A to the external T1 or E1 circuit or equipment. Do not use USOC wired cabling for this
connection, as the pairs are not twisted in the required combinations. Table 3-6 gives T1/E1 port pin
assignment information.
Table 3-6. Pin Assignments for the T1/E1 Ports
Connector
Pin
Description
1
Receive from network, ring
2
Receive from network, tip
3
Not used
4
Send towards network, ring
5
Send towards network, tip
6
Not used
7
Frame ground (transmit)
8
Frame ground (receive)
3.10.3.5 T1/E1-B Port
The T1/E1-B port on the MIU-201 is an 8-pin RJ48 modular synchronous T1 (1.544Mbps) or E1
(2.048Mbps) bidirectional interface for additional interconnections with T1 or E1 based devices or
networks. Use an EIA/TIA T568A or T568B wired Category 5 or better twisted-pair cable to connect
T1/E1-B to the external T1 or E1 circuit or equipment. Do not use USOC wired cabling for this
connection, as the pairs are not twisted in the required combinations. Table 3-6 gives T1/E1 port pin
assignment information.
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3.10.3.6 Timing Ports
The MIU-201 also includes separate 6-pin RJ-11 ports for timing input and timing output. The timing
input is a balanced RS-422/RS-485 signal for both the Timing In and the Timing Out. The Timing Out
connector supplies an external T1 (1.544Mbps) or E1 (2.048Mbps) timing source to synchronize other
equipment. The Timing In connector may be linked to an external T1 or E1 clock source to provide
network timing for the NIM-1. Tables 3-7 and 3-8 gives pin assignment information specific to MIU201 external timing in and timing out ports.
Table 3-7. Pin Assignments for the MIU-201 External Timing In Port
Connector
Pin
Description
1
External timing in positive (+)
2
External timing in negative (-)
3
Not used
4
Signal ground
5
Not used
6
Not used
Table 3-8. Pin Assignments for the MIU-201 Timing Out Port
Connector
Pin
Description
1
External timing out positive (+)
2
External timing out negative (-)
3
Signal ground
4
Signal ground
5
Not used
6
Not used
3.10.3.7 Redundancy for IP
If you have a redundant NIM and are using NetXpress for IP connections only, you can install an MIU201 for each NIM. The MIU-202 pair provides redundancy support for external T1/E1 ports as well as
an external timing port.
3.10.4
MIU-202 Connections and Wiring
The MIU-202 pair has the same connections as the MIU-201. After installing and connecting the MIU201-1 and MIU-202-2, connect them with the shipped cable so that automatic failover (switching
operation from one NIM to the other) occurs without the need for manually unplugging and plugging
cables between the MIU-202s.
3.11 Unit Powering
1. Verify that all modules (NIM-1, CAM, TDM Channel, and Power) are seated snugly.
2. If the shelf is AC powered, plug the AC line cord into the appropriate AC input connector. If you
have redundant AC supplies, plug both AC line cords into the appropriate AC input connectors.
Note: Before plugging in the AC line cord(s), make sure the socket-outlet is near the NetXpress
chassis and easily accessible.
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3. If the shelf is DC powered, turn on the DC input power at the fused power distribution panel.
4. Verify that all four system indicators turn on for each installed power supply. The MAJOR (red)
light stays on until the NIM is fully operational. After initialization, the NORMAL (green) light turns
on and the MAJOR light turns off.
Note: Some newly installed TDM channel modules may initialize in an “out-of-service” state and may
cause the MINOR alarm light to remain lit. Section 4.2 – NetXpress Configuration Procedures
gives information for clearing MINOR alarm conditions on a module-by-module basis.
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Section 4 – System Configuration and Operation
This section gives
●
Configuration procedures to set up your NetXpress system.
●
Configuration options available for your NetXpress system.
●
An explanation of how changes to your system and component settings affect your system’s
operation and performance.
●
Page by page descriptions of the NetXpress Web browser interface.
4.1 Software Downloads
4.1.1
Download Current Software
When shipped from the factory, the NetXpress system has the latest software already installed. You
should periodically check updates to assure you continue to have the latest version of the NetXpress
software. To obtain the software and boot ROM download process in the latest version’s release notes,
perform these steps:
1. Go to http://www.gatesair.com.
2. Click Services and Support | Customer Support Portal.
3. At Customer Login, enter your User ID and Password.
4. At Self Service, click Download Software Updates.
5. At the Table of Contents, click Intraplex.
6. At the Intraplex: Table of Contents, click NetXpress.
7. Click the link for the latest version of the NetXpress software.
8. Click Save on the dialog box and save the zipped file to your hard drive.
9. Open the zipped file and open the release notes.
10. Repeat the previous two steps to download the latest version of the MIBs and MIB overview as well.
Warning! You cannot navigate in the NIM (network interface module) pages or configure either the
primary NIM (in slot 17) or secondary NIM (in slot 15) while programming the boot ROM for
either NIM. Do not put either NIM out of service during this programming time. When a NIM
goes out of service while programming the boot ROM, the NIM is permanently damaged
and must be replaced.
4.1.2
Download Current Software with NIM Redundancy
If you are an existing customer with a single NIM NetXpress system and want to upgrade to the
redundant system, perform the procedures outlined in the release notes. Upgrading software to an
existing redundant system is automatically handled by the system. When the new software is transferred
to the current active NIM, the system automatically transfers it to the standby NIM. Therefore, this
process looks exactly like that of a single NIM system.
Note: NIM-1 REV B10 or higher supports NIM-1 redundancy. For NIM redundancy, both NIM-1 modules
should be REV B10 or higher.
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4.2 NetXpress Configuration Procedures
After you confirm your equipment order and make any needed installations (Section 3.3 – Intraplex
NetXpress Equipment Unpacking and Installation) perform these configuration procedures.
4.2.1
Connect and Log On to Access NetXpress Home Page
1. Connect a PC directly to the Ethernet MGMT port on the MIU-201 or MIU-202.
Note: The MIU automatically senses the media type and you may use a cable wired as straightthrough or a cross-over cable for this connection. Auto-negotiation is the default and your PC must
also be set up to auto-negotiate its IP connection.
2. Configure the IP address on the PC to be 192.168.1.10 using netmask 255.255.255.0.
3. Open your Web browser and access the NetXpress multiplexer using the default IP Address
192.168.1.1 for MGMT.
4. A prompt appears requiring you to type a user name and password to access the NetXpress Web
Interface. Type the default User name = “admin” and Password = “admin”.
5. Click OK. If the credentials are accepted, the NetXpress Home page appears (Figure 4-1).
Figure 4-1. NetXpress Home Page
When you initially connect to the NetXpress system, this Home page appears, showing an overview of
the modules installed in the multiplexer. The NetXpress Release system software revision number
appears in the upper left of the window. Compare this installed version with the available updates
mentioned in Section 4.1 – Software Downloads to assure you are running the most recent version. The
downloadable update packages also include installation instructions.
4.2.2
View System Mode
The operating System Mode also appears in the upper left of the Home page.
4.2.2.1
System Mode:
E1
In this configuration the two electrical interfaces (“T1-E1 A” and “T1-E1 B”) communicate using E1 line
coding, formats and date rates (2.048Mbps) and all four of the NetXpress busses (TDM1A, TDM1B,
TDM2A and TDM2B) run at 2.048Mbps. Installed TDM Channel Modules also need to be E1 compatible in
order to operate properly. E1 mode does not support VF-15, VF-16A, VF-25, or VF-28 voice modules.
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4.2.2.2
System Mode:
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
T1
In this configuration the two electrical interfaces (“T1-E1 A” and “T1-E1 B”) communicate using T1 line
coding, formats and date rates (1.544Mbps) and all four of the NetXpress busses (TDM1A, TDM1B,
TDM2A and TDM2B) run at 1.544Mbps. Installed TDM Channel Modules also need to be T1 compatible in
order to operate properly. T1 mode does not support VF-15E, VF-16AE, VF-25E, VF-28E voice modules.
You can change the System Mode using the TDM Bus Information page, covered in 4.4.3.5.
4.2.3
Perform General Setup
To set up delivery of data, voice, or other information from one device to another through the NetXpress
system, review each of the next topics.
4.2.3.1
Networking
You need to change each network interface from its default IP address to the target IP address that is
appropriate for your network. The defaults IP address assigned to the network interfaces are
●
192.168.1.1 for the MGMT interface. This can remain unchanged if you only use a direct cable
connection on the MIU-201. You can enable remote management on the WAN interface.
●
192.168.2.1 for the WAN interface. You need to change the default WAN interface IP address to
permit inter-networking of multiple NetXpress chassis. The WAN interface requires a static IP
address. Dynamic addressing of the WAN interface (DHCP) is not supported.
●
192.168.3.1 for the LAN interface. You need to change the default LAN interface to permit internetworking of multiple NetXpress chassis. The WAN interface requires a static IP address. Dynamic
addressing of the WAN interface (DHCP) is not supported.
Changes to network interfaces are made using the Network Interface Configuration page (Section 4.4.4 –
Configure the Network).
4.2.3.2
Routing
Routing is necessary when the path to the destination IP address is not apparent or not within the same
local subnet as the originator. To add routing information to the NetXpress system:
1. Point to Networking and click Forwarding. The IP Routing Table appears (Figure 4-2).
Figure 4-2. Networking | IP Routing Table
2. Click
on the IP Routing Table header. The Create A New Route page appears (Figure 4-3).
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Figure 4-3. IP Routing Table | Create a New Route Page
3. Type the IP Destination.
4. Type the associated Network Mask.
5. Type the Gateway IP address to be used to access this network.
6. At Type, click the interface through which this network is to be accessed by the NetXpress system.
7. Click Create.
4.2.3.3
IP Access List
Only perform these steps as a security measure to lock down the system after setup.
1. Point to Networking and click IP Access List (Figure 4-4).
Figure 4-4. Networking | IP Access List
2. Click
4-5).
on the IP Access List table header. The Create IP Access List Entry page appears (Figure
Figure 4-5. IP Access List | Create IP Access List Entry Page
3. Click the Interface to customize (MGMT, WAN, or LAN).
4. Type the IP Address of the host to allow access.
5. Click Submit.
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4.2.3.4
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
T1/E1 System Mode Selection
The default NetXpress system mode setting is E1. Perform these steps to set the NetXpress system to T1
mode.
1. Click System Cfg | TDM Bus Config. The TDM Bus Information page appears (Figure 4-6).
Figure 4-6. System Cfg | TDM Bus Information Page
2. At Configured System Mode, click the T1 option.
3. Click Submit.
4. Click System Cfg | Software Load Image. The Software Load Image Configuration page
appears (Figure 4-7).
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Figure 4-7. System Cfg | Software Load Image Configuration Page
5. Change the Primary FPGA Image Filename to a T1 FPGA file name.
6. Click Submit.
7. Click Reset Module.
To change the system setting from T1 to E1, repeat these steps, clicking the E1 option in Step 2 and
changing to an E1 FPGA file name in Step 5.
4.2.3.5
T1/E1 Interface
Perform these steps to configure your T1/E1 ports and put them in service.
1. Point to System Cfg and click T1 Interface/E1 Interface.
2. Click
on the Port A row. Either the T1 Interfaces Table or the E1 Interfaces Table appears,
depending on whether your NetXpress system is set for T1 or E1 (Figure 4-8).
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Figure 4-8. System Cfg | Interfaces Table – Port A Configuration
3. At Configuration for Port A, type the Circuit Identifier.
4. To enable one of the Local Loopback Modes, click the appropriate option (Payload, Line, or
Equipment; default is None).
5. Click the appropriate Line Coding option for your circuit. (T1 default is B8ZS, E1 default is HDB3).
6. Click the appropriate Framing Type (T1 default is ESF, E1 default is (CAS) with CRC).
7. For T1 interface, click the Line Build Out (-7.5dB, -15dB, -25dB, default is 0dB) to configure the
line build out according to the specifications from your T1 service provider.
8. To generate an SNMP trap when the circuit changes state, select the Enable Traps On Line Status
Change check box.
9. For enhanced performance, select the Use Robust Framing check box.
10. Click Submit.
11. Click
on the Port B row.
12. Repeat the previous steps from the Port B row to configure Port B and put it in service.
4.2.3.6
Stream Creation – TDM to TDM
1. Click Streams on the navigation bar (Figure 4-9).
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Figure 4-9. Streams Page
2. Click
4-10).
on the Streams table header. The Stream Creation – Stage 1 page appears (Figure
Figure 4-10. Streams | Stream Creation – Stage 1 Page
3. On the Stage 1 page, perform these steps:
a.
b.
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Type a unique Stream Name.
At Stream Type, click the TDM to TDM option. The Stream Direction options change to One
Way and Both (Figure 4-11).
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Figure 4-11. Streams | Stream Creation – Stage 1 (TDM to TDM) Page
c.
d.
At Stream Direction, either accept the default (One Way) or click the Both option to receive
and transmit.
Click Next. The Stage 2 page appears (Figure 4-12).
Figure 4-12. Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to TDM) Page
4. On the Stage 2 page, perform these steps:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Click a Source TDM Bus for the stream (TDM 1A, TDM 1B, TDM 2A, TDM 2B, T1/E1 Port A,
T1/E1 Port B).
Click the Destination TDM Bus for the stream (TDM 1A, TDM 1B, TDM 2A, TDM 2B, T1/E1
Port A, T1/E1 Port B).
Type the Source TDM Channel Start (default is 1).
Type the Destination TDM Channel Start (default is 1).
Type the Source TDM Channel Range (default is 1).
Type the Destination TDM Channel Range (default is 1).
If applicable, select the Enable Voice Signaling check box.
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h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
4—System Configuration and Operation

If you selected the check box, go to h.

If you did not select the check box, go to j.
(Visible when Enable Voice Signaling check box is selected) Select the Voice Card Used from
the drop-down list or select Enter signaling insertion byte to type a byte value.
(Visible when Enable Voice Signaling check box is selected) This field is populated based on the
voice card selected. If you selected Enter signaling insertion byte from the Voice Card Used
drop-down list, type the value here.
At the Stream Program Type list, click Linear Audio/Voice for linear modules (the default is
Compressed Audio/Data). The Packet Underrun Byte is automatically set by the Stream
Program Type. To set the underrun byte amount yourself, click Enter underrun value
manually and then type the Packet Underrun Byte.
Click appropriate number slots to set the Frameloss Mask (a number slot becomes yellow when
selected). Section 4.4.5.1 Stream Creation gives more information on frameloss masking.
Click Next. The Summary page appears (Figure 4-13).
Figure 4-13. Stream Creation Summary (TDM to TDM) Page
5. On the Summary page, note the settings. If you need to change any, click Prev until you reach the
appropriate page and make your changes.
6. When the stream variables are correct on the Summary page, click Create & Activate to create the
stream and put it in service.
4.2.3.7
Stream Creation – TDM to IP
1. Click Streams.
2. Click
on the Streams table header.
3. On the Stage 1 page, perform these steps:
a.
b.
c.
d.
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Type a unique Stream Name.
At Stream Type, click the TDM to IP option.
At Stream Direction, click an option if different than Receive (Transmit or Both; default is
Receive).
Click Next. The Stage 2 page appears (Figure 4-14).
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Figure 4-14. Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to IP) Page
4. On the Stage 2 page, perform these steps:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
For Forward Error Correction, click the Low or High option.
For a Transmission Type other than Unicast, click Multicast; default is Unicast).
For voice signaling, select the Enable Voice Signaling check box.
If echo cancellation is installed and needed for this stream, select the Enable Echo Cancellation
check box. (This check box does not appear if no echo cancellation is installed.)
Type the Statistics Measurement Interval if different than 5 (default is 5).
Click Next. The Stage 3 page appears (Figure 4-15).
Figure 4-15. Stream Creation – Stage 3 (TDM to IP) Page
5. On the Stage 3 page, perform these steps:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Type the Destination IP Address.
Type the Local UDP Port.
Type the Remote UDP Port.
For a CoS Priority other than Normal, click an option (Low, Medium, or High; default is
Normal).
To change the packet Time to Live (TTL) time period, type a number at Egress IP Pkts. TTL
(default is 5).
Click Next. The Stage 4 page appears (Figure 4-16).
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Figure 4-16. Stream Creation – Stage 4 (TDM to IP) Page
6. On the Stage 4 page, perform these steps:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
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Click appropriate number slots to set the Frameloss Mask (a number slot becomes yellow when
selected).
For a TDM Bus other than TDM Bus 1A, click a bus from the list (TDM Bus 2A, TDM Bus 1B,
TDM Bus 2B, T1/E1 Port A, T1/E1 Port B; default is TDM Bus 1A).
Type the TDM Bus Starting Channel (default is 1).
Type the TDM Bus Channel Range (default is 1).
Type the TDM Bus Frames per Packet (default is 200).
For Jitter Buffer Size packets other than 32, click a number from the list (8, 16, or 64; default
is 32).
At the Stream Program Type list, click Enter underrun value manually or Linear
Audio/Voice or accept the default: Compressed Audio/Data.
If you selected Enter underrun value manually, type a number for Packet Underrun Byte.
Click Next. The Summary page appears (Figure 4-17).
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Figure 4-17. Stream Creation Summary (TDM to IP) Page
7. On the Summary page, note the settings. If you need to change any, click Prev until you reach the
appropriate page and make your changes.
8. When the stream variables are correct on the Summary page, click Create & Activate to create the
stream and put it in service
4.2.3.8
System Timing Configuration
1. Point to System Cfg and click System Timing (Figure 4-18).
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4—System Configuration and Operation
Figure 4-18. System Cfg | System Timing Page
2. Click a selection from the Primary Timing Source list for the NetXpress shelf (Internal, External,
Stream, E1/T1 Port A, E1/T1 Port B, Synchrocast).
Notes: You cannot change stream timing if the stream is currently active.
If you selected Stream timing, click an available Primary RX Timing Stream from the list.
The stream is not available if it is in service. (You must have a configured stream available.
Section 4.4.5 – Configure Streams gives additional information.)
3. If you selected External timing, connect a timing cable from the external clock source to the Timing
In on the MIU-201.
4. Click Submit.
Note: It may take 1-2 minutes for the multiplexer to register the new system timing and the Normal
green light to turn on. The multiplexer may continue to report an alarm (Major red light) or alert
(Minor yellow light) until it has successfully synchronized to the new system timing.
5. After configuring the peer to this NIM-1 in another chassis, verify the current operational status (up,
down) of the primary timing source.
4.2.3.9
SNMP Community
You only need to perform this procedure if you use SNMP. Section 2.3.4 – SNMP Communities gives more
information. If you only use the NetXpress software, this procedure is not necessary.
1. Point to Networking and click SNMP. The SNMP Configuration page appears (Figure 4-19).
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Figure 4-19. Networking | SNMP Configuration Page
2. Type the SNMP Read-Only Community name for read-only access.
3. Type the SNMP Read-Write Community name for read/write access.
4. Click Submit.
4.2.3.10 Configuration Backup/Restore
You can operate the NetXpress multiplexer without performing this procedure. However, we recommend
you save your configuration files.
1. Point to System Cfg and click Configuration Backup (Figure 4-20).
Figure 4-20. System Cfg | Configuration Files Backup/Restore Page
2. Type the Config Backup Server IP address, the address of an available FTP server.
3. Type the Config Backup Server Directory where the configuration files should be stored.
4. Type the Username.
5. Type the Password.
6. Click Submit to store these values.
7. Click
on the Streams table header to back up the configuration files to the server.
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4.3 Network Interface Module (NIM) Redundancy
4.3.1
Redundancy Terms
In all manual discussions, guidelines, and procedures regarding redundancy, remember these terms and
their definitions:
●
Primary NIM: The NIM in slot 17.
●
Secondary NIM: The NIM in slot 15.
●
Active NIM: The role of a NIM currently providing operational services, either the Primary or
Secondary NIM.
●
Standby NIM: The role of a NIM that is either synchronized with or in process of synchronizing with
the Active NIM and can take over the role of Active NIM. The Standby NIM can be either the Primary
or Secondary NIM.
●
Switch to Standby NIM: When the current Active NIM fails, the Standby NIM changes its role to
Active.
●
Switch back to Primary NIM: When the Active NIM in the Secondary slot (in slot 15) fails, the
Standby NIM in the Primary slot (in slot 17) takes over as the Active NIM.
4.3.2
Redundancy Capabilities
You can have two NIMs in a NetXpress system, one in slot 17 (called the Primary NIM) and the other in
slot 15 (called the Secondary or Redundant NIM). NIM redundancy gives you these capabilities:
●
Module failure redundancy – When the Active NIM fails, or you take it out of service, or you physically
take the module out of the slot, the Secondary NIM automatically takes over.
●
User control of failover – You can set the administrative state of the Standby NIM to Out of Service so
that, if the Active NIM fails, the Standby NIM does not take over. As long as there are two NIMs in
the system, the Out of Service NIM does not take on the role of Active NIM.
●
Automatic switchback from Secondary to Primary NIM with user configurable options – You can
configure conditions regarding when the Primary NIM takes over for the Secondary NIM.
●
Manual switchover to Standby NIM – You can manually switch the Standby NIM over to an Active
role.
●
Automatic synchronization of configuration and load images – You can set the NIM to automatically
synchronize so that whatever configurations occur on the Active NIM also occurs on the Standby NIM.
●
User control for disabling synchronization – You can turn off the automatic synchronization and
manually synch the NIMs.
●
MIU-202 module interface pair – This module pair is used when you have a secondary NIM, with the
MIU-202-1 installed in slot 17 and the MIU-202-2 installed in slot 15.
4.3.3
Redundancy Synchronization
When the system starts up, it first determines which NIM is Active and which is Standby. If both NIMs are
functional at startup, the Primary NIM (in slot 17) becomes Active. The Active NIM starts up normally
with the stored configuration.
You can decide whether the NIMs are automatically synchronized or not. The auto-sync option is disabled
(turned off) by default. When you enable auto-sync, the NIMs are synchronized, so the system copies
configuration and load images from the Active NIM to the Standby NIM. Therefore, when you start up
(give power to) the system, the Standby NIM synchronizes its load image files and then its configuration
files to those of the Active NIM.
Note: The standby NIM is not in a Ready state until it completes synchronizing its load image files and
its configuration files. During the load image synchronization stage, the Standby NIM may restart
automatically if it needs to install another image file.
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When you upgrade the application and boot ROM on the Active NIM, all changes on the Active NIM are
automatically copied to the Standby NIM. Also, whenever a change occurs in the system, such as a
channel module configuration change or a stream put in service or out of service, that change is copied
from the Active NIM to the Standby NIM. Even when you place Standby NIM Out of Service, any changes
in the Active NIM are copied to the Standby NIM.
Conversely, if auto-sync is disabled, the Standby NIM does not copy information from the Active NIM.
When you start up (give power to) the system and auto-sync is disabled, the Standby NIM does not
compare its information to the Active NIM and copy anything that is different. When you upgrade the
application and boot ROM on the Active NIM, no changes occur on the Standby NIM. When a change
occurs in the system, no changes occur on the Standby NIM.
You can manually synchronize the Standby NIM as well. When you manually synchronize the Standby
NIM, all changes on the Active NIM are copied to the Standby NIM. Make sure you want all changes in the
Active NIM copied to the Standby NIM as well before enabling auto-sync. Determine whether you want to
control synchronization between the NIMs and manually sync them or allow the system to synchronize
them by auto-sync.
The Activity indicator light on the Standby NIM displays various colors and patterns during and after
synchronization. This light is not visible behind the NetXpress cover. If you usually keep the cover on
your NetXpress system, skip to 4.4 – NetXpress Pages.
The Activity indicator light turns yellow when the Standby begins to synchronize files. It might remain
yellow from a few seconds to a few minutes, depending on the number and size of files to be copied from
the Active to the Standby. If auto-sync is enabled, whenever a configuration file changes on the Active
NIM, the Activity light on the Standby turns yellow while the file is being copied, usually 1-2 seconds.
When larger files (such as software load image files) are copied, the yellow light stays on as long as the
files are being copied, sometimes several minutes.
After the Standby NIM initials starts up and syncs, or after you manually sync the Standby NIM, the
Activity light blinks in one of three patterns of colors:
●
Ready: three short green blinks, pause, three short green blinks, pause, three short green blinks.
This means the Standby NIM is operating with the auto-sync enabled, it has completed
synchronization with the Active NIM, and it is ready to take over as Active NIM if it needs to.
●
Ready-Not-Synced: three short yellow blinks, pause, three short yellow blinks, pause, three short
yellow blinks. This means the Standby NIM is operating with the auto-sync disabled but the Standby
has completed booting with the files it has. If it needs to take over as Active NIM, it uses the files it
has, which may not be the same files as those on the presently Active NIM.
●
Error: five short red blinks, pause, five short red blinks, pause, five short red blinks. The
synchronization failed in some way. The Standby NIM is not synchronized with the Active NIM. If the
Active NIM fails, or you take it out of service, or you physically take the module out of the slot, the
Standby NIM may or may not be able to take over.
4.4 NetXpress Pages
4.4.1
Start at NetXpress Home Page
The starting point for all system configuration activity is the NetXpress Home page (Figure 4-21). The
Home page provides user access to configuration pages at the system level and at the individual module
level. It also provides a mechanism for controlling account security and individual user access.
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Figure 4-21. NetXpress Home Page
Use the navigation pane (left of the Home page) to move between pages. Each menu accesses one or
more pages.
Home: The NetXpress Home page.
Faults: Various alarm pages.
System Cfg: System configuration pages.
Networking: Networking parameters pages.
Streams: View and manage data streams.
Performance: View and manage system performance data.
Accounts: Account security settings/user access.
Utilities: The Ping Utility page.
The blank gray slots on the page indicate places for additional modules, Network Interface Module (NIM),
or power supplies. The populated slots indicate modules, NIM, and power supplies presently on the
NetXpress multiplexer. The top of a module slot shows the TDM bus associated with the module and the
SCB address of the module.
Note: The address shown for each module is the SCB address, not the physical slot address. Although
not necessary, it is a good practice to set the SCB address (via dip switches on the module) to
match the physical slot address in the shelf. The installation section of each channel module’s
Installation and Operation manual gives module-specific dip switch settings.
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4.4.1.1
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
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NetXpress Channel Modules
The background of a module slot normally appears white. A yellow background indicates an alert
on the module. A red background indicates an alarm.
The bottom of a module slot, directly above the Open button, shows the type of module
installed. If the module has not been programmed, the NetXpress software cannot pick up any
information on it; Not Progr appears in this area rather than the module type. Here are other
page components of a module slot:
Service: Green when module is in service.
Remote: Green when module is being accessed remotely.
Open: Click this button to configure or view the status of the module.
4.4.1.2
NetXpress Network Interface Modules (NIMs)
The top of the NIM slots (15/17) indicate their slot positions. Here are other page components of
a NIM slot:
WAN: Green if NIM is running on Wide Area Network (WAN).
LAN: Green if NIM is running on Local Area Network (LAN).
MGMT: Green if NIM is running on Management network (MGMT).
Loopback: Green if set in Loopback mode.
T1/E1 A: Green if Port A is in service.
T1/E1 B: Green if Port B is in service.
Timing: Green if on primary timing; yellow if on secondary; red if timing fallout.
Active: Green if NIM is active.
4.4.1.3
NetXpress Power Supply Slots
The top of a power supply slot (PS Main/PS Red) indicates whether it is the main or the
redundant power supply. The bottom of the power supply slot, directly above the Open button,
shows the type of power supply. Here are page components of a power supply slot:
Normal: Green if power is on and there are no alarms/alerts.
Major: Red if in alarm condition.
Minor: Yellow if in alert condition.
ACO: Alarm Cut Off; green if active.
The Refresh fields at the bottom left of the Home page appear on most NetXpress pages. Click
M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the browser
at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
4.4.2
Define and Review Fault Information
Use the Faults information pages to define and review NetXpress
system faults (major and minor alarms) and configure the System Log
Server. To access the pages, point to Faults on the navigation panel
and click Current Alarms, Alarm Definition, Alarm History,
syslogd Server Config, or System Log Files.
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Current Alarms
Click Current Alarms on the Faults menu and the Current Alarms page appears (Figure 4-22). Click
any table header to sort alarm entries in ascending order by that header. Click the table header a second
time to sort in descending order.
Figure 4-22. Current Alarms Page
Date: The date and time the alarm occurred.
Severity: The seriousness of the alarm (Major, Minor, None).
Description: Helpful details about the alarm.
Clear fault: Click
from the table.
4.4.2.2
to delete this alarm from the table. Click
in the table header to delete all alarms
Alarm Definitions
Click Alarm Definitions on the Faults menu, and the Alarm Definitions page appears (Figure 4-23).
Figure 4-23. Alarm Definitions Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
ID: The specific alarm.
Message: The description of the alarm event.
Severity: The seriousness of the alarm (Major, Minor, or None).
Trap ID: The SNMP trap associated with the alarm.
Trap: Whether the trap is enabled or disabled. If it is enabled, the trap is sent to the host.
LED: Whether the light is enabled (turned on) or disabled.
Threshold time: The amount of time for the system to send the trap and control light (indicator).
Edit definition: Click
When you click
alarm.
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to edit the alarm definition.
on the row of a specific alarm, a Definition edit page (Figure 4-24) appears for the
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Figure 4-24. Alarm Definition Edit Page
Severity: Identifies the severity level of the alarm. Click an item on the list: none, major, minor,
major clear, or minor clear.
Threshold time: Defines the amount of time before the system sends traps and changes the lights
accordingly. Click a time interval in seconds: none, 1 sec, 2 sec, 3 sec, 4 sec, or 5 sec.
Trap: Click either the enabled or disabled option. If enabled, the trap is sent to the management
station (host).
LED: Click either the enabled or disabled option. If enabled, the major or minor light is turned on.
Back: Click this button to return to the Alarm Definitions table without applying entries.
Reset: Click this button to change page fields back to the original values.
Submit: Click this button to apply the values entered on this page.
4.4.2.3
Alarm History
Click Alarm History on the Faults menu and the Alarm History page (Figure 4-25) appears.
Figure 4-25. Alarm History Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Behavior When History Is Full: When the history table fills, click Stop for no more entries or Wrap to
overwrite the table entries.
Date: The date and time the alarm occurred.
Severity: The importance of the alarm (Major, Minor, or None).
Description: The details of an alarm event.
Clear alarm history table: Click
4.4.2.4
on the table header to delete all history table entries.
System Log Server Configuration
Click syslogd Server Config on the Faults menu, and the System Log Server Configuration page
(Figure 4-26) appears.
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Figure 4-26. Remote Log Server Page
syslogd Server IP Address: Sets the system log server IP address.
syslogd Server UDP Port Number: Indicates the port to which the NetXpress system log client sends
messages. Default is 514.
Enable Logging to syslogd Server: Select this check box to send messages to the syslogd server.
Reset: Click to clear any configuration changes without applying the changes.
Submit: Click to apply all configuration changes to this page.
4.4.2.5
System Log Files
Click System Log Files on the Faults menu, and the System Log Files table appears (Figure 4-27). If
enabled, all alarms are kept in text format in a file on the NIM’s flash (/RFA/log/syslog1.txt or
/RFA/log/syslog2.txt). System log files are limited in size (1 mb). You can configure the NetXpress
system to automatically use File Transfer Protocol (via FTP client software) to transfer log files to an FTP
server when log files are full.
Figure 4-27. System Log Files Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Enable System Logging: Enables/disables the internal storing of system log messages.
System Log Directory on FTP Server: Sets the system log server directory.
System Log Filename on FTP Server: Name assigned to system log file on the FTP server.
System Log FTP Server User Name: FTP username on remote FTP server.
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System Log FTP Server Password: Sets the FTP server password.
System Log FTP Server IP Address: IP Address of FTP server to which the NetXpress system offloads
system log files.
Enable Automatic System Log FTP Transfer: Enables/disables automatic transfer of log files to an FTP
server when log files are full.
Reset: Click this button to clear any changes without applying the changes.
Submit: Click this button to apply all changes to this page.
Name: The system log file name.
Type: The type of system log file.
Status: The status of the system log file (active or backup).
Size: The current size of the system log file.
Last modified: The date and time the system log file was last modified.
4.4.3
Configure the System
System Configuration involves these pages:
General: The general setup page for NIM.
IP Interfaces: The IP Interfaces table for NIM.
E1 Interfaces: The E1 Interfaces table for NIM.
T1 Interfaces: The T1 Interfaces table for NIM.
TDM Bus Config: TDM bus information.
Media Switch Map: Automatically set TDM bus maps.
System Timing: System timing information.
TOS Byte Definitions: Outbound packet TOS byte information.
Software Load Image: Software load management information.
Configuration Backup: Configuration backup server information.
Redundancy: Redundancy configuration and system
synchronization.
4.4.3.1
General Setup
Use the General Setup page to type and maintain general configuration information for the Network
Interface Module (primary or redundant) selected. Point to System Cfg and click General (Figure 428). You can also reach this page by clicking the NIM module’s Open button on the NetXpress Home
page.
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Figure 4-28. General Setup Page
Refresh: Click this button to refresh this page in your browser.
System Name: User-defined name given to the NetXpress Network Interface Manager (NIM). Default =
netXpress. This name appears in the browser window and is assigned to the browser task name. This
helps identify the system when managing multiple NetXpress systems on one work station.
System Description: Identifier describing the currently installed NetXpress application image. Readonly.
System Location: User-defined physical location of the NetXpress system. Default = Mason, OH.
Contact Person: User-defined name or e-mail address of the support contact person.
System Up Time: Length of time since the last system restart. Read-only.
Current Date (YYYY-MM-DD): Current system date.
Current Time (HH:MM:SS): Current system time.
Daylight Savings Time Start Date (MM-DD): Daylight savings time Start Date. User-defined. To
change, select the present entry and type a two-digit number for the month, a hyphen, and then a twodigit number for the day of the month (for example, April 1 = 04-01).
Daylight Savings Time End Date (MM-DD): Daylight savings time End Date. User-defined. To change,
select the present entry and type a two-digit number for the month, a hyphen, and then a two-digit
number for the day of the month (for example, April 1 = 04-01).
Enable SNTP: Enables/disables the use of SNTP (Simple Network Timing Protocol) to retrieve date and
time information from the network. Using SNTP requires that a SNTP server is running on the network
and is reachable by the NetXpress system through one of its IP network interfaces. In some
configurations, you might need to add a route to the forwarding table before the NetXpress system can
reach the SNTP server. If SNTP is enabled, the system time and data is automatically updated to match
the time information received from the SNTP server.
GMT Offset: Indicates the offset for the local time in +/- minutes from the GMT time. User-defined if
SNTP is enabled.
SNTP Server Address: IP address of the SNTP Server.
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SNTP Server Status: Indicates whether the SNTP Server was reached at the specified IP address.
Reset: Click this button to clear all recent configuration entries and/or changes and return to previous
values.
Submit: Click this button to apply setup changes.
4.4.3.2
Interfaces Table
Use the Interfaces Table to view NIM interface statistics. Point to System Cfg and click IP Interfaces.
Once the Interface Table appears, click
to view statistics for the interface that you selected. Figure
4-29 shows information for the WAN interface.
Note: If WAN redundancy is enabled, the Operational State and Administrative State columns for
the LAN interface are Redundant.
Figure 4-29. Interfaces Table
Refresh: Click this button to refresh this page in your browser.
Interface: Identifies the NetXpress IP interface.
Type: Interface type (from MIB-II specification).
Speed/Duplex: Interface speed/Duplex state.
Operational State: Current operational state of the interface.
Administrative State: Current administrative state, which is user defined as either in service or out of
service.
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Physical Address: MAC (Media Access Control) access. The Physical Address is an identifier that is
embedded in the Ethernet interface. Read Only.
MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit for the interface (in bytes). This is the largest size packet that the
NetXpress system transmits on the interface.
Put in service/out of service: Click
to put the specific interface in service. Click
to put the
specific interface out of service. An interface must be out of service to effect any configuration changes.
Show interface statistics: Click
to show the statistics for the specific interface.
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Total Octets Received: Total number of octets (8-bit data units) successfully received by the interface.
Total Octets Sent: Total number of octets successfully transmitted by the interface.
Unicast Packets Received: Number of unicast (information sent from one point to another point)
packets received by the interface.
Unicast Packets Sent: Number of unicast (information sent from one point to another point) packets
sent by the interface.
Non-Unicast Packets Received: The number of non-unicast (that is, multicast or broadcast) packets
received by the interface.
Non-Unicast Packets Sent: The number of non-unicast (that is, multicast or broadcast) packets sent by
the interface.
Receive Errors: Number of packet receiving errors encountered by the interface.
Transmit Errors: Number of packet transmission errors encountered by the interface.
Input Packets Discarded: Number of input packets discarded due to size, timing, buffer availability,
and so forth
Output Packets Discarded: Number of output packets discarded due to size, timing, buffer availability,
and so forth
Unknown Protocols Received: Number of non-standard or undefined protocols received by the
interface.
Output Queue Length (packets): Number of output packets that can be stored in the queue by the
interface.
Last State Change: Number of days, hours, minutes, and seconds since the interface statistics were last
updated.
4.4.3.3
E1 Interfaces Table
Access the E1 Interfaces Table (Figure 4-30) to view information for Ports A and B and to put a port in
or out of service. Point to System Cfg and click E1 Interfaces.
Note: E1 Interfaces is available in the System Cfg menu only when the TDM Bus (from System Cfg
menu) has been configured for E1 System Mode, and the NIM has loaded an E1 version of the
FPGA Image File.
On the E1 Interfaces Table, click
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for the specific port to view or edit the configuration of that port.
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Figure 4-30. E1 Interfaces Table
Refresh: Click this button to refresh this page in the browser.
Interface: The available ports.
Last Status Change: The day, date, and time of the last state change on the designated port.
Line Status: The line operational state and error indications that the interface is sending and receiving, if
any.
Admin State: Whether the port is in or out of service.
Loopback Status: The local loopback mode for the selected interface. Shows when a loopback is
activated (yellow) or not (gray). If the port is not in service, or is in service with no active loopback, the
Loopback Status is None. Normal operating mode = None.
Desired Loopback: The local loopback mode configured for this port: Payload, Line, Equipment, or
None. Default = None.
Put port in service/out of service: Click
service.
Configure: Click
to put the port in service. Click
to take the port out of
for a specific port to view configuration details and configure the port.
Circuit Identifier: This identifier is the name you specify to identify the E1 interface. The name can only
be changed while the interface is out of service.
Framing Type:
●
Click CAS (Channel Associated Signaling) to enable the framing mode that is required for signaling
support of voice frequency (VF) TDM channel modules. In CAS framing mode channel of the E1, 16 is
reserved for voice channel signaling and is therefore not available for any payload data.
●
Click CCS (Common Channel Signaling) framing type when support for voice frequency modules is
not required. In CCS framing all 31 channels are available for payload data.
CAS and CCS are each available with or without CRC (cyclical redundancy check). It is important to select
the Framing Type that matches the hardware equipment connected to the E1 interface.
Line Coding:
●
Click HDB3 (High Density Bipolar 3) for a modified bipolar line code in which strings of four zeros are
replaced by zero-substitution codes. HDB3 is the factory default line code.
●
Click AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) if you need to enable this legacy line coding. (AMI cannot
support 64 kbps clear channel operation.)
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Local Loopback Mode: Select a mode and click Submit to test an E1 interface.
●
Payload Loopback Mode: Traffic is received from the E1 interface to the NIM and the same traffic is
re-transmitted out the E1 interface.
●
Line Loopback Mode: Traffic is received from the E1 interface to the NIM and the same traffic is
transmitted directly out the E1 interface.
●
Equipment Loopback Mode: Local NIM traffic is transmitted out the E1 interface and also returned
directly to the NIM.
●
None: The system default. No loopback enabled, allowing normal traffic through the E1 interface.
Enable Traps On Line Status Change: Select this check box to generate SNMP traps whenever there is
a change of line status.
Use Robust Framing: Select this check box for the interface to prevent the generation of an OOF (Out
Of Frame) line code on the E1 interface until 4 consecutive framing bits are lost, as opposed to one frame
bit error in the normal framing mode.
Reset: Click this button to clear all recent E1 interface entries and/or changes and return to previous
values.
Submit: Click this button to apply all E1 interface changes.
4.4.3.4
T1 Interfaces Table
Access the T1 Interfaces Table (Figure 4-31) to view information for Ports A and B and put a port in or
out of service. To access the page, point to System Cfg and click T1 Interfaces.
Note: T1 Interfaces is available in the System Cfg menu only when the TDM Bus (from System Cfg
menu) has been configured for T1 System Mode, and the NIM has loaded a T1 version of the
FPGA Image File.
On the T1 Interfaces Table, click
for the specific port to view or edit the configuration of that port.
Figure 4-31. T1 Interfaces Table
Refresh: Click this button to refresh this page in the browser.
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4—System Configuration and Operation
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Interface: The available ports.
Last Status Change: The day, date, and time of the last state change on the designated port.
Line Status: The line operational state and any error indications that the interface is sending and
receiving, if any.
Admin State: Whether the port is in or out of service.
Loopback Status: The local loopback mode for the selected interface. Shows when a loopback is
activated (yellow) or not (gray). If the port is not in service, or is in service with no active loopback, the
Loopback Status is None. Normal operating mode = None.
Desired Loopback: The local loopback mode configured for this port: Payload, Line, Equipment, or
None. Default = None.
Put port in service/out of service: Click
service.
Configure: Click
to put the port in service. Click
to take the port out of
for a specific port to view configuration details and configure the port.
Circuit Identifier: This identifier is the name you specify to identify the T1 interface. The name can only
be changed while the interface is out of service.
Framing Type: Click a type from the drop-down list.
●
Click ESF (Extended Super Frame) for interoperability with contemporary T1 devices.
●
Click D4 (Super Frame) if you need to enable this legacy framing type. It is important to select the
Framing Type that matches the hardware equipment connected to the T1 interface.
Line Coding: Click an option.
●
Click B8ZS (Bipolar with 8 Zero Substitution) for a modified bipolar line code in which strings of eight
zeros are replaced by zero-substitution codes. B8ZS is the factory default line code.
●
Click AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) to enable this legacy line coding. (AMI cannot support 64 kbps
clear channel capacity.)
Local Loopback Mode: Click a mode and click Submit to test a T1 interface.
●
None: The system default. No loopback enabled, allowing normal traffic through the T1 interface.
●
Payload: Traffic is received from the T1 interface to the NIM and the same traffic is re-transmitted
out the T1 interface.
●
Line: Traffic is received from the T1 interface to the NIM and the same traffic is transmitted directly
out the T1 interface.
●
Equipment: Local NIM traffic is transmitted out the T1 interface and also returned directly to the
NIM.
ATT TR54016 Performance Reports: Select this check box to enable the transmission of AT&T
TR54016 formatted performance reports on the Facilities Data Link (FDL).
ANSI T1.403 Performance Reports: Select this check box to enable the transmission of ANSI
(American National Standards Institution) T1.403 formatted performance reports on the FDL.
Line Build Out: If the CSU is enabled for the interface, the Line Build Out defines the signal level for
the interface in dB. Possible choices are 0 dB, -7.5 dB, -15 dB, and -22.5 dB. With the CSU disabled,
Line Build Out specifies the length of the cable from the NetXpress system to the externally connected
CSU/DSU. Possible choices are 0 – 133ft, 133 – 266ft, 266 – 399ft, 399 – 533ft, and 533 – 655ft.
Enable CSU: Select this check box to enable the external CSU (Channel Service Unit) when you are
connecting the NetXpress T1 port directly to the Telco network. If you are connecting to an external
CSU/DSU, do not check this box.
Enable Traps On Line Status Change: Select this check box to generate SNMP traps whenever there is
a change of line status.
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Use Robust Framing: Select this check box for the interface to prevent the generation of an Out Of
Frame (OOF) line code on the T1 interface until 4 consecutive framing bits are lost, as opposed to one
frame bit error in the normal framing mode.
Reset: Click this button to clear all recent T1 interface entries and/or changes and return to previous
values.
Submit: Click this button to apply all T1 interface changes.
4.4.3.5
TDM Bus Information
Access the TDM Bus Information page (Figure 4-32) to view signaling and time slot activity information
for the NetXpress TDM busses and to set the system bus mode, E1 or T1. To access the page, point to
System Cfg and click TDM Bus Config. Once this page appears, you can also click the edit button to
change loopback/ signaling configuration for each TDM Bus (Figure 4-34).
Figure 4-32. TDM Bus Information Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
TDM Bus: The specific TDM bus location.
Signaling: The signaling mode for the bus, either None or CAS in E1 mode. When the system is in T1
mode, the signaling mode for the TDM busses is always robbed bit signaling (RBS).
Timeslot Activity: The TDM bus time slot tables. Thirty two time slots appear for an E1 system, and
twenty four appear for a T1 system. The time slot color codes are:
●
Activity in Timeslot: Green indicates a channel module is writing data to the time slot.
●
No Activity in Timeslot: Gray indicates no channel modules are writing data to the time slot.
●
Loopback in Timeslot: Yellow indicates the time slot has been placed in either internal or external
loopback.
●
Conflict in Timeslot: Red indicates multiple channel modules on the bus are trying to write data to
the same time slot(s).
Change loopback configuration: Click
on a specific TDM bus row to view loopback configuration
details (Figure 4-34) and configure loopback operations for the bus.
Current System Mode: Indicates whether the internal TDM busses and the external TDM interfaces are
operating in E1 or T1 mode.
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Configured System Mode: Click E1 or T1 and Submit to change the configured system mode. If you
change the system mode, a dialog box appears (Figure 4-33) reminding you to re-configure the FPGA
image to reflect this change.
Figure 4-33. Changes to System Mode Dialog Box
Go to System Cfg | Software Load Image to complete this system mode change.
Submit: Click this button to change the current system mode.
Figure 4-34. TDM Bus Configuration Edit Page
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Signaling: Specifies the signaling type (none or CAS) in E1 configurations. If CAS is selected, channel
16 is not reserved for signaling and is unavailable for TDM channel module traffic.
Internal Loopback Settings: The Internal Loopback settings applied for each channel of the TDM bus.
Click a channel number to change its loopback setting. Click the table header to change the internal
loopback setting for all channels of the TDM bus.
External Loopback Settings: The External Loopback settings applied for each channel of the TDM bus.
Click a channel number to change its loopback setting. Click the table header to change the external
loopback setting for all channels of the TDM bus. The loopback color codes are:
●
Loopback Enabled in Timeslot: Yellow indicates that loopback is enabled in the specific channel.
●
Loopback Disabled in Timeslot: Gray indicates there is no loopback in the specific channel.
Back: Click this button to return to the TDM Bus Information page.
Reset: Click this button to delete and NOT save any changes.
Submit: Click this button to apply all bus configuration changes.
4.4.3.6
Media Switch Map
The NetXpress system contains a switch fabric on the NIM-1 that allows the interconnection of ten TDM
busses in the system: the four internal TDM busses, the two external T1/E1 ports, and the four TDM
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busses on the TDM-IP engine ASIC. To send data from the external ports or internal TDM busses over the
IP network, they must be connected in the switch fabric to one of the four busses on the TDM-IP ASIC.
Any number of time slots from one bus can be connected to another, and the same time slot from a bus
can be connected to multiple receive busses. This allows the complex switch maps to be created to
support applications such as IP multi-unicasting, simulcasting audio or data over the IP network and a
T1/E1 interface, or drop and insert of time slots between the external T1/E1 ports and the internal TDM
busses.
Access the Media Switch Map page to view each of the available target receive endpoints (TDM1A,
TDM2A, TDM2A, TDM2B, E1/T1-A, E1/T1-B, IP1, IP2, IP3, and IP4) shown as individual columns and the
source transmit endpoint (where each target receives its data) for all of the available channels. Each item
is capable of bidirectional communication, so the names for transmit endpoints are the same as those for
receive endpoints. The name of an endpoint associated with a particular channel in the table describes
the source of data for that channel. To access the page, point to System Cfg and click Media Switch
Map (Figure 4-35).
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Figure 4-35. Media Switch Map Page – E1 Mode
This figure shows an E1 system mode. A T1 system mode shows 24 channels. Individual streams have
different colors to better identify the same stream in different buses and channels. Therefore, time slots
associated with the same stream have the same color. In addition, receive streams that share the same
incoming IP stream have the same color. (In this example, there are several time slots with identical
colors in Figure 4-35 to show they share the same stream. Also, Streams 13, 16, 17, 18, and 19 share
the same source and are therefore all colored beige.)
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Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Chan: This row indicates the specific TDM bus channel that this configuration pertains to.
TDM 1A, TDM 1B, TDM 2A, TDM 2B: The four TDM busses.
E1 A, T1 A, E1 B, T1 B: The E1 or T1 ports.
IP 1, IP 2, IP 3, IP 4: The IP connections.
Echo Cancellers: If echo cancellers are installed on the NIM module, additional columns appear for the
transmit (Echo AO, Echo BO) and receive (Echo AI, Echo BI) endpoints on these modules.
4.4.3.7
System Timing
Access the System Timing configuration page (Figure 4-36) to view and configure primary and
secondary NetXpress system timing information. The NetXpress system supports these methods of
timing: Internal, External, Stream, E1/T1, and SynchroCast3.
To access the page, point to System Cfg and click System Timing.
Note: When you are configuring several receive streams and you are using a stream as the timing
source, it is highly recommended that the stream with the highest packet rate (that is, the lowest
number of frames per payload value) be used as the primary timing stream.
Figure 4-36. System Timing Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Current Timing Source: The timing source the system currently uses. If both the primary and
secondary timing sources have failed, the system operates on its internal clock.
PLL Status: The Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) status (locked, unlocked) indicates when the NetXpress
system is operating synchronously with the current timing source. The status is Unlocked when both the
primary and secondary timing sources are unavailable, so this NetXpress system is running
asynchronously.
Primary Timing Source Status: The current operational status (up, down) of the primary timing
source.
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Secondary Timing Source Status: The current operational status (up, down) of the secondary timing
source.
Primary Timing Source: The primary timing source for the NetXpress shelf. Timing choices are
Internal, External, Stream, E1/T1 Port A, E1/T1 Port B, or SynchroCast3.
Internal can only be chosen as the Primary Timing Source for a single NetXpress system within your
network. All remaining NetXpress systems can derive that same timing source using Stream or E1/T1
timing.
Multiple systems can be set to External Timing if a common source of external timing is available at all
locations. This is typically a satellite (GPS) derived clock or a public telecom network clock source.
External timing must be cabled into the NetXpress system using the TIMING IN jack on the MIU-201.
Streams must be placed out-of-service to change the primary or secondary timing source selection.
SynchroCast3 is a valid choice for timing only if you have an SNC-101T module installed in the
NetXpress system. If you selected SynchroCast3 timing as the primary timing source, you cannot select
External as the secondary timing source.
Secondary Timing Source: The secondary timing source for the NetXpress shelf. Choices are Internal,
External, Stream, E1/T1 Port A, or E1/T1 Port B. The secondary timing source cannot be the same as
the primary timing source except in the case of Stream, but even then the selected streams must be
unique.
Primary RX Timing Stream: If the primary timing source is set to Stream, this field shows the stream
name to use as the timing source.
Secondary RX Timing Stream: If the secondary timing source is set to Stream, this field shows the
stream name to use as the timing source.
Primary Stream Network Type: The network quality to be applied for clock recovery from the primary
stream (Dedicated, Metro, Continental).
Secondary Stream Network Type: The network quality to be applied for clock recovery from the
secondary stream (Dedicated, Metro, Continental).
Timing Input 100 Ohm Impedance: Enabling/Disabling switch. Controls the external timing input
impedance, 100 ohms at the TIMING IN port. The Timing In connector is a balanced RS-422/RS-485
input. This switch is normally set to Enabled. To change the TIMING IN to a high impedance input, select
Disabled and click Submit to apply your changes.
VCXO Timing Calibration Value: Timing calibration value (in ppm) for the voltage controlled crystal
oscillator (factory calibration only).
Submit: Click this button to apply all system timing information changes.
4.4.3.8
System TOS Byte Definitions
Access the System TOS Byte Definitions page (Figure 4-37) to view or modify the TOS byte values
associated with High COS, Normal COS, Medium COS and Low COS, as well as TOS byte values for Web,
SNMP, and Voice Signaling. To access the page, point to System Cfg and click TOS Byte Definitions.
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Figure 4-37. System TOS Byte Definitions Page
Note: Although the system can assign TOS to traffic leaving the NetXpress system, the effectiveness of
tagging packets with TOS/COS depends solely on support from the routers within the IP network.
TOS Setting for High COS: This field sets the IP TOS (Type of Service) byte for packets from a stream
configured with a high COS (Class of Service). Default value is 188 (precedence 5, request low delay/high
throughput/high reliability). Optional values are 220 (precedence 6) or 252 (precedence 7).
TOS Setting for Normal COS: This field sets the IP TOS byte for packets from a stream configured with
a normal COS. Default value is 92 (precedence 2, request low delay/high throughput/high reliability).
Optional values are 124 (precedence 3) or 156 (precedence 4).
TOS Setting for Medium COS: This field sets the IP TOS byte for packets from a stream configured with
a medium COS. Default value is 60 (precedence 1, request low delay/high throughput/high reliability).
TOS Setting for Low COS: This field sets the IP TOS (Type of Service) byte for packets from a stream
configured with a low COS (Class of Service). Default value is 0 (precedence 0). Suggested optional value
is 28 (precedence 0, request low delay/high throughput/high reliability).
Web TOS Byte Setting: This field sets the IP TOS byte used by the HTTP packets coming out of the
NetXpress system. Default value is 32 (precedence 1).
SNMP TOS Setting: This field sets the IP TOS byte used by the SNMP packets coming out of the
NetXpress system. Default value is 32 (precedence 1).
Voice Signaling TOS Byte Setting: This field sets the IP TOS byte used by the signaling transmission
packets. Default value is 32 (precedence 1).
Submit: Click this button to apply and record the TOS Byte definition information entered.
4.4.3.9
Software Load Image Configuration
When the NetXpress system first starts up, the NIM(s) attempts to load its operating system from the
Primary Image Filename along with its associated Primary FPGA Image Filename. If the primary
file cannot be loaded, the system attempts to load from the Secondary Image Filename along with its
associated Secondary FPGA Image Filename. Should this also fail, the NIM attempts to load the
Backup Image Filename from the network FTP fileserver along with the Backup FPGA Image
Filename.
Access the Software Load Image Configuration page (Figure 4-38) to view and modify NIM specific
software load information. To access the page, point to System Cfg and click Software Load Image.
The latest NetXpress version’s release notes gives the software load image and boot ROM load image
configurations.
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Figure 4-38. Software Load Image Configuration Page
Primary Image Filename: Name of the primary software image file.
Secondary Image Filename: Name of the secondary software image file.
Primary FPGA Image Filename: Name of the primary Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) file.
Secondary FPGA Image Filename: Name of the secondary FPGA file.
Current Image Loaded: Provides status on which software image was last loaded (primary, secondary,
or backup). Page area is read-only.
Image to Load on Next Boot: Specifies the image to use when the system is restarted. This allows the
user to override the default and force the NIM to load either the primary or secondary.
Backup Image Filename: Name of the backup software image file.
Backup FPGA Image Filename: Name of the backup FPGA file.
Backup Image Server IP: IP address of the backup image FTP server.
Gateway to Backup Image Server: Default gateway to get to the backup image FTP server.
Backup Image Server FTP Username: FTP username for backup image server.
Backup Image Server FTP Password: FTP user password for backup image server.
Reset Form: Click this button to reset the page to the previous values.
Submit: Click this button to apply all configuration changes.
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Reset NIM: Click this button to physically reset the NIM after performing a software image load. If you
have made any configuration changes on this page, click Submit and click Reset NIM for the NIM to be
set according to the values now shown on this page.
NetXpress Flash Device Directory: The current directory location of the NetXpress flash device. Use
this field to type a new directory location and click Change Directory to submit the new entry.
Change Directory: Click this button to view the contents of the directory on the NetXpress flash device
given in the Directory on NetXpress Flash Device field. Use /RFA/ and /RFA2/ as valid root
directories.
The gray table is the directory listing showing the files stored on the NetXpress flash. This information is
present on the page in order to assist you in locating the available file names of the primary and
secondary image and FPGA image files
To obtain the software and boot ROM download process in the latest version’s release notes:
1. Go to http://www.gatesar.com.
2. Click Services and Support | Customer Support Portal.
3. At Customer Login, enter your User ID and Password.
4. At Self Service, click Download Software Updates.
5. At the Table of Contents, click Intraplex.
6. At the Intraplex: Table of Contents, click NetXpress.
7. Click the link for the latest version of the NetXpress software.
8. Click Save on the dialog box and save the zipped file to your hard drive.
9. Open the zipped file and open the release notes.
10. Repeat the previous two steps to download the latest version of the MIBs and MIB overview as well.
4.4.3.10 Configuration Files Backup and Restore
You can view and configure access to your network backup FTP server on the Configuration Files
Backup/Restore page (Figure 4-39). An FTP server is required to preserve an archival copy of your
NetXpress configuration files or to restore these files to the NetXpress system.
To access the page, point to System Cfg and click Configuration Backup. Fields on this page need to
match the parameters of your network FTP server program including the server IP address, backup
server directory location, user name, and password. Many FTP server programs are available
commercially, some of which are freeware (such as TYPSoft FTP Server, Cerberus FTP Server, Cesar FTP).
The NetXpress Quick Start Guide in this manual gives additional details on backing up/restoring
configuration files. Restored configuration files do not take effect until the NIM-1 is restarted.
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Figure 4-39. Configuration Files Backup/Restore Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Config Backup Server IP: Specifies IP address of the configuration backup server IP Address (the
address where the FTP server resides).
Config Backup Server Directory: Identifies the backup server directory created by the user and
specified in the FTP server program.
Username: Identifies configuration backup server user name (created in the FTP server program).
Password: Identifies configuration backup server user password (created in the FTP server program).
You must type a valid password to perform a configuration backup or restore.
Reset: Click this button to change the page fields back to the original values.
Submit: Click this button to apply the configuration information on this page.
Reset the System: Click this button to perform a physical resetting of the NIM-1.
Configuration File Name: Identifies the name of the configuration file to be backed up or restored.
Backup/Restore Status: Identifies whether the file transfer is in process or idle.
Backup: Click
to back up the configuration file for the row selected. Click
in the table header to
back up all configuration files. The backup procedure copies files from the NIM to the FTP server.
Restore: Click
to restore the configuration file for the row selected. Click
in the table header to
restore all configuration files. The restore procedure copies files from the FTP server to the NIM.
Delete: Click
to delete the configuration file for the row selected. Click
delete all configuration files.
in the table header to
4.4.3.11 Redundancy Configuration
You can view and configure the primary and the secondary NIM on the Redundancy configuration page
(Figures 4-40 and 4-41). Section 4.3 gives more details on configuration and operation of primary and
secondary NIMs and NIM redundancy.
Note: If you do not have two NIMs on your system, you cannot see this option on the System Cfg
menu and cannot access this page.
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To access the page, point to System Cfg and click Redundancy. Fields on this page allow you to take
the primary and secondary NIMs out of service or put them in service, to set up manual or automatic
reversion, and to configure system synchronization.
Figure 4-40. Redundancy Configuration Page
There are two tabs on this page: Configuration and Synchronization.
Configuration Tab
You can take the NIMs out of service or put them in service on this tab. You can also set up manual
or automatic reversion page.
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
NIM: Indicates Primary and Secondary NIM.
Role: Indicates the present function of the Primary or Secondary NIM. If Active, the NIM is currently
providing operational services. If Standby, the NIM is either synchronized or in the process of
synchronizing with the Active NIM and can take over the role of Active NIM.
Operational State: Indicates whether the NIM is presently Up, Down, or Ready. If Up, the NIM is
presently in service and has the Active role in the NetXpress system. If Down, the NIM is not in
service. If Ready, the NIM has a Standby role and is ready to transition to the Active role.
Administrative State: Indicates whether the NIM is In Service or Out of Service. An Out of
Service state prohibits the NIM from taking the Active role in a redundant NIM system.
Put in service/Put out of service: Click
specific NIM out of service.
to put the specific NIM in service. Click
to put the
Switch back to primary if secondary fails: Select this check box to enable automatic switchback,
the Primary NIM takes over as Active, if the secondary NIM fails.
Switch back to primary when it recovers after ___ (type amount) seconds: Select this check
box to enable automatic switchback, the Primary NIM takes over as Active, after the Secondary NIM
has been Active for the number of seconds shown. The default number of seconds is “30.”
Automatic Reversion Timer (secs): Indicates how long the system waits for the automatic
reversion to commence.
Reset: Click this button to clear all recent redundancy configuration entries and/or changes and
return to the previous values.
Submit: Click this button to apply the configuration changes.
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Figure 4-41. Redundancy System Synchronization Page
Synchronization Tab
You can configure system synchronization on this tab.
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Auto Synchronization: Select this check box to automatically synchronize the active and standby
NIMs.
Synchronization Group: The group of files that are affected by NIM synchronization.
Synchronization Group Status: Whether or not data within this group is currently synchronized on
the active and standby NIMs.
Configuration File: The specific configuration file being synchronized.
Configuration File Status: Whether or not this file is currently synchronized on the active and
standby NIMs.
Check System Synchronization: Click this button to verify the synchronization status between the
NIMs.
Force System Synchronization: Click this button to begin a forced synchronization between NIMs.
4.4.4
Configure the Network
Network configuration (Networking) in the NetXpress system involves configuring these pages:
Interface Configuration: The network addressing table
Forwarding: The IP routing table
IP Access List: The list of IP addresses allowed to access the device
SNMP: The SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Host
Configuration
UDP: The UDP (User Datagram Protocol) Listener table
TCP: The TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) Connection table
ARP: The ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table
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4—System Configuration and Operation
Network Interface Configuration
To access the Network Interface Configuration page, point to Networking and click Interface
Configuration. Once the Network Interface Configuration page appears, click
on an interface row
to view and modify address information for that interface. Figure 4-42 shows configuration on the MGMT
interface.
Figure 4-42. Network Interface Configuration Page
Interface: The interfaces with access permission (MGMT, WAN, or LAN).
Current IP Address: The network IP address currently used for this interface.
Note: When using NIM redundancy, the IP address needed for the Standby NIM to do a network boot is
set to one higher than the static IP address set for the Management interface. Therefore, you
must reserve two addresses when setting the static address of the Management interface. For
example, if the IP address of the Management interface is set at
“192.245.66.172:255.255.255.0” the address “192.245.66.175:255.255.255.0” is reserved by
the Standby NIM to do a network boot.
Current Netmask: The subnet mask currently used for this interface.
DHCP: Whether or not Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is currently used for this interface. If
DHCP is used in a redundant system, both NIMs have a different Management interface, and you need to
maintain the relationship of IP address to the physical NIM.
SNMP: Whether or not Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is currently allowed for this
interface.
HTTP: Whether or not Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is currently allowed for this interface.
FTP: Whether or not File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is currently allowed for this interface.
Telnet: Whether or not Telnet is allowed for this interface.
Blocked Pkts: The number of packets blocked because they contain a protocol (SNMP, HTTP, Telnet, or
FTP) that is blocked on the interface.
Configure: Click
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for the specific interface to view configuration details and/or configure the interface.
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Use DHCP: Whether or not DHCP should be used on this interface to determine its IP address and subnet
mask.
Note: DHCP is only allowed on the Management (MGMT) interface.
Current IP Address: The network IP address currently used for this interface. Read-only.
Current Netmask: The subnet mask address received by DHCP. Read-only.
Static IP Address: If DHCP is not enabled, this field defines the IP address to use for this interface.
Static Netmask: If DHCP is not enabled, this field defines the subnet mask to use for this interface.
Allow SNMP: Whether SNMP traffic is accepted on this interface.
Allow HTTP: Whether HTTP traffic is accepted on this interface.
Allow FTP: Whether FTP sessions are accepted on this interface.
Allow Telnet: Whether Telnet sessions are accepted on this interface.
Submit: Click this button to apply configuration changes.
Note: If you change the IP address on the Management (MGMT) interface, you need to reconfigure
your PC and/or browser to meet the NetXpress system on the newly assigned address before
continuing.
Figure 4-43 shows configuration on the WAN interface.
Figure 4-43. WAN Network Interface Configuration Page
Static IP Address: This field defines the IP address to use for this interface.
Static Netmask: This field defines the subnet mask to use for this interface.
Allow SNMP: Whether SNMP traffic is accepted on this interface.
Allow HTTP: Whether HTTP traffic is accepted on this interface.
Allow FTP: Whether FTP sessions are accepted on this interface.
Allow Telnet: Whether Telnet sessions are accepted on this interface.
Enable IGMP Auto-Recovery: Select this check box to enable the internal IGMP recovery logic. This
feature helps prevent the router from missing the subscribed multicast group by monitoring conditions
within the system and sending out an unsolicited report for the subscribed groups. (This feature assumes
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that the router is configured for a one-minute IGMP general query interval, which is the default for most
routers.)
Enable IGMP Logging: Only select this check box at a request of GatesAir technical personnel, as this
feature is for debugging known issues. Selecting this check box enables the network driver to capture the
IGMP messages.
Enable Auto-Negotiation: Controls auto-negotiation state for the port. Default is enabled.
Enable ICMP Error Blocking: Controls enabling/disabling of ICMP error messages on WAN port.
Use LAN as Redundant WAN Link: When selected, LAN port acts as redundant WAN port. When not
selected, the port acts as a normal data port.
Port Speed: Speed of the interface (10 or 100 Mbps). Read-only.
Port Duplex State: Duplex mode (full or half). Read-only.
Submit: Click this button to apply configuration changes.
Figure 4-44 shows configuration on the LAN interface.
Figure 4-44. LAN Network Interface Configuration Page
Static IP Address: This field defines the IP address to use for this interface.
Static Netmask: This field defines the subnet mask to use for this interface.
Allow SNMP: Whether SNMP traffic is accepted on this interface.
Allow HTTP: Whether HTTP traffic is accepted on this interface.
Allow FTP: Whether FTP sessions are accepted on this interface.
Allow Telnet: Whether Telnet sessions are accepted on this interface.
Enable Auto-Negotiation: Controls auto-negotiation state for the port. Default is enabled.
Mirror the WAN interface: When selected, LAN port acts as redundant WAN port. When not selected,
the port acts as a normal data port.
Port Speed: Speed of the interface (10 or 100 Mbps). Read-only.
Port Duplex State: Duplex mode (full or half). Read-only.
Submit: Click this button to apply configuration changes.
4.4.4.2
IP Routing Table
Review, create, and edit IP route information for all traffic associated with your Intraplex NetXpress IP
Multiplexer on the IP Routing Table (Figure 4-45). Point to Networking and click Forwarding. Default
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routes are automatically created based on the IP addresses assigned to the MGMT, WAN, and LAN
interfaces. When the page appears, review the table, edit entries, or delete entries (except for
automatically assigned routes), or click
to create and submit a new IP route (Figure 4-45).
Figure 4-45. IP Routing Table
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Destination: The destination IP address of the route. Default is 0.0.0.0.
Netmask: The logic mask to be combined with the destination address before comparison. The netmask
defines the scope of an IP address, and what addresses can exist on that same logical subnet.
Gateway: The gateway routing IP address.
Interface: The description of the interface using this route.
Type: The type of routing (Direct, Indirect, or Invalid).
Protocol: The learned routing mechanism for this route.
Age: The length of time since the route was last updated.
Metric: The primary routing metric for this route.
Add Route: Click
to create a new IP route. The Create A New Route page appears (Figure 4-46).
Delete this route: Click
to delete the specific IP route.
Figure 4-46. Create a New Route Page
Destination: Type the destination IP address of this particular route.
Network Mask: Type the logic mask to be combined with the destination address before comparison.
The network mask defines the scope of an IP address and what addresses can exist on that same logical
subnet.
Gateway: Type the IP address of the gateway device responsible for final routing of IP address for this
route.
Type: Click the type of routing from this list: Direct (default), Indirect, Other, or Invalid.
Back: Click this button to return to the IP Routing Table without saving changes to the page or
creating a route.
Create: Click this button to apply the information entered and create a new route.
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4—System Configuration and Operation
IP Access List
The IP Access List table contains a list of IP addresses allowed to manage the system via the interface.
If the list is empty, any address on any interface can access the system. To access the page (Figure 447), point to Networking and click IP Access List. You can review the list or click
submit interface entries along with an associated IP address (Figure 4-48).
to create and
Figure 4-47. IP Access List
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Interface: The interfaces with access permission (MGMT, WAN, or LAN).
IP Address: The IP address of the specific interface.
Add IP Access entry: Click
to add a new IP Access List entry. The Create IP Access List Entry page
appears (Figure 4-48). You first need to type the IP address of the computer that you are currently using
to configure the system or the NetXpress system refuses further communication.
Figure 4-48. Create IP Access List Entry Page
Interface: Click the interface to which the address applies: MGMT (default), WAN, or LAN.
IP Address: Type the IP address to add it to this interface.
Back: Click this button to return to the IP Access List without creating an entry.
Submit: Click this button to create the IP Access List Entry.
4.4.4.4
SNMP Configuration
Within NetXpress Networking, access the SNMP Configuration page to establish and manage the
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) event host configuration for Hosts 1 and 2. An SNMP
community is a group of hosts that you can manage as a distinct group with SNMP. The SNMP
communities group contains a list of community/IP address pairs identifying those management stations
from which the agent on the local host accepts queries. Along with each pair is an access field that
controls whether access is allowed, and if so, whether the access granted is read-only or read-write. In
addition, the special community public, with an address of 0.0.0.0, restricts or allows access to all other
members of the public community.
To access the SNMP Configuration page (Figure 4-49), point to Networking and click SNMP.
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Figure 4-49. SNMP Configuration Page
SNMP Read-Only community: The SNMP community name a SNMP manager must use to read an
element of the NetXpress MIB.
SNMP Read-Write community: The SNMP community name a SNMP manager must use to modify an
element of the NetXpress MIB.
SNMP Event Host 1 IP: The IP address of the event host 1. This address is the usually the computer
running the primary network manager application. If the address is 0.0.0.0, this entry is not active.
SNMP Event Host 1 Community: The community name given to the SNMP trap. This name identifies a
collection of SNMP managers and agents.
SNMP Event Host 2 IP: The IP address of the event host 2. If the address is 0.0.0.0, this entry is not
active.
SNMP Event Host 2 Community: The community name of the SNMP trap. This name identifies a
collection of SNMP managers and agents.
Submit: Click this button to apply the configuration information changes.
Reset: Click this button to change the page fields back to the original values.
4.4.4.5
UDP Listener Table
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is the IP standard protocol that allows an application program on one
machine to send a datagram to an application program on another machine. To access the UDP Listener
Table (Figure 4-50), point to Networking and click UDP.
Figure 4-50. UDP Listener Table
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Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Local IP Address: The local IP address for the UDP listener.
Local Port Number: The port number assigned to the IP address.
UDP Port for Voice Signaling: The user-selected UDP port number for signaling. Default number is
49155.
Submit: Click this button to apply changes to the UDP Port for Voice Signaling.
4.4.4.6
TCP Connection Table
The TCP connection table contains information about an entity’s existing TCP connections. To access the
TCP Connection Table (Figure 4-51), point to Networking and click TCP.
Figure 4-51. TCP Connection Table
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Local IP: The local IP address for this TCP connection.
Local Port: The local port number for this TCP connection.
Remote IP: The remote IP address for this TCP connection. This identifies the computers that are
actively connecting to the NetXpress system.
Remote Port: The remote port number for this TCP connection. HTTP traffic typical operates on port 80.
Connection State: The state of this TCP connection.
4.4.4.7
ARP Table
The ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) Table shows the Media Access Control (MAC) address and
associated IP addresses of the NetXpress shelf and other shelves with which the NetXpress shelf has
communicated. The ARP dynamically binds a high level IP address to a low-level physical hardware
address. To access the ARP Table (Figure 4-52), point to Networking and click ARP.
Figure 4-52. ARP Table
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Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
IP Address: The IP address of the NetXpress shelf.
Physical Address: The MAC address provided by the ARP.
Type: The type of addressing used.
Source Interface: The interface used to learn the entry in the ARP table.
Clear ARP Table: Click this button to delete all ARP Table entries.
4.4.5
Configure Streams
You can use the next group of pages to add and configure packet streams in the NetXpress
system. Streams must be configured at all end points in the network, and you must
instruct the NetXpress system to link portions of data among the TDM busses, electrical
ports, or IP destinations. The NetXpress system supports up to 32 full-duplex streams.
Streams cannot share the same source or destination channels on one NetXpress system
unless one of the streams is first placed out of service. Click Streams to access the
Streams table (Figure 4-53).
To activate (put in service), edit or delete streams, click the appropriate icon appearing at
the end of the row for the specific stream. The icons in the header row allow you to add a
stream, put all streams in service, or delete all streams. Click any stream table headers to
sort the stream table in ascending order by that header. Click the header again to sort the
stream table in descending order.
Figure 4-53. Streams Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
In-Service Stream Bandwidth (kbits/sec): The bandwidth (in kilobits per second) being used by
streams now in service.
In-Service FEC Streams: The number of IP packet streams in service at this time using forward error
correction. No more than 10 full duplex streams using FEC are allowed to be in service at a time.
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In-Service Telephony Streams: The number of telephony (voice signaling) streams now in service.
Total Stream Bandwidth (kbits/sec): The total bandwidth (in kilobits per second) required for stream
traffic if you were to activate all of the streams listed in the table.
Total Number of FEC Streams: The total number of IP packet streams using forward error correction.
Total Number of Telephony Streams: The total number of telephony (voice signaling) streams.
ID: An assigned index that uniquely identifies each stream.
Name: The description label that you may assign to the stream. If you point to the stream name with
your cursor, additional stream details appear.
Destination: The destination (IP address or electrical interface) for the stream.
Direction: Whether the stream is set to Transmit, Receive, or Both. Multicast streams are always
simplex (that is, either Transmit or Receive).
Date Created: The time and date when this stream was created.
Up Time: The length of time this stream has been continuously operational.
Operational State: The actual operational state of the stream (Up, Down, In Progress).
Admin State: Provisioned state of the stream session (In Service, Out of Service). This state is used
to provide administrative control information regarding the last state that was requested of the stream.
Table 4-1 shows the meaning of operational state/administrative state combinations.
Table 4-1. States Associated with Streams
Administrative
State
Operational
State
Out of Service
Down
Created stream not currently in service.
In Service
Down
For bidirectional and receive streams, you have put the stream in service, but the
NetXpress system has not received any packets. Transmit only streams have this
combination if the interface is down or a route does not exist to the destination.
Out of Service
Up
Not possible.
In Service
Up
You have put the stream in service, and the NetXpress system has received packets.
In Service
In Progress
Definition
The process of activating the stream is proceeding.
Put stream in service/out of service: Click
(activate it). Click
for a specific stream to put the stream in service
on the header row to put all streams in service. Click the ID of individual streams in
order to select multiple streams and then click
many streams at once. Click
or
on the header row to change the admin state of
for a specific stream to put the stream out service (deactivate it). Click
on the header row to put all streams out service.
Add/Edit/Delete: Click
to add a stream,
header row to delete all streams.
Clock: The
to edit a stream, or
to delete a stream. Click
in the
next to the stream name indicates that it has been selected as a timing stream.
Phone: The
next to the stream name indicates that voice signaling is enabled for the stream. The
color code of this icon matches that of the Operational State (green=no alarm or alert; yellow=alert; and
red=alarm).
4.4.5.1
Stream Creation
To add a packet stream, click
(Figure 4-54).
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on the Streams table. The Stream Creation – Stage 1 page appears
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Figure 4-54. Stream Creation – Stage 1 Page (TDM to IP)
If you click TDM to TDM on the Stream Creation – Stage 1 page, the page changes to this view
(Figure 4-55):
Figure 4-55. Stream Creation – Stage 1 Page (TDM to TDM)
Stream Name: Type a unique name describing the stream.
Stream Type: Click TDM to TDM if the endpoints of the stream are one of the system’s TDM busses or
TDM electrical interfaces rather than the IP network. TDM to IP is the default stream type.
Stream Direction – TDM to IP: Click Transmit or Both to change the stream direction to transmitting
or bidirectional. Receive is the default direction. TDM to TDM: Click Both to change the stream
direction to bidirectional. One Way (receive or transmit) is the default direction.
Cancel: Click this button to return to the Streams Table page without creating a new stream.
Next: After completing the Stream Creation – Stage 1 page, click this button to proceed to the Stage
2 stream creation page (Figure 4-56).
Note: See Figures 4-56 through 4-59 for TDM to IP Stream Creation page details. Figures 4-60 and
4-61 show TDM to TDM Stream Creation page details.
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TDM to IP Stream Creation
Figure 4-56. Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to IP) Page
Stream Name: The unique name entered in Stage 1 that describes the stream.
Transmission Type: Click Multicast to change the packet transmission (Unicast is default).
Forward Error Correction: Click either Low or High to specify the type of forward error correction
to be applied to this stream. None, the default, indicates that forward error correction is not to be
applied.
Stats Meas. Interval (secs): The update interval (5 to 10 seconds) on the stream statistics (5
seconds is default).
Enable Voice Signaling: Select this check box to enable telephony signaling transmission for the
stream. You need to enable signaling in order to transport telephone call progress signals and E&M
state changes on voice frequency (VF) TDM channel modules, as well as external T1/E1 ports. For
TDM over IP streams, signaling is transmitted out-of-band in a separate data stream that gets
created when the voice stream is put in-service. For NetXpress systems operating in E1 mode, you
also have to turn on CAS signaling for the internal TDM on which the voice channel module resides.
Otherwise, the signaling bits are not sent over the network.
Enable Echo Cancellation: Select this check box to enable echo cancellation for this stream. Echo
cancellation is only required for bi-directional two-wire voice streams where the destination is across
an IP network. If there are no echo cancellation boards installed on the NIM-1, this check box does
not appear.
Cancel: Click this button to return to the Streams Table page without creating a new stream.
Prev: Click this button to return to the Stream Creation Stage 1 page.
Next: After completing the Stream Creation – Stage 2 page, click this button to advance to the
Stream Creation – Stage 3 page (Figure 4-57).
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Figure 4-57. Stream Creation – Stage 3 (TDM to IP) Page
Stream Name: The unique name entered in Stage 1 that describes the stream.
Destination IP Address: Type the IP address for the WAN interface of the NetXpress system at the
other end of this stream.
Local UDP Port: Type the local UDP port in ingress and egress stream packets. The local UDP port
number must be between 50000 and 65535, inclusive.
Remote UDP Port: Type the remote or peer’s UDP port for ingress and egress stream packets. The
remote UDP port number must be between 50000 and 65535, inclusive.
CoS Priority: Click the CoS level option that applies to all egress packets for the stream: Low,
Medium, Normal, or High. Normal is default.
When the operational state of a receive stream changes to Down, the type of alarm created depends
on the CoS level selected here. A Normal or High level stream going down would create a major
alarm. A Medium level stream going down would create a minor alarm. A Low level stream going
down would not create any hardware alarm but would still contain an entry in the Current Alarms
and Alarm History tables for logging, traps, and other information. You can change the severity of
these alarms on the Networking | Class of Service | TOS Byte Configurations page.
Egress IP Pkts. TTL: Type the value of IP TTL (Time to Live, # of hops) to be used in egress stream
packets. The default is 64. This number is decremented once by every router that handles the
packet. Once this field reaches 0, the packet is discarded by the router and does not reach the
destination NetXpress system.
Cancel: Click this button to return to the Streams Table page without creating a new stream.
Prev: Click this button to return to the Stream Creation – Stage 2 page.
Next: After completing the Stream Creation – Stage 3 page, click this button to advance to the
Stream Creation – Stage 4 page (Figure 4-58).
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Figure 4-58. Stream Creation – Stage 4 (TDM to IP) Page
Stream Name: The unique name entered in Stage 1 that describes the stream.
Frameloss Mask: Click a number on this mask to indicate in which channel module slot(s) frame
loss (FRML) signals are to be asserted when the stream encounters loss of ingress packets.
Each slot in a GatesAir Intraplex T1/E1 multiplexer shares a signal known as FRML. This signal is used
by the channel modules to mute audio when the T1/E1 interface goes out of frame. This functionality
has also been incorporated in the NetXpress system so that the channel modules can mute audio
when a stream goes down. While one FRML signal is bussed to all slots in a Intraplex T1/E1
multiplexer, a separate FRML signal is routed to each slot in the NetXpress chassis. That way, the loss
of a stream will not force FRML to be asserted on all channel modules.
TDM Bus: Select the TDM bus (Bus 1A, Bus 2A, Bus 1B, Bus 2B, E1 Port A, E1 Port B, T1 Port
A, or T1 Port B) for the source of the stream data.
Packet Size (bytes): This is the number of bytes in a stream packet, automatically computed by
adding TDM Bus Frames per Packet and overhead (62).
TDM Bus Starting Channel: Type the number of the starting time slot (channel) on the TDM bus or
external T1/E1 port for this stream.
TDM Bus Channel Range: Type the number of time slots (channels) on the TDM bus or the external
T1/E1 port to include in the stream.
TDM Bus Frames per Packet: Type a number to define the “packetization” interval for the stream.
For a stream used as a timing source, the number of frames per payload should not exceed 8. For a
non-timing stream, the maximum frames per payload can go up to 1000 depending on the number of
timing TDM channels encapsulated per frame. The maximum payload size cannot exceed 1400 bytes.
Section 2 gives more information on packetization.
Jitter Buffer Size (packets): Select the number of packets in the jitter buffer (that is, 8, 16, 32,
64, or 128). Streams using FEC are restricted to jitter buffer sizes of 32, 64, or 128. The default is
32 packets. Increasing the size of the jitter buffer increases the system’s ability to compensate for
network jitter, but it also increases the latency of the packet stream.
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Stream Bandwidth (kbits/sec): This is the amount of bandwidth in kilobits per second required by
the stream, automatically computed based on number of TDM Bus Frames per Packet.
Stream Delay (milliseconds): This is the initial jitter/lead position in the Jitter Buffer, automatically
computed based on Jitter Buffer Size.
Stream Program Type: Defines the contents of the underrun buffer based on the type of program
stream. The underrun buffer gets played out to the internal TDM bus or external T1/E1 port any time
there is no packet from the IP network to play. Since different types of channel modules react
differently when receiving long strings of bits with a zero value or a one value, changing the value of
the underrun byte can improve how the module behaves when the network drops packets. For
example, APT-x compression modules mute faster when presented with a long string zero valued bits.
Select Compressed Audio/Data (0 channel value), Linear Audio/Voice (255 channel value), or
Enter Underrun Value Manually to type a value between 0 and 255.
Packet Underrun Byte: When Enter Underrun Value Manually is selected in the Stream
Program Type field, the Packet Underrun Byte field is enabled so that you can define the value of
the underrun byte. Type a value between 0 and 255.
Cancel: Click this button to return to the Streams Table page without creating a new stream.
Prev: Click this button to return to the Stream Creation – Stage 3 page.
Next: After completing the Stream Creation – Stage 4 page, click this button to advance to the
Stream Creation Summary page (Figure 4-59). If the TDM bus associated with this stream is not
connected to an IP port in the TDM bus map, a warning splash page appears.
Figure 4-59. Stream Creation Summary (TDM to IP) Page
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This page shows information from the previous Stream Creation pages.
Cancel: Click this button to return to the Streams Table page without creating a new stream.
Prev: Click this button to return to the Stream Creation – Stage 4 page.
Create: After assuring all entries are correct, click this button to actually create the stream.
Create & Activate: After assuring all entries are correct, click this button to create and activate the
stream on the shelf. This button is enabled only if TDM bus is connected to an IP port in the TDM bus
map.
TDM to TDM Stream Creation
Figure 4-60. Stream Creation – Stage 2 (TDM to TDM) Page
Stream Name: The unique name entered in Stage 1 that describes the stream.
Stream Direction: Whether the stream is One Way (receive or transmit) or Both.
Source TDM Bus: Click the TDM bus or external T1/E1 interface on the list that is the source for the
stream: TDM Bus 1A, TDM Bus 2A, TDM Bus 1B, TDM Bus 2B, E1 Port A, E1 Port B, T1 Port A,
or T1 Port B. For bidirectional streams, it does not matter which of the two busses is selected to be
the source.
Destination TDM Bus: Click the TDM bus or external T1/E1 interface on the list that is the
destination for the stream: TDM Bus 1A, TDM Bus 2A, TDM Bus 1B, TDM Bus 2B, E1 Port A, E1
Port B, T1 Port A, or T1 Port B. For bidirectional streams, it does not matter which of the two
busses is selected to be the source.
Source TDM Channel Start: Type the number of the starting time slot (channel) on the source TDM
bus or external T1/E1 port for this stream.
Destination TDM Channel Start: Type the number of the starting time slot (channel) on the
destination TDM bus or external T1/E1 port for this stream.
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Source TDM Channel Range: Type the number of time slots (channels) on the source TDM bus or
the external T1/E1 port to include in the stream.
Destination TDM Channel Range: Type the number of time slots (channels) on the destination
TDM bus or the external T1/E1 port to include in the stream.
Enable Voice Signaling: Select this check box to enable telephony for the stream.
Voice Card Used: Appears when the Enable Voice Signaling check box is selected. From the dropdown list, select the voice card to be used for signaling in this stream or select Enter signaling
insertion byte to type a value in the Signaling Insertion Byte field.
Signaling Insertion Byte: Appears when the Enable Voice Signaling check box is selected. This
field is automatically populated when you select Voice Card Used. If you select Enter signaling
insertion byte from the Voice Card Used drop-down list, you can type a value in this field.
Stream Program Type: Accept the default Compressed Audio/Data or click Linear Audio/Voice
on the list. To enter the number of packet underrun bytes, click Enter underrun value manually.
Packet Underrun Byte: Set automatically when Compressed Audio/Data or Linear Audio/Voice
is selected as the Stream Program Type. Otherwise, type the number of bytes for the packet
underrun.
Frameloss Mask: Click a number on this mask to indicate which channel module slot(s) FRML
signals are to be asserted when the stream encounters loss of ingress packets.
Cancel: Click this button to return to the Streams Table page without creating a new stream.
Prev: Click this button to return to the Stream Creation – Stage 1 page.
Next: After completing the Stream Creation – Stage 2 page, click this button to advance to the
Stream Creation Summary page (Figure 4-61). If the source and destination busses are not
connected in the TDM bus map, a warning splash page appears, asking if you want to continue.
Figure 4-61. Stream Creation Summary (TDM to TDM) Page
This page shows information from the previous Stream Creation pages.
Cancel: Click this button to return to the Streams Table without creating a new stream.
Prev: Click this button to return to the Stream Creation – Stage 2 page.
Create: After assuring all entries are correct, click this button to actually create the stream.
Create & Activate: After assuring all entries are correct, click this button to create and activate the
stream on the shelf. This button is enabled only if the source and destination busses are connected to
each other in the TDM bus map.
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4.4.5.2
4—System Configuration and Operation
Stream Edit/Deletion
To edit, delete, or put an existing stream in service, you must click an icon on the Streams table (Figure
4-62).
Figure 4-62. Streams Page
To edit an existing stream, click
at the end of the stream’s row on the stream table to access the edit
page (Figures 4-63 and 4-64). To delete an existing stream, click
at the end of the row. To put a
stream in service, click
. To take a stream out of service, click
. You can also use the icons in the
stream table header row to put all streams in service, take all streams out of service, or delete all
streams.
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Figure 4-63. TDM to IP Stream Edit Page
Figure 4-64. TDM to TDM Stream Edit Page
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When the editing page appears for the stream selected, you can edit the stream information in the same
manner as with the stream creation stages (Figures 4-54 and 4-56 through 4-59 to create a TDM to IP
stream and Figures 4-55, 4-60, and 4-61 to create a TDM to TDM stream).
Note: When you first access a stream edit page, the Put In Service button appears on the page. If you
change any data on the page, this button changes to Submit & Activate.
4.4.5.3
Stream Group
Click the ID cell on the stream row to add that stream to the stream group. Once a stream is added to
the group, the
,
, and
in the header of the stream table operate on all streams in the group
instead of all streams in the table. Any stream in the stream group has an ID in blue. You can remove a
stream from the group by clicking its stream ID cell again; the ID color returns to gray. To add or remove
all streams from the stream group, hold down the SHIFT key and click the stream ID header.
4.4.6
Check Multiplexer Performance
Use the Performance function in the NetXpress system to monitor IP multiplexer performance:
Streams: Streams Statistics table.
Voice Signaling: Voice Signaling Statistics table.
E1 Interfaces: E1 Port Statistics table.
T1 Interfaces: T1 Port Statistics table.
SNMP: SNMP Statistics table.
UDP: UDP Statistics table.
TCP: TCP Statistics table.
ICMP: ICMP Statistics table.
IGMP: IGMP Statistics table.
IP: IP Statistics table.
4.4.6.1
Stream Statistics
Click Streams on the Performance menu to access the Streams Statistics table (Figure 4-65). This
page shows statistics from the current interval for each stream in the table. Click the ID number of a
stream to view performance history (statistics for Stream 1 in Figure 4-66). Point to a table header and a
tooltip appears that gives a definition of the statistic.
Figure 4-65. Stream Statistics Page
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Figure 4-66. Performance History Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
ID/Index: On the current statistics interval page, the ID is the identification number assigned by the
system that uniquely identifies each stream (ID). The system keeps individual stream statistics for 10
index intervals. Click the ID button to view all the statistics from all the statistics intervals for the stream
selected.
Op State: Whether the stream is currently operational (in service).
Packet Count – Rx: The accumulated number of packets received for the stream.
Packet Count – Tx: The accumulated number of packets transmitted for the stream.
Rx Packet Statistics – Recovered: The number of packets recovered using Forward Error Correction.
Rx Packet Statistics – Lost: The accumulated number of packets that were lost in the packet network.
Total underrun packets minus the sum of early and late packets.
Rx Packet Statistics – Under: The accumulated number of times the system had to play out an
underrun packet in the time interval. An underrun condition can happen due to a lost, early, or late
packet.
Rx Packet Statistics – Early: The accumulated number of packets that were discarded by the system
because they arrived too soon to play out.
Rx Packet Statistics – Late: The accumulated number of packets that were discarded by the system
because they arrived after the playout time passed.
Rx Queue – Cur: The current number of packets present in the jitter buffer at the instance the statistics
were sampled.
Rx Queue – Min: The minimum number of packets that were present in the jitter buffer in the interval.
Rx Queue – Max: The maximum number of packets that were present in the jitter buffer in the interval.
Rx Queue – Avg: The average number of packets present in the jitter buffer in the interval.
Meas – PDV: The Measured Packet Delay Variation, the average of maximum and minimum packets
present in the jitter buffer.
Clear Stats/History: Click
on the header row of the Streams Statistics table to clear all statistics
on the table. Click
on the stream row to clear all statistics for that stream. Click the Clear History
button on the Performance History table to clear the stream statistics performance history for that
stream.
Close: Click this button to close the Performance History page.
4.4.6.2
Voice Signaling Statistics
Click Voice Signaling on the Performance menu to access the Voice Signaling Statistics table
(Figure 4-67). This table shows state change, packet loss, and out of order information for voice signaling
streams.
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Figure 4-67. Voice Signaling Statistics Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Index: Number assigned that uniquely identifies the stream in the stream table.
Stream Name: Unique name assigned to the stream by the user.
Tx Signaling State Changes: The number of transmit call state changes per signaling stream.
Rx Signaling State Changes: The number of receive call state changes per signaling stream.
Packets Lost: The number of lost packets per signaling stream.
Packets Out of Order: The number of packets received out of order per signaling stream.
4.4.6.3
E1 and T1 Port Statistics
Click E1 Interfaces on the Performance menu to access the E1 Port Statistics table (Figure 4-68)
and T1 Interfaces on the Performance menu to access the T1 Port Statistics table (Figure 4-69).
These pages show both current and cumulative interval statistics for the near and far ends of the E1 and
T1 Port A and Port B. Click a Current Interval port button to view statistic intervals for that port.
Figures 4-70 and 4-71 show statistic intervals for an E1 Port A Far End and a T1 Port A Far End. The
Near End pages do not show the LCV statistic intervals.
Figure 4-68. E1 Port Statistics Page
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Figure 4-69. T1 Port Statistics Page
Figure 4-70. Port Statistics Intervals Page – E1 Near End Port
Figure 4-71. Port Statistics Intervals Page – T1 Near End Port
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
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Near End: The statistics for the closer end of the E1 port.
Far End: The statistics for the farther end of the E1 port.
Current Interval Statistics: The statistics of the interval currently.
Cumulative Interval Statistics: An average of interval statistics.
ES: Errored Seconds; the number of seconds in which at least one code violation (CV) was detected on
the circuit.
SES: Severely Errored Seconds. An SES is a second in which a severe number of errors are detected over
the circuit.
SEFS: Severely Errored Framed Seconds; a count of the number of seconds during which, at any point,
the Severely Errored Framing (SEF) defect was present.
UAS: Unavailable Seconds; a count of one-second intervals during which service is unavailable.
CSS: Controlled Slip Seconds; a count of one-second intervals of one or more controlled slips. A
controlled slip is the occurrence of a replication or deletion of a T1 frame by the receiving terminal.
PCV: Path Coding Violations; the number of code violations per second within the path.
LES: Line Errored Seconds; a count of one-second intervals in which one or more LCV error events were
detected.
BES: Bursty Errored Seconds; a count of one-second intervals greater than one and less than 320 CRC
error events.
LCV: Line Code Violations; the number of code violations per second within the line.
Interval: The specific interval to which these statistics correspond.
4.4.6.4
SNMP Statistics
Select SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) from the Performance menu to view SNMP
message information on the SNMP Statistics page for the IP multiplexer (Figure 4-72). These are total
statistics since the system last rebooted. All of the statistics are totals since the system last rebooted.
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Figure 4-72. SNMP Statistics Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Total Messages Rcvd: The number of messages delivered to the NetXpress SNMP Agent from the
transport service.
Total Messages Sent: The number of SNMP Messages passed from the NetXpress SNMP Agent to the
transport service.
Get Requests Rcvd: The number of SNMP Get-Request PDUs (protocol data units) accepted and
processed by the NetXpress SNMP Agent.
Get Requests Sent: The number of SNMP GET requests sent by the NetXpress SNMP Agent to the
another SNMP protocol entity in the network.
Get Responses Rcvd: The total number of SNMP Get-Response PDUs received by the NetXpress SNMP
Agent from another SNMP protocol entity in the network.
Get Responses Sent: The total number of SNMP Get-Response PDUs generated by the NetXpress SNMP
Agent.
Get Next Requests Rcvd: The total number of SNMP Get-Next PDUs accepted and processed by the
NetXpress SNMP Agent.
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Get Next Requests Sent: The total number of SNMP Get-Next PDUs generated by the NetXpress SNMP
Agent.
Set Requests Rcvd: The total number of SNMP Set-Request PDUs accepted and processed by the
NetXpress SNMP Agent.
Set Requests Sent: The total number of SNMP Set-Request PDUs sent by the NetXpress SNMP Agent to
another SNMP protocol entity in the network.
Total Variables Requested: The total number of requested variables - number of variable bindings
processed by the NetXpress SNMP agent
Total Variables Set: The number of objects altered successfully by the NetXpress SNMP Agent as the
result of receiving valid SNMP Set-Request PDUs.
Traps Rcvd: The total number of unsolicited messages (traps) received by the NetXpress SNMP
Agent from another SNMP protocol entity in the network.
Traps Sent: The total number of SNMP Trap PDUs generated by the NetXpress SNMP Agent.
Too Big Rcvd: The total number of SNMP PDUs received by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for which the
value of the error-status field was “tooBig”.
Too Big Sent: The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for which the
value of the error-status field was “tooBig”.
No Such Name Rcvd: The total number of SNMP PDUs received by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for which
the value of the error-status field was “noSuchName”.
No Such Name Sent: The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for
which the value of the error-status was “noSuchName”.
Bad Value Rcvd: The number of SNMP PDUs received by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for which the value
of the error-status field is “badValue”.
Bad Value Sent: The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for which the
value of the error-status field was “badValue”.
Generic Error Rcvd: The total number of SNMP PDUs received by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for which
the value of the error-status field was “genErr”.
Generic Error Sent: The total number of SNMP PDUs generated by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for which
the value of the error-status field was “genErr”.
Bad Versions Rcvd: The total number of SNMP messages received by the NetXpress SNMP Agent for an
unsupported SNMP version.
Bad Community Names Rcvd: The total number of SNMP messages received by the NetXpress SNMP
Agent using an SNMP community name not known to the entity.
Bad Community Uses Rcvd: The total number of SNMP Messages received by the NetXpress SNMP
Agent representing an SNMP operation not allowed by the SNMP community named in the message.
ASN Parse Errors: The total number of ASN.1 or BER errors encountered by the NetXpress SNMP Agent
when decoding received SNMP messages.
Readonlys Rcvd: The number of valid SNMP PDUs delivered to the SNMP protocol entity for which the
value of the error-status field is “readOnly”, indicating incorrect implementation of SNMP.
4.4.6.5
UDP Statistics
This page (Figure 4-73) reveals User Datagram Protocol (UDP) statistical information. A datagram is an
independent, self-contained message sent over the network. To access the UDP Statistics page, point to
Performance and click UDP.
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Figure 4-73. UDP Statistics Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Total Datagrams Received: The total number of UDP datagrams received by the NetXpress system
from the network.
Total Datagrams Sent: The total number of UDP datagrams sent from the NetXpress system to the
network.
Total Datagrams Rcvd With No Listener: The total number UDP datagrams received by NetXpress for
which there was no application in the NetXpress system listening to the destination port
Total Datagrams Rcvd In Error: The number of UDP datagrams received by the NetXpress system that
could not be delivered for reasons other than the lack of an application at the destination port.
4.4.6.6
TCP Statistics
This read-only page (Figure 4-74) reveals TCP (Transfer Control Protocol) statistical information specific
to your NetXpress operation. TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of
data. TCP guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that packets are delivered in the same order
in which they were sent. To access the TCP Statistics page, point to Performance and click TCP.
Figure 4-74. TCP Statistics Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Total Segments Rcvd: The total number of segments received by the NetXpress system, including those
received in error.
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Total Segments Sent: The total number of segments sent by the NetXpress system, including those on
current connections.
Total Error Segments Rcvd: The number of TCP messages received by the NetXpress system but were
determined to have ICMP-specific errors (bad TCP checksums, and so forth).
Total Segments Sent with RST Flag: The number of TCP segments sent by the NetXpress system
containing the RST (reset) flag.
Maximum Number of Connections: The maximum number of open connections TCP supported on the
NetXpress system simultaneously. This number is only limited by available memory.
Total Segments Retransmitted: The number of TCP segments transmitted by the NetXpress system
containing one or more previously transmitted octets.
Minimum Retransmission Timeout: The minimum number of times that TCP retransmits a packet
before a retransmission is started.
Maximum Retransmission Timeout: This is the maximum number of times that TCP retransmits a
packet before a retransmission is started.
Current Established Connections: The number of TCP connections for which the current
state is either ESTABLISHED or CLOSE-WAIT.
Failed Connection Attempts: Number of times TCP connections have made a direct transition to the
CLOSED state from either SYN-SENT state or SYN-RCVD state, plus the number of times TCP connections
have made a direct transition to the LISTEN state from the SYN-RCVD state.
Transitions from CLOSED to SYN-SENT: The number of times TCP connections have made a direct
transition to the SYN-SENT state from the CLOSED state.
Transitions from LISTEN to SYN-RCVD: The number of times TCP connections have made a direct
transition to the SYN-RCVD state from the LISTEN state.
Number Connection Resets: Specifies the number of established connections reset.
4.4.6.7
ICMP Statistics
This read-only page (Figure 4-75) shows statistical information related to Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP). ICMP delivers error and control messages from hosts to message requestors. An ICMP
test may determine whether a destination is reachable. To access the ICMP Statistics page, point to
Performance and click ICMP.
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Figure 4-75. ICMP Statistics Page
Total Messages Rcvd: Total number of Internet Control Messages received by the NetXpress system.
Total Messages Sent: Total number of Internet Control Messages transmitted by the NetXpress system.
Destination Unreachable Messages Rcvd: The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable
messages received by the NetXpress system.
Destination Unreachable Messages Sent: The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable
messages sent by the NetXpress system.
Redirect Messages Rcvd: The number of redirect messages received by the NetXpress system. A
redirect message is sent to the originating computer when a better route is discovered for a datagram
sent by that computer.
Redirect Messages Sent: The number of redirect messages sent by the NetXpress system.
Source Quench Messages Rcvd: The number of requests received by the NetXpress system to cut back
the rate at which it is sending traffic to the internet destination.
Source Quench Messages Sent: The number of requests sent to the NetXpress system to cut back the
rate at which it is sending traffic to the internet destination.
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Echo Request Messages Rcvd: The number of ICMP Echo (request) messages received by the
NetXpress system.
Echo Reply Messages Sent: The number of echo replies sent by the NetXpress system. A computer
sends an echo reply in response to receiving an echo request message.
Echo Request Messages Sent: The number of echo requests sent by the NetXpress system. An echo
request causes the receiving computer to send an echo reply message back to the originating computer.
Echo Reply Messages Rcvd: The number of echo replies received by the NetXpress system. A computer
sends an echo reply in response to receiving an echo request message.
Time Exceeded Messages Rcvd: The number of time-to-live (TTL) exceeded messages received by the
NetXpress system. A time-to-live exceeded message is sent to the originating computer when a datagram
is discarded because the number of routers it has passed through exceeds its time-to-live value.
Time Exceeded Messages Sent: The number of time-to-live (TTL) exceeded messages sent by the
NetXpress system.
Parameter Problem Messages Rcvd: The number of parameter-problem messages received by the
NetXpress system. A parameter-problem message is sent to the originating computer when a router or
host detects an error in a datagram's IP header.
Parameter Problem Messages Sent: The number of parameter-problem messages sent by the
NetXpress system.
Inbound Messages with Errors: The number of messages received by the NetXpress system with
errors.
Outbound Messages with Errors: The number of messages sent by the NetXpress system with errors.
Timestamp Request Messages Rcvd: The number of time-stamp requests received by the NetXpress
system. A time-stamp request causes the receiving computer to send a time-stamp reply back to the
originating computer.
Timestamp Reply Messages Sent: The number of time-stamp replies sent by the NetXpress system. A
computer sends a time-stamp reply in response to receiving a time-stamp request. Routers can use timestamp requests and replies to measure the transmission speed of datagrams on a network.
Timestamp Request Messages Sent: The number of time-stamp requests sent by the NetXpress
system.
Timestamp Reply Messages Rcvd: The number of time-stamp replies received by the NetXpress
system.
Address Mask Request Messages Rcvd: The number of address mask requests received by the
NetXpress system. A computer sends an address mask request to determine the number of bits in the
subnet mask for its local subnet.
Address Mask Reply Messages Sent: The number of address mask responses sent by the NetXpress
system. A computer sends an address mask response in response to an address mask request.
Address Mask Request Messages Sent: The number of address mask requests sent by the NetXpress
system.
Address Mask Reply Messages Rcvd: The number of address mask responses received by the
NetXpress system.
4.4.6.8
IGMP Statistics
This read-only page (Figure 4-76) shows Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) statistics relative
to your NetXpress operation. IGMP is defined as the standard for IP multicasting. All hosts conforming to
level 2 of the IP multicasting specification require IGMP. To access the IGMP Statistics page, point to
Performance and click IGMP.
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Figure 4-76. IGMP Statistics Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Total Queries Received: Total number of incoming queries received by the NetXpress system.
Outgoing Membership Report Sent: Total number of membership reports sent by the NetXpress
system.
Outgoing Membership Leave Sent: Total number of membership leave messages sent by the
NetXpress system.
Group Address: IP multicast group address for which this entry contains information.
Membership Reports Sent: Number of membership reports sent for the group.
Total Queries Received: Number of times the router has sent queries for this group.
Uptime: Time elapsed since this entry was created.
4.4.6.9
IP Statistics
This read-only page (Figure 4-77) shows IP statistical information related to your NetXpress operation. IP
is a standard regulating how packets of data are transported across the Internet and recognized as
incoming messages. The statistics shown here do not include statistics on IP datagrams that are sent
over the WAN interface as a result of streams. To access the IP Statistics page, point to Performance
and click IP.
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Figure 4-77. IP Statistics Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
IP Forwarding: Whether IP forwarding is enabled or disabled.
IP Default TTL: The default Time to Live (TTL) value put in each IP packet sent by the NetXpress
system. This defines the number of router hops that can be made before this packet is dropped.
Total Datagrams Rcvd: The total number of input datagrams received by the NetXpress IP protocol
stack, including those received in error.
Total Datagrams Sent: The total number of UDP datagrams sent from the NetXpress system.
Delivered Datagrams: Total number of IP datagrams received by the NetXpress system.
Forwarded Datagrams: The number of datagrams forwarded by the NetXpress system to another
destination in the network.
Input Datagrams Discarded: The number of input IP datagrams received by NetXpress IP protocol
stack with no errors but were discarded for other reasons (for example, for lack of buffer space).
Output Datagrams Discarded: The number of output IP datagrams received by the NetXpress IP
protocol stack with no errors but were discarded for other reasons (for example, for lack of buffer space).
Rx Header Errors: The number of packets containing header errors.
Rx Address Errors: The number of packets received by the NetXpress system containing addressing
errors.
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Unknown Protocols Rcvd: The number of packets received by the NetXpress system containing
unknown protocols.
Unroutable Datagrams: The number of datagrams received by the NetXpress IP protocol stack that
could not be routed.
IP Fragments Rcvd: The number of received packets fragmented successfully.
IP Fragments Sent: The number of frames requiring fragmentation before sending.
Reassembled Datagrams: The number of fragmented datagrams that have been reassembled by the
NetXpress IP protocol stack.
Fragmented Datagrams: The number of fragmented datagrams received by the NetXpress IP protocol
stack.
Failed Reassemblies: The number of attempted datagram reassemblies by the NetXpress system.
Failed Fragmentations: The number of datagram fragmentations that failed.
Reassembly Timeout: A value in seconds. A host may receive a Reassembly Timeout message from a
destination host that has timed out and discarded an incomplete datagram.
Routing Discards: Number of valid and invalid routing entries discarded by the NetXpress system.
4.4.7
Set up Accounts
Use the Accounts configuration function in the NetXpress system to establish and control
user access and FTP privileges through password entry. To begin NetXpress accounts
configuration, click Accounts. The first Accounts page appears (Figure 4-78), allowing
you to create and change account passwords. To change the password for the GUI account
or to edit an FTP account, click
on the corresponding row. To restore the GUI password
or delete an FTP account, click
on the corresponding row.
Figure 4-78. Accounts Configuration Pages
Username: If the username exists, the system shows it in the account entry page (GUI or FTP). If it
does not exist, type a username for account access.
Current Password: If you are changing an account password, type your current password in this field.
New Password: If you are changing a password or typing a password for the first time, type it in this
field.
Confirm New Password: Retype the password in this field.
Back: Click this button to exit this page without saving any entries.
Submit: Click this button to apply the new entries on this page.
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4—System Configuration and Operation
Send Echo Requests
You can send echo requests to a host IP address using the PING Utility. To access
the PING Utility page (Figure 4-79), point to Utilities and click Ping.
Figure 4-79. Ping Utility Page
Host IP Address: Type the target (Host IP address) to be pinged.
Don’t Route Past Local Network: Select this check box to limit the ping request to the local subnet
only.
Number of Packets: Type a number of echo requests (packet ping requests) to be sent or click the
arrows to increase or decrease the number shown. Default is 1.
PING Result: The result of the ping request (Got Response or No Response).
Send Ping: Click this button to execute the ping request.
4.4.9
View Power Supply Information
To configure the primary or backup power supply module in the NetXpress system, click the Open button
at the bottom of the power supply module column on the NetXpress Home page. Figure 4-80 shows a
standard power supply, and Figure 4-81 shows a 200W-AC power supply.
Figure 4-80. Standard Power Supply Page
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Power Supply Status: Current status of the power supply module (Running or Failed).
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Power Supply Temperature Sensor 1: The temperature of the first power supply sensor.
Power Supply Temperature Sensor 2: The temperature of the second power supply sensor.
Power Supply 3.3 Volts PS: 3.3 Volts power supply measured voltage.
Power Supply 5 Volts PS: 5 Volts power supply measured voltage.
Power Supply 3.3 Volts Midplane: 3.3 Volts power supply measured midplane measured voltage.
Power Supply 5 Volts Midplane: 5 Volts power supply measured midplane measured voltage.
Power Supply +/- 15 Volts Bus: +/-15 volts bus measured voltage.
High Temperature Alarm Threshold (°C): Type the Maximum Power Supply Temperature Threshold in
degrees Celsius (default value 90). When the temperature of the power supply exceeds the value entered
(90 for example), the NetXpress system generates an SNMP trap and shows an alarm message on the
Current Alarms and Alarm History pages.
Submit: Click this button to apply changes to your Hi Temperature Alarm Threshold. All other page
fields are read-only.
Figure 4-81. 200W-AC Power Supply Configuration Page
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Power Supply Status: Current status of the power supply module (Running or Failed).
3.3 Volts Measurement: 3.3 Volts power supply measured voltage.
5 Volts Measurement: 5 Volts power supply measured voltage.
+15 Volts Measurement: +15 Volts bus measured voltage.
-15 Volts Measurement: -15 Volts bus measured voltage.
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Fan 1 Speed (RPM): Revolutions Per Minute of the first (top) fan.
Fan 2 Speed (RPM): RPM of the second (middle) fan.
Fan 3 Speed (RPM): RPM of the third (bottom) fan.
Revision: Identifies which version of power supply code this module is using.
High Temperature Alarm Threshold (°C): Type the Maximum Power Supply Temperature Threshold in
degrees Celsius (default value 90). When the temperature of the power supply exceeds the value entered
(90 for example), the NetXpress system generates an SNMP trap and shows an alarm message on the
Current Alarms and Alarm History pages.
Peak Supply Temperature (°C): The highest temperature of the three power supply sensors
(Temperature Sensor 1, Temperature Sensor 2, and Temperature Sensor 3).
Submit: Click this button to apply your Hi Temperature Alarm Threshold. All other page fields are readonly.
Show Extended Parameters: Select this check box to view these additional fields:
3.3 Volts Measurement (System): 3.3 Volts power supply measured voltage.
5 Volts Measurement (System): 5 Volts power supply measured voltage.
+15 Volts Measurement (System): +15 Volts bus measured voltage.
-15 Volts Measurement (System): -15 Volts bus measured voltage.
Temperature Sensor 1 (°C): The temperature at the first power supply sensor.
Temperature Sensor 2 (°C): The temperature at the second power supply sensor.
Temperature Sensor 3 (°C): The temperature at the third power supply sensor.
4.4.10
Configure Primary/Secondary Network Interface Module (NIM)
You can have a secondary (redundant) NIM in case the primary NIM fails or to help reduce service
interruption when installing software upgrades. Section 4.3 gives details on configuring and operating
primary and secondary NIMs (that is, NIM redundancy).
Both the primary and the secondary NIMs have four configuration pages:
●
General
●
Revisions
●
Program Boot ROM
●
MIU 202
If the NIM you are viewing is auto-programmed, you only see the General page. There are no tabs for
revisions, the boot ROM, or the module interface unit (MIU).
4.4.10.1 NIM-1 General Configuration
The General configuration page (Figure 4-82) allows you to view information for the NIM (for example,
IP and MAC addresses, serial number, and insertion date) and modify the board description.
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Figure 4-82. NIM-1 Network Interface Module: General Page
Active/Standby status bar: This bar indicates whether the NIM is Active (that is, currently providing
operational services) or Standby (that is, currently synchronized with or in the process of synchronizing
with the Active NIM and can take over the role of the Active NIM). If the NIM is Active, the bar appears
green. If the NIM is Standby, the bar appears gray.
Board Description: The unique name you give this NIM. Type a name and click Submit to set that
name for the NIM.
Slot Number: The slot position this NIM currently occupies. Read-only.
IP Address 1: The address for this NIM. Read-only.
MAC Address 1: The MAC address for this NIM. Read-only.
IP Address 2: An alternate address for this NIM. Read-only.
MAC Address 2: An alternate address for this NIM. Read-only.
IP Address 3: An alternate address for this NIM. Read-only.
MAC Address 3: An alternate address for this NIM. Read-only.
Serial Number: The serial number assigned to this NIM when it was manufactured. Read-only.
Manufacturing Date: The date the NIM was manufactured in the factory. Read-only.
Module Up Time: How long the module has been in service. Read-only.
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Insertion Date: Date and time of the last system restart. Read-only.
Echo Cancellers Installed: Number of echo cancellers currently installed. Read-only.
Last Software Upgrade Date: The date the system software was last updated. Read-only.
Loopback State: Whether or not there is a loopback set for the system.
5 Volts Power Consumption (watts): 5 Volts power supply measured voltage.
3.3 Volts Power Consumption (watts): 3.3 Volts power supply measured voltage.
15 Volts Power Consumption (watts): 15 Volts power consumption measured voltage.
-15 Volts Power Consumption (watts): Negative 15 Volts power consumption measured voltage.
Reset: Click this button to change the page fields back to the original values.
Submit: Apply all changes you made to this page.
Put In/Out of Service: Click this button to put the NIM in service or take the NIM out of service. If the
NIM is operating, this button appears as “Put Out of Service.” Likewise, if the NIM is not operating, this
button appears as “Put In Service.”
Reset Module: Reset the NIM.
4.4.10.2 NIM-1 Revisions Configuration
The Revisions configuration page (Figure 4-83) allows you to view version information for the NIM (for
example, application, FPGA, hardware board revision, and so forth) and modify the board description.
Figure 4-83. NIM-1 Network Interface Module: Revisions Page
Application Version: Version number of the NIM application software currently running on the NIM.
Read-only.
Application Creation Date: Date and time the NIM application software was built. Read-only.
FPGA Version: Version number of the NIM FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) image file. Read-only.
CPLD Version: Version number of the NIM CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device). Read-only.
Boot Loader Version: Revision number for the bootloader software used to load the application
software from the Flash device. Read-only.
Hardware Board Revision: Revision number for this NIM module board. Read-only.
Hardware Assembly Number: Factory assembly number for this NIM module board. Read-only.
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4.4.10.3 NIM-1 Program Boot ROM Configuration
The Program Boot ROM configuration page (Figure 4-84) allows you to view and modify the Boot ROM
Load Image configuration information used to program the system boot code of the NIM-1.
Figure 4-84. NIM-1 Network Interface Module: Program Boot ROM Page
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually, or click 5s, 10s, or 30s to automatically refresh the
browser at 5, 10, or 30 second intervals.
Boot ROM Image Filename: The name of the Boot ROM file presently programmed on this NIM. Readonly.
Programming Status: The current status of the program command (Idle, In Progress, or
Completed). Read-only.
Program: Click this button to initiate the boot code programming command.
NetXpress Flash Device Directory: The current directory location of the NetXpress flash device. Use
this field to type a new directory location and click Change Directory to submit the new entry.
Change Directory: Click this button to view the contents of the directory on the NetXpress flash device
given in the Directory on NetXpress Flash Device field. Use /RFA/ and /RFA2/ as valid root
directories.
The gray table is the directory listing showing the files stored on the NetXpress flash. This information is
present on the page in order to assist you in locating the available boot ROM file name.
To obtain the software and boot ROM download process in the latest version’s release notes:
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1. Go to http://www.gatesair.com.
2. Click Services and Support | Customer Support Portal.
3. At Customer Login, enter your User ID and Password.
4. At Self Service, click Download Software Updates.
5. At the Table of Contents, click Intraplex.
6. At the Intraplex: Table of Contents, click NetXpress.
7. Click the link for the latest version of the NetXpress software.
8. Click Save on the dialog box and save the zipped file to your hard drive.
9. Open the zipped file and open the release notes.
10. Repeat the previous two steps to download the latest version of the MIBs and MIB overview as well.
4.4.10.4 MIU-202 Configuration
The MIU 202 configuration page (Figure 4-85) allows you to view MIU-202 information for the NIM (for
example, serial number, time module has been in service, manufacturing date, power consumption, and
so forth) and modify the board description.
Figure 4-85. NIM-1 Network Interface Module: MIU-201 Page
Board Description: The unique user-defined name for this NIM. You can type a name and click Submit
to set that name for the NIM.
Slot Number: The slot position this NIM currently occupies. Read-only.
Serial Number: The serial number assigned to this NIM when it was manufactured. Read-only.
Manufacturing Date: The date the NIM was manufactured in the factory. Read-only.
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Hardware Version: Version number for this MIU 202. Read-only.
Module Up Time: The number of days, hours, minutes, and seconds that this board has been in service.
Read-only.
Insertion Date: The date this module was most recently inserted in the multiplexer slot. Read-only.
FPGA Version: Version number of the NIM FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) image file. Read-only.
Hardware Assembly Number: Factory assembly number for this MIU 202. Read-only.
5 Volts Power Consumption (watts): 5 Volts power supply measured voltage.
3.3 Volts Power Consumption (watts): 3.3 Volts power supply measured voltage.
15 Volts Power Consumption (watts): 15 Volts power consumption measured voltage.
-15 Volts Power Consumption (watts): Negative 15 Volts power consumption measured voltage.
Reset: Click this button to change page fields back to the original values.
Submit: Apply all changes you made to this page.
4.4.11
Configure Individual Modules (TDM Modules and CAMs)
From the NetXpress Home page, you can access configuration and status pages for individual TDM
modules and channel access modules. Click the Open button for the desired module on the Home page.
Figure 4-86. DA-91A Configuration Page
The examples to the right (Figures 4-86 and 4-87) show the
configuration and status pages for a DA-91A Data Polling
Module. Once you access the configuration page (above), click
the Status tab to access the module’s status page (right).
The P Codes section of each module’s operation manual gives
additional details on configuration parameters for specific
audio, voice, and data modules. (Section 3.4.1 – P Codes of
the PT/PR-150C Module Installation and Operation Manual
gives details relative to configuration parameters.)
These pages contain configuration and status sample pages for
Intraplex program audio (PT/PR-353 – Figures 4-88 and 4-89),
voice (VF-25E – Figures 4-90 and 4-91), and data (DS-64NC –
Figures 4-92 and 4-93) modules. Below each sample page is a
detailed explanation of each page field.
Figure 4-87. DA-91A Status Page
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Sample Program Audio Module Configuration and Status
Figure 4-88. PT-353 Configuration Page
Alias Name: Type a name to help identify the module type.
Shelf Address: The IP address for the multiplexer shelf housing the module. This field is read-only.
Card Address: SCB address assigned to the module. Each module must have a unique address. Valid
addresses are 1 through 36. This field is read-only.
TDM Bus: The TDM bus identifier on which the channel module resides. This field is read-only.
Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf.
Remote Control: The desired operation for the module (REMOTE or LOCAL). This field is read-only.
Enable Module: Select this check box to place the module in service. If left blank, the module remains
offline.
Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured. This field is read-only.
TDM Bus Configuration
●
Timeslot: Click an up or down arrow to specify the desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in T1 system, 1
to 31 in E1 system).
●
TDM Bus: Click either Bus A or Bus B on the list to indicate the current bus side.
●
Skip Timeslot 16: Select this check box to set the module for use in an E1 (2MB) multiplexer set for
CAS signaling.
Audio Configuration
●
Bandwidth: Click the audio sample rate bandwidth from the list (32 ksps, 44.1 ksps, 48 ksps).
●
Mode: Click the mode (Mono or Stereo).
●
Turn Test Tone On: (PT Modules Only) Select this check box to enable a built-in +8dB test tone on
the active channels.
●
Use J.17 Emphasis: Select this check box to enable emphasis on the outgoing signal in accordance
with ITU-T Recommendation J.17. If the transmitter module emphasis is enabled, the receiver
module de-emphasis must be enabled and vice versa.
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●
Remove DC Offset: Select this check box to enable DC offset removal in DSP (digital signal
processor). Offset refers to the removal of any DC component in the waveform.
●
Use Sample Rate Converter: Select this check box to enable use of the Asynchronous Sample Rate
Converter (ASRC). The digital audio sample rate can be locked to a local reference at the receive site
using an ASRC.
Input Sensitivity (dBu F/S): Shows the module’s current input sensitivity. This field is read-only.
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Submit: Click this button to apply the configuration values entered on this page.
Reset: Click this button to change page fields back to the original values.
Previous Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
left of this module.
Next Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
right of this module.
Figure 4-89. PT-353 Status Page
The Status page fields are read-only; you cannot change any values on this page.
Alias Name: The user-specified name for the module to help identify module type.
Shelf Address: IP address for the multiplexer shelf housing the module.
Card Address: SCB address assigned to the module. Each module must have a unique address. Valid
addresses are 1 through 36.
TDM Bus: The TDM bus on which the channel module resides.
Module Adapter: Type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf.
Remote Control: Desired operation for the module (REMOTE or LOCAL).
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Enable Module: Whether the module is in service or offline.
Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured.
In Service: Whether the module is in service (green) or out of service gray).
Alarm: If there is an active alarm (red) or alert (yellow) on the module.
Config Error: Whether there is a configuration error (red) or normal condition (green). A configuration
error occurs when the time slot for the module is conflicting with another module in the system or when
the number of occupied time slots exceeds system availability.
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually or click an option to set the browser to refresh
automatically at 5 second, 10 second, or 30 second intervals.
TDM Bus Configuration
●
Timeslot: The 64 kbps time slots that make up a T1 or E1 circuit. The number of time slots varies for
each type of module. The time slot that you specify is for the starting time slot only. If the module
occupies more than one slot, you must make certain there are sufficient time slots available.
●
TDM Bus: The current bus side, either Bus A or Bus B.
Version
●
DSP: The version number of the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) firmware that is currently installed.
●
Firmware: The version number of the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) design that is currently
installed.
Transmitter Settings
●
Sample Rate: The current sample rate (in ksps) for the module.
●
Audio Mode: The current audio setting (Mono or Stereo).
●
Test Tone On: When selected, the test tone is enabled for the module.
●
Use J.17 Emphasis: When selected, Analog Emphasis is used. To reduce the effects of noise on the
signal, higher frequency signals are amplified to produce a more equitable modulation index for the
transmitted signal. The emphasis must be removed from the received signal before processing.
●
Remove DC Offset: When selected, Offset is enabled. Offset enable provides DC offset removal in
the DSP (digital signal processor).
●
Use Sample Rate Converter: When selected, Sample Rate Conversion is enabled for the audio
sample.
Audio Source:
●
Digital input is in use: This light is green if the input is in use and gray if it is not in use.
●
Analog input is in use: This light is green if the input is in use and gray if it is not in use.
Transmit Status
●
Audio Activity: When this light is green, either there is no audio activity or audio activity detected in
the left channel if the signal is -28 dBFS.
●
Audio Error: When this light is red, either there is no audio errors detected or an AES/EBU error
detected on the incoming signal.
Digital Transmit Level
●
Left and Right: The transmission signal strength on left and right channels. The signal should not
consistently exceed the Red indicator that signifies an overload condition of +20dBm or more.
●
Input Sensitivity: The module’s current input sensitivity setting.
Previous Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
left of this module.
Next Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
right of this module.
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4.4.11.2
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Sample Voice Module Configuration and Status
Figure 4-90. VF-25E Configuration Page
Alias Name: Type a name to help identify the module type.
Shelf Address: The IP address for the multiplexer shelf housing the module. This field is read-only.
Card Address: SCB address assigned to the module. Each module must have a unique address. Valid
addresses are 1 through 36. This field is read-only.
TDM Bus: The TDM bus identifier on which the channel module resides. This field is read-only.
Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf.
Remote Control: The desired operation for the module (REMOTE or LOCAL). This field is read-only.
Enable Module: Select this check box to place the module in service. If left blank, the module remains
offline.
Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured. This field is read-only.
TDM Bus Configuration
●
Timeslot: Click an up or down arrow to specify the desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in T1 system, 1
to 31 in E1 system).
●
TDM Bus: Click either Bus A or Bus B on the list to indicate the current bus side.
Active Channels: Select the audio channels (1, 2, 3, 4) to enable on the module. Each active channel
occupies one DS0 time slot.
Signaling Configuration
●
Use Signaling: Select this check box to enable E-lead and M-lead circuit signaling. (The audio
channel is still operational even if signaling is disabled.)
●
Set C Bit to 1: For REV A1 and later, select this check box to set the C bit to 1. (If the check box is
cleared, the C bit is set to 0.)
Loopbacks
●
Local: For testing purposes, loopback sends the input channel audio and signaling to its own local
output channel.
●
Channels 1-4: When a remote loopback is active (On), the local channel module sends a loopback
command to the far end channel module. The far end module continues to process the incoming
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receive side data and sends it to the user as usual but also loops that data to the transmit side of the
module, processes it and returns the data to the originating module.
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
Submit: Click this button to apply the configuration values entered on this page.
Reset: Click this button to change page fields back to the original values.
Previous Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
left of this module.
Next Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
right of this module.
Figure 4-91. VF-25E Status Page
The Status page fields are read-only; you cannot change any values on this page.
Alias Name: The name you specify to help identify the module type.
Shelf Address: The IP address for the multiplexer shelf housing the module.
Card Address: The SCB address assigned to the module. Each module must have a unique address.
Valid addresses are 1 through 36.
TDM Bus: The TDM bus on which the channel module resides.
Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf.
Remote Control: The desired operation for the module (REMOTE or LOCAL).
Enable Module: Whether the module is in service or offline.
Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured.
In Service: Whether the module is in service (green) or out of service gray).
Alarm: If there is an active alarm (red) or alert (yellow) on the module.
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually or click an option to set the browser to refresh
automatically at 5 second, 10 second, or 30 second intervals.
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TDM Bus Configuration
●
TDM Bus: The current bus side, either Bus A or Bus B.
●
Timeslot: The current setting for the starting time slot on the module.
Other Configuration
●
Local Loopback: If this check box is selected, the module is in local loopback mode.
●
Use Signaling: If this check box is selected, E-lead and M-lead circuit signaling is enabled. (The
audio channel is still operational even if signaling is disabled.)
●
Set C Bit to 1: For REV A1 and later, the C bit is set to 1 if this check box is selected. (If the check
box is cleared, the C bit is set to 0.)
Channels 1-4
●
Active: The channel activity (Green = channel is active or off-hook, gray = channel is idle or onhook).
●
M-Lead Busy: The M Lead activity (Green = M lead is active or unknown, gray = M lead is inactive
or not enabled.
●
E-Lead Busy: The E Lead activity (Green = E signaling lead is active or unknown, gray = E signaling
lead is inactive or not enabled).
●
Loopback: The channel is in local loop back mode (green) or there is no active loopback (gray).
Previous Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
left of this module.
Next Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
right of this module.
4.4.11.3
Sample Data Module Configuration and Status
Figure 4-92. DS-64NC Configuration Page
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Alias Name: Type a name to help identify the module type.
Shelf Address: The IP address for the multiplexer shelf housing the module. This field is read-only.
Card Address: SCB address assigned to the module. Each module must have a unique address. Valid
addresses are 1 through 36. This field is read-only.
TDM Bus: The TDM bus identifier on which the channel module resides. This field is read-only.
Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf.
Remote Control: The desired operation for the module (REMOTE or LOCAL). This field is read-only.
Enable Module: Select this check box to place the module in service. If left blank, the module remains
offline.
Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured. This field is read-only.
TDM Bus Configuration
●
Timeslot: Click an up or down arrow to specify the desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in a T1 system,
1 to 31 in an E1 system).
●
TDM Bus: Click either Bus A or Bus B on the list to indicate the current bus side.
●
T1 (24 time slots): This option is set when using a T1-based system. This field is read-only.
●
E1 (31 time slots): This option is set when using an E1-based system. This field is read-only.
●
Skip Timeslot 16: Select this check box to set the module for use in an E1 (2MB) multiplexer set for
CAS signaling.
●
Use Alternating Timeslots: Select this check box to use alternating time slots (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and so
forth). If this check box is cleared, sequential time slots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so forth) are used.
Test Mode Configuration
●
Test Mode: Click a mode from the list: No test, Generate all ones, Generate PRNG (15-bit
pseudo random number generator), Generate 1:15 ones, Verify all ones, Verify PRNG, Verify
1:15 ones.
●
Loopback Mode: Click a loopback mode from the list: No Loopback, Local (payload) Loopback,
Equipment Loopback, or Remote Loopback.
●
Performance Register Selection: Click a performance register from the list: Receive FIFO Depth,
Receive FIFO Underrun Count, Receive FIFO Overrun Count, Transmit FIFO Depth, Transmit
FIFO Underrun Count, Transmit FIFO Overrun Count.
●
Reset Performance Register: Select this check box to reset the register.
Circuit Configuration
●
Buffer Depth: The transmit-side and receive-side each have first-in, first-out (FIFO) buffers with a
depth of 12,000 bits. Click the starting depth of these buffers from the list: 256 Bits for normal
synchronous operation or 6000 Bits for half of the full depth (plesiochronous operation).
●
Transmit Mode: Click the mode for transmit side of DS-64NC from the list: Transmit Side Off,
Transmit Only with CS, Transmit On (RS/CS), Transmit On (CS).
●
External Timing: Select this check box to set the external timing output on or off. The normal
condition for the external timing output is off.
●
Turn Receiver On: Select this check box to enable receive features for the module.
Data Rate Configuration
●
Timeslot Bit Rate: Click 64 kbps for the module to use 8 bits per time slot mode. Click 56 kbps for
the module to use 7 bits per time slot mode.
●
Data Rate: Click the total data rate from the list, any rate from 8 kbps up to the maximum payload
capacity of the multiplexer, in increments of 8 kbps.
●
Timeslots: The number of timeslots this module is using.
Refresh: Click this button to refresh the browser.
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Submit: Click this button to apply the configuration values entered on this page.
Reset: Click this button to change page fields back to the original values.
Previous Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
left of this module.
Next Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
right of this module.
Figure 4-93. DS-64NC Status Page
The Status page fields are read-only; you cannot change any values on this page.
Alias Name: The name you specify to help identify the module type.
Shelf Address: The IP address for the multiplexer shelf housing the module.
Card Address: The SCB address assigned to the module. Each module must have a unique address.
Valid addresses are 1 through 36.
TDM Bus: The TDM bus on which the channel module resides.
Module Adapter: The type of module adapter installed in the rear of the shelf.
Remote Control: The desired operation for the module (REMOTE or LOCAL).
Enable Module: Whether the module is in service or offline.
Module Configured: Whether the module is properly configured.
In Service: Whether the module is in service (green) or out of service gray).
Alarm: If there is an active alarm (red) or alert (yellow) on the module.
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Config Error: Configuration error or normal condition. A configuration error occurs when the time slot for
the module is conflicting with another module in the system or when the number of occupied time slots
exceeds system availability.
Refresh: Click M to refresh the browser manually or click an option to set the browser to refresh
automatically at 5 second, 10 second, or 30 second intervals.
TDM Bus Configuration
●
TDM Bus: The current bus side, either Bus A or Bus B.
●
Timeslot: The desired starting time slot (1 to 24 in T1 system, 1 to 31 in E1 system).
●
Skip Timeslot 16: This check box is selected if the module is being used in an E1 (2MB) multiplexer
set for CAS signaling.
●
Use Alternating Timeslots: This check box is selected if alternating time slots (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and so
forth) are being used. If this check box is cleared, sequential time slots (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and so forth)
are being used.
Test Mode Configuration
●
Test Mode: The test mode in use: No test, Generate all ones, Generate PRNG (15-bit pseudo
random number generator), Generate 1:15 ones, Verify all ones, Verify PRNG, Verify 1:15
ones.
●
Loopback Mode: The loopback mode in use: No Loopback, Local (payload) Loopback,
Equipment Loopback, or Remote Loopback.
●
Performance Register: The selected performance register for inspection.
●
Performance Register Value: The value of the performance register.
Circuit Configuration
●
Data Rate: The total data rate that may be set to any rate from 8 kbps up to the maximum payload
capacity of the multiplexer, in increments of 8 kbps.
●
Timeslots: The number of time slots the module is using.
●
Transmit Mode: The mode for transmit side of DS-64NC Transmit Side Off, Transmit Only with
CS, Transmit On (RS/CS), Transmit On (CS).
●
Bit Rate: Shows 64 kbps if the module uses 8 bits per time slot mode or 56 kbps if the module
uses 7 bits per time slot mode.
●
Buffers: The amount of bits for the starting buffer depth: 256 Bits for normal synchronous
operation or 6000 Bits for half of the full depth (plesiochronous operation).
●
Turn On Receiver: This check box is selected if receive features for the module are enabled.
●
External Timing: This check box is selected if the external timing output is on.
Card Status
●
Transmit Activity: Green if there is data activity on the input to the module (otherwise gray).
●
Receive Activity: Green if there is activity on the channel for this module (otherwise gray).
●
Remote Loopback: Green if the loopback from the far end has been initiated or is inactive
(otherwise gray).
PLL Status
●
Transmit side PLL locked: Green if a Transmit Phase-Locked Loop error is detected (otherwise
gray).
●
Receive side PLL locked: Green if a Receive Phase-Locked Loop error is detected (otherwise gray).
●
Shelf reference PLL locked: Green if a Shelf Reference Phased Lock Loop error is detected
(otherwise gray).
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Circuit Errors
●
Transmit clock output error detected: Red if a Transmit Clock Output error is detected (otherwise
gray).
●
Receive clock output error detected: Red if a Receive Clock Output error is detected (otherwise
gray).
●
Receive data output error detected: Red if an Output error is detected (otherwise gray).
●
Handshake signal error detected: Red if a Handshaking error is detected (otherwise gray).
Previous Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
left of this module.
Next Card: Click this button to view configuration and status pages for the module on the immediate
right of this module.
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Section 5 – Troubleshooting
Frequently Asked Questions
This list of questions and answers can help troubleshoot NetXpress system operations.
Q: How do I begin? What is the proper start-up procedure for my NetXpress system?
A: You can find step-by-step system setup instructions in the NetXpress Quick Start Guide at the
beginning of this manual.
Q: I want to add a channel module to my shelf. What is the proper procedure for adding a module?
A: Prior to insertion, no special configuration is required. However, you might want to switch the
module to REMOTE control so that you can change its settings from the NetXpress Web interface.
Also, when adding channel modules, insert the module adapter first and then insert the channel
module. All Intraplex channel modules are hot-insertable, so the module can be installed while the
shelf is operating.
1. Insert the module adapter for the module in the slot behind the one you have selected for the
new channel module.
2. Insert the module. Once the module is inserted, the NetXpress system detects the module
automatically.
3. On the NetXpress home page, click Open on the displayed module to review and adjust the
settings specific to the module (Section 4.4.10 – Configure Individual Modules (TDM Modules
and CAMs) gives additional information).
Q: Is it possible to stack more than one NetXpress chassis in a rack system?
A: Yes, you can stack shelves; however, make sure the shelf rack is in a well ventilated area and
allow at least 1RU spacing above and below the shelves when stacking.
Q: I plan on using eight Intraplex channel modules in my main NetXpress shelf. Will the standard
power supply module be adequate for my system?
A: Your exact power requirements depend on the specific applications and modules you intend to
use. The standard power supply module for the NetXpress system is an 80-watt unit. In some
instances, this unit can accommodate as many as twelve channel modules. However, some
applications and modules require additional power and might be better served by the optional
200-watt power supply. It is best to consult a GatesAir professional to determine your specific
power requirements.
Q: What is the procedure for installing a redundant power supply?
A: After the primary power supply has been installed, perform these steps:
1. Install the Redundant power supply into the slot labeled PS Redundant.
2. If the system is AC-powered, connect the AC power cable to the back of the chassis directly
behind the Redundant power supply.
3. If the system is DC-powered, connect the +BAT A terminal, then the chassis ground
connection, then the –BAT A terminal for the Redundant power supply.
4. Verify that all four indicator lights are on.
Note: The Major indicator light remains red until the NIM is fully operational and, when other
channel cards are installed, the Minor indicator light may also remain yellow.
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
5-1
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
5—Troubleshooting FAQs
Q: How do I add an IP address to the Access List Table in the NetXpress system?
A: To add an IP address, perform these steps:
1. Point to Networking and click IP Access List.
2. On the IP Access List, click
.
3. On the Create IP Access List Entry screen, click the Interface on the list that is associated
with the physical port (MGMT, WAN, or LAN).
4. Type the IP Address of the host to allow access.
5. Click Submit.
Section 4.4.4.3 – IP Access List gives additional information.
Q: The SCB addresses for my channel modules do not match the slot numbers. Should the numbers
match?
A: It is recommended but not required that you set the SCB address on a channel module to match
the number of the slot where the channel module is to reside. To change the SCB address on any
channel module, locate the 6 switches labeled SCB ADDR on the module and change the switch
settings according to the Table 5-1 chart. (* 0 = off, 1 = on)
Table 5-1. SCB Switch Settings
Card
Address
Switch Settings:*
S1, Positions
123456
1
000001
2
000010
3
000011
4
000100
5
000101
6
000110
7
000111
8
001000
9
001001
10
001010
11
001011
12
001100
Q: How do I install an update?
A: You can update the NIM-1 (Network Interface Module) software in the NetXpress software by
opening an FTP session with the NIM-1 and transferring a new image file to one or both of the
flash memory devices. You can configure both the primary and secondary images to be loaded
from the same flash memory device; there is no requirement for them to be on different devices.
(If your system has NIM redundancy and is auto-synced, you only need to upgrade one NIM. If it
is not auto-synced, you need to upgrade both NIMs.) Detailed installation procedures are included
in the update files.
Q: How do I reset the NIM-1 to factory default values if I want to default all values?
A: Perform these steps:
5-2
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
5—Troubleshooting FAQs
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
1. Using Dip Switch SW1, move switches 1 and 2 to the ON position.
2. Apply power to the system.
ON
OFF
3. Wait 60 seconds.
4. Disconnect power.
5. Return the switches to normal.
6. Restore power to the NIM again. The settings for the interfaces (MGMT, WAN, LAN) default to
the original factory values.
Q: When I use the NetXpress software, some screen fields appear to be unchanged. How can I be
sure the screen information is current?
A: Try clicking the Refresh button in your browser. If none of the fields on the screen change, clear
the cache in Internet Explorer (on the Tools menu, click Internet Options and click the Clear
History button.) Then, press the NetXpress screen Refresh button.
You can also change the page settings for refresh times in Internet Explorer:
1. Go to Tools | Internet Options.
2. At Browsing history, click Settings.
3. At Check for newer versions of stored pages, click the Every time I visit the webpage
option.
Note: If you are not using Internet Explorer as your browser, your browser’s Help should give
instructions on changing the browser page settings.
Q: What do I do if creating a route fails?
A: There is a good chance that the interface does not have an IP address and mask in the network to
find the gateway. Check the destination IP address and the mask for the route you are creating.
Confirm that the addresses are valid for the network and that it is reachable on the interface listed
on the route. Section 4.4.4.2 – IP Routing Table gives additional information.
Q: Why am I not getting any traps on my trap receiver (SNMP Event Host)
A: Make sure the correct IP address and community name for the trap receiver is configured in the
NetXpress software. Section 4.4.4.4 – SNMP Configuration gives additional information.
Q: What should I do if I receive an error message when attempting to create and activate a stream?
A: Try these guidelines to investigate the problem:
•
•
Verify that the TDM bus and time slots are not already being used by an in-service stream.
Check the destination IP address and be sure that it is a valid unicast or multicast address.
Q: I successfully created a stream. Why does it never come up?
A: Try these guidelines to investigate the problem:
1. Verify that you have placed the stream in-service.
2. Access the Interfaces Table (System Cfg | IP Interfaces) to see if the WAN interface is
down.
3. Make sure that there is a valid route to the destination.
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
5-3
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
5—Troubleshooting FAQs
4. Check the destination NetXpress multiplexer to make sure that it is configured properly and
that its stream has an operational state of “In Service.”
5. Access the PING Utility screen (Utilities | Ping) and ping the destination to make sure it is
reachable by the WAN interface.
Q: My stream is up, but I do not hear any audio. What should I do?
A: Try these guidelines:
•
•
•
Open the configuration screen for the channel card, and make sure that channel card is
configured to use the bus and time slots allocated to the stream. Also, verify that it is in
service.
Check the remote side channel card configuration and service state.
Look at the TDM Bus Information screen (System Cfg | TDM Bus Config) on the
NetXpress software where the transmitter is located. The time slots assigned to the
transmitter should be green if it is placing audio data on the bus.
Q: My stream is up. I hear audio, but it does not sound very good. What should I do?
A: Try these guidelines to investigate the problem:
•
•
•
•
•
Verify the channel card configurations on both ends.
Make sure that timing is properly configured.
Look at the stream statistics to see how much packet loss is happening. Lost packets affect
the audio quality.
Try increasing the packetization ratio. Low ratios mean high packet rates that could
overwhelm old technology switches and routers.
Try increasing the size of the jitter buffer. Your network may have more jitter than can be
compensated for by the current size of the jitter buffer.
If these FAQs do not meet your needs, or you have additional questions, you can call Customer
Service or send non-emergency e-mail for more in-depth support:
www.gatesair.com/services/technical-support.aspx
Americas:
24/7 Technical Support
Email
+1 217 222 8200
[email protected]
Europe, Middle East and Africa:
24/7 Technical Support
+1 217 222 8200
Email
[email protected]
Asia:
24/7 Technical Support
Email
5-4
+1 217 222 8200
[email protected]
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
No header here
Section 6 – Specifications
6.1 Detailed Specifications
Ethernet Data Rate
10/100 BASE-T (10 or 100 Mbps)
Full duplex
Auto-negotiation with network
Ethernet Connector
Port 1 – Management LAN- Female RJ-45
Port 2 – WAN- Female RJ-45
Port 3 – LAN- Female RJ-45
T1/E1 Data Rate
T1: 1.544Mbps
E1: 2.048Mbps
T1/E1 Connector
2 – Female RJ-45
T1 Specifications
Physical Interface RJ-48C: 8-pin Modular
Compatibility ATT 54016, ATT 62411, and ANSI T1.403
Line Rate 1.544 Mbps +/- 30 PPM, using internal timing
Line Code AMI or B8ZS
Line Build Out 0, -7.5, -15, or -22 dB
Line Input Impedance 100 Ohms
Framing D4 (SF) or ESF
Robust Framing Mean time to lose frame at 10-3 BER:
Greater than 450 hours for ESF
Greater than 225 hours for SF
Performance Monitoring ANSI T1.231, ANSI T1.403 PRM, and ATT 54016
Compliance FCC Part 68
Industry Canada CS-03
E1 Specifications
Physical Interface RJ-48C: 8-pin Modular
Compatibility ITU G.703, G.704, G.706, G.732, G.736, and G.823
Line Rate 2.048 Mbps +/- 30 PPM, using internal timing
Line Code AMI or HDB3
Line Input Impedance 120 Ohms
Framing CAS (Channel Associated Signaling) or CCS (Common Channel Signaling)
Robust Framing Mean time to lose frame at 10-3 BER greater than 20 hours
Performance Monitoring G.826
Compliance ETSI TBR12 and TBR13
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
6-1
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
6.1
6—Specifications
Detailed Specifications (continued)
Payload Bandwidth
4 TDM Buses for up to 8Mbps
Up to 32Mbps from next generation Channel Access Modules
Circuit Connection
Point-to-point unidirectional
Point-to-point bidirectional
Point-to-multipoint unidirectional using IP Multicast or multiple IP Unicast
streams
Network Protocols
IPv4, TCP, UDP, RTP, DHCP, DNS, HTTP (on port 80), FTP (on port 21),
Telnet, SNTP, SNMP v2c (SNMP v1/SNMP v2 – requests on port 161 and
traps on port 162), ARP, ICMP, IGMPv2
Streaming
Encapsulation in compliance with RFC5086 (CESoPSN)
Timing
Internal
External, RS-422/RS-485 clock input
Adaptive to incoming program stream for synchronous clock
distribution across IP networks
SynchroCast3™ precision buffer depth controlled timing
Timing out, RS-422 clock output
Quality of Service
Forward Error Correction (FEC) in accordance with RFC2733 framework
High, Low, Off, User-selectable
Packet Optimization
Programmable jitter buffer depth can provide compensation in
excess of 1 second of network jitter (based on specific number of T1/E1
equivalent frames/packet.)
IP Priority
Supporting routers give priority to critical traffic:
IPv4 Type of Service tagging
Differentiated Service (DiffServ) tagging
Indicator Lights
Normal, Major Alarm, Minor Alert, Alarm Cutoff (ACO), LAN Link Status,
LAN 100 MB, LAN Activity, T1/E1 Status External Timing, Internal Timing,
Adaptive Timing, Network Status
External Alarm and
Alert
NO/NC relay contacts
Diagnostic Network
Statistics
Packet Loss, packets received, packets sent, packets recovered using FEC,
late arriving packets, early arriving packets, received packet queue depth,
measured packet delay
Loopbacks
Payload, line, and equipment loopback on the external T1/E1 ports,
internal and external loopback on the system TDM busses.
User Interface
Remote control, monitoring, and diagnostics via Web browser interface
Remote Management
Web Browser
Compatible with IE, Netscape, Mozilla, Firefox, Opera
SNMP based Network Management
Compatible with HP OpenView, Castle Rock, and similar software
Power Requirements
Universal AC 100-240 Vac, 50/60 Hz
DC input: 48 Vdc, 8 A 24 Vdc, 4 A
Power Supply
Single or redundant, 80 W AC, 200W AC, 150 W DC options
Power Supply Alarm
Contact rating
50 Vdc, 100mA
Base Power
Requirements*
40 W or less typical
6-2
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
6—Specifications
6.1
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Detailed Specifications (continued)
Environmental
Temperature: 0 C – 50 C operating (AC/DC powered)
Humidity: 10% - 90% non-condensing
Physical
3RU – 5.25" (13.4cm) H x 14.25" (36.2cm) D x 19" (48.3cm) W
Weight: 11 lb. (5 kg) approximate, w/o channel modules installed;
Max weight dependent on number and type of modules installed.
Regulatory Compliance
CE Compliant, FCC Part 15 Class A, UL 1950
NIM Redundancy with
External T1/E1 Port
Redundancy
MIU-202-1 and MIU-202-2
* This includes power for the NIM, MIU, and power supplies. Each module has its own specific power
requirements as defined in Table 2-1.
6.2 Notice of FCC Compliance
6.2.1
Compliance with FCC Part 15 Requirements
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device
pursuant to Part 15 of FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against
harmful interference when this equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment
generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance
with this manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this
equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case, the user will be
required to correct the interference at his/her own expense.
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference, in
which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.
6.2.2
Compliance with FCC Part 68 Requirements
This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules. On the left of the chassis is a label that
contains, among other information, the FCC registration number for this equipment. If requested, this
information must be provided to the telephone company.
If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will notify you in
advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required. If advance notice is not practical,
the telephone company will notify the customer as soon as possible. Also, you will be advised of your
right to file a complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary.
The telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operation, or procedures that
could affect the operation of this equipment. If this happens, the telephone company will provide
advance notice in order for you to make the necessary modifications to maintain uninterrupted
service.
If you experience difficulty with the NetXpress system, please contact GatesAir at 217-222-8200 for
repair and warranty information. If your equipment is causing harm to the telephone network, the
telephone company may request that you disconnect the equipment until the problem is resolved.
The chassis contains no user-serviceable parts. The facility interface and service order codes are
Interface Type
Facility Interface Codes (FIC)
Service Order Code (SOC)
Jack Type (USOC)
T1 Data
04DU9.BN 04DU9.DN
04DU9.1KN 04DU9.1SN
6.0Y
RJ-48C
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
6-3
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6-4
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
No header here
Section 7 – Glossary
Reference
Description
ABCD Signaling
Relative to the NetXpress system, refers to ABCD voice channel signaling in
T1/E1 circuits and existing Intraplex voice channel modules. ABCD is also
known as E & M (ear & mouth) signaling.
AC
Electrical current that reverses direction, usually many times per second
ACO
Alarm Cut Off device; the green light on front of a shelf indicates the alarm
cut-off is active. It is reset by the NIM-1 when the alarm condition has been
cleared (ACO is triggered by the switch located on the NIM-1 front panel).
Active NIM
Role of a NIM that is currently providing operational services, which can be
either the Primary or Secondary NIM.
AES/EBU
Audio Engineering Society and European Broadcast Union digital format
standard for audio modules.
Alarm Status
NetXpress shelf alarm status conditions:
Major - Red light, indicates alarm condition exists (for example, stream loss,
signal failure, loss of frame, power failure if redundant supply is installed)
Minor - Yellow light, indicates that alert condition exists (for example, packet
loss, network delay)
Normal - Green light, indicates power is on and the NetXpress shelf is
operating normally
ANSI TR54016 FDL
American National Standards Institution formatted Facilities Data Link
reporting criterion, a form of statistical measurement.
ARD
Automatic RingDown; a private line that connects a station instrument in one
location to one in another location with automatic two-way signaling.
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol; primarily used to translate IP addresses into
Ethernet MAC addresses, ARP is the method of finding a host’s hardware
address when only the network layer address is known. ARP is also used for
IP over other LAN technologies.
ASN.1
Abstract Syntax Notation.1; an international data classification standard used
in the NetXpress management information database.
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange; a built-in binary code
for representing characters in most computers.
ATT T1.403 FDL
AT&T formatted Facilities Data Link reporting criterion, a form of statistical
measurement.
BES
Bursty Errored Seconds; a count of one-second intervals in which more than
one but less than 320 CRC error events, used as an interval statistic.
Boot ROM
The memory chip on the NIM-1 containing an executable program capable of
bringing the system up to a state where the NIM-1 application software can
be loaded onto the processor and ran.
Buffer
A packet buffer is memory space set aside for storing a packet awaiting
transmission or reception over a network.
CAM
Channel Access Module (one or more, up to 4) for video, voice over IP, data,
and various audio applications. For streaming purposes, each CAM has its own
100Mbps spoke on the internal high-speed bus. Slots 13, 14, 15, and 16 are
available for slot insertion, provided that slot 15 is not used for NIM
redundancy.
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
7-1
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Reference
7—Glossary
Description
CAS
Channel Associated Signaling; the transmission of signaling information within
the information band, or in-band signaling.
CCS
Common Channel Signaling; transmitting signaling information on a separate
channel from the data, the signaling channel controlling the data channels.
Contact
A metal strip or piece making an electrical contact when some
electromechanical device (that is, relay or magnet) operates.
CM
Channel Module.
COS
IP Class of Service based on bandwidth and delay guarantees.
CPLD
Complex Programmable Logic Device; a programmable logic device is a circuit
with which a designer can customize chip functionality. A CPLD is composed
of several simple PLDs with a programmable switching matrix between the
logic blocks.
CRC
Cyclic Redundancy Check; a number derived from a block of data and stored
or transmitted with the data to detect any errors in transmission, similar but
more complex than a checksum. A CRC is often calculated by adding words or
bytes of data. The receiving computer recalculates the CRC from the received
data and compares it to the value originally transmitted. If the values are not
the same, it indicates a transmission error. The CRC is “redundant” since it
adds no important information to the transmission itself.
CS
Controlled Slip; the occurrence of a replication or deletion of a T1 frame by
the receiving terminal.
CSS
Controlled Split Seconds; a second with one or more controlled slips, used as
an interval statistic.
CSU
Channel Service Unit; a device to terminate a digital channel on the local
port.
DC
Direct Current; electrical current that goes in one direction only.
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol; the DHCP server assigns an IP address
to a device on a session basis.
DNS
Domain Name Server; associates domain names with URL addresses.
Echo Canceller
Refers to the NIM-1 echo canceller daughterboard(s) or the process of
canceling voice echo in high delay > 20 mS networks.
Echo Canceller A
NIM-1 echo canceller daughterboard, A
Echo Canceller B
NIM-1 echo canceller daughterboard, B
ES
Errored Seconds; a second in which at least one code violation (CV) was
detected on the circuit; used as an interval statistic.
ES
Errored Seconds; a second in which at least one code violation (CV) was
detected on the circuit; used as an interval statistic.
Ethernet
IEEE 802.1/2/3 compatible interface; LAN and data-link protocol based on a
packet frame.
WAN Ethernet – NIM-1/MIU-201 Interface connects to customer WAN router.
LAN Ethernet – NIM-1/MIU-201 Interface connects to customer LAN network.
MGMT Ethernet – NIM-1/MIU-201 Interface for management.
External Timing
Mode of timing in which an external clock source is used to generate the
reference timing for the NetXpress system.
Failover
The process in which the current Active NIM fails and the Standby NIM
changes its role to Active.
7-2
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
7—Glossary
Reference
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Description
FEC
Forward Error Correction; detects/corrects fewer than predetermined number
or fraction of bits or symbols corrupted by transmission errors.
Frame
Refers to TDM Bus frames that occur at an 8 KHz rate (125 uS). Also used to
refer to Ethernet frames.
FIFO
First in, first out; refers to transmitted and received packets.
FPGA
Field Programmable Gate Array; a type of gate array that is programmed in
the field rather than in a semiconductor fab. Containing up to hundreds of
thousands of gates, there are a variety of FPGA architectures on the market.
Some are very sophisticated, including not only programmable logic blocks,
but programmable interconnects and switches between the blocks. The
interconnects take up a lot of FPGA real estate, resulting in a chip with very
low gate density compared to other technologies.
FTP
File Transfer Protocol; used to provide file transfers across a variety of
systems. This application is at the seventh layer of the OSI model.
GARP
Generic Attribute Registration Protocol; a standard for a generic method by
which various devices automatically disseminate attribute information across
a bridged Local Area Network (LAN).
Gateway
A node on a network representing an entrance to another network.
GLOP
A mechanism allocating multicast addresses to autonomous systems. GLOP is
not an acronym or abbreviation.
GPS
Global Positioning System; developed by the U.S. Department of Defense,
this is a worldwide radio-navigation system used in military, marine, and
terrestrial navigation and in location based services.
GUI
Graphical User Interface; a means by which humans interact with computers
via windows, buttons, and menus that the human uses a mouse to
manipulate.
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language; "tag" language used to specify branch labels
within a hypertext document.
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol; communications protocol that enables Web
browsing.
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol; this protocol delivers error and control
messages from hosts to message requestors.
IGMP
Internet Group Management Protocol; these statistics are the standard for IP
multicasting.
INS
In Service; indicates that the NIM is currently in service.
Internal Timing
Mode of timing in which a calibrated internal oscillator is used to generate the
reference timing for the NetXpress system.
IP
Internet Protocol; the IP part of TCP/IP, the protocol used to route a data
packet from its source to its destination over the Internet.
JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group; a format that compresses graphics of
photographic color depth so that the files are smaller and quicker to
download. The image deteriorates in quality as you add compression.
Jitter
High-frequency delay variation as opposed to wander (low-frequency delay
variation).
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
7-3
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Reference
Jitter Buffer
7—Glossary
Description
A packet queue used to reorder out-of-order packets and absorb variation in
packet delay across a communications network.
Jitter Buffer Avg. Delay Average buffer delay over a period of time.
Jitter Buffer Delay
Actual number of received packets in the buffer multiplied by the payload size
in time.
Jitter Buffer Initial
Delay
Pre-filled jitter buffer, user-specified delay.
Jitter Buffer Size
Maximum number of packets that can be stored.
Jitter Buffer Underrun/ Refers to the jitter buffer fill level either exceeding the maximum fill level
Overrun
(overrun) or the fill level becoming so depleted that the jitter buffer can no
longer be maintained (underrun).
LAN
Local Area Network; short-distance data communications network, typically
within a building or campus. Used to link together computers and peripherals
under a standard protocol.
LCV
Line Code Violations; the number of code violations per second within the
line; an interval statistic.
LED
Light Emitting Diode; an electronic device that projects a light while
generating very little heat.
LES
Line Errored Seconds; a count of one-second intervals in which one or more
LCV error events were detected; an interval statistic.
Loopback
Internal Loopback; loopback that loops internally generated data. For
example, internal loopback could be used to test channel modules. The
channel module transmit data is looped back to the receiver.
External Loopback; loopback that loops externally generated data.
Note: In the NIM-1, all loopbacks occur at the TDMBus and are loop thru.
MA
Module adapter.
MAC Address
Media Access Control address; unique hardware number assigned to a
physical device type.
Media Switch
A switch fabric on the NIM-1 that allows the interconnection of ten TDM
busses in the system: the four internal TDM busses, the two external T1/E1
ports, and the four TDM busses on the TDM-IP engine ASIC.
Media Switch Map
A complex switch map supporting applications such as IP multi-unicasting,
simulcasting audio or data over the IP network and T1/E1 interface, or drop
and insert of time slots between the external T1/E1 ports and the internal
TDM busses.
Modulation
Process of varying some electrical carrier wave characteristics as information
to be transmitted on that carrier wave varies. The three types of modulation
commonly used for communications are amplitude, frequency, and phase.
MGMT
Management; the management interface for which the NetXpress system
supports dynamic address assignment using DHCP.
MIB
Management Information Base; an SNMP structure that describes the
particular device being monitored.
MIU
Module Interface Unit; the term used for CAM and NIM module adapters
7-4
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
7—Glossary
Reference
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Description
MTU
Maximum Transmission Unit; the limit of bytes the interface can transmit at
one time.
Multicast
Communication between one sender and multiple receivers over a network; a
packet type in IP.
Netmask
A sequence of 0s and 1s that screen out (mask) the network part of an IP
address; ones in the bit position are used for the network and subnet parts,
while zeros are for the host.
NIM
Network Interface Module (the NetXpress multiplexer uses the NIM-1 model);
the Primary NIM installs in slot 17 of the NetXpress shelf. The Backup NIM
installs in slot 15 of the shelf. When coupled with the MIU-201 module
interface unit, the NIM-1 provides control for T1/E1 circuit emulation, LAN
and WAN traffic through 10/100 BaseT Ports, and timing control for external
stream traffic and system synchronization.
NTSC
National TV Standards Committee; either the committee that developed
television standards for the U.S. or the standards themselves. These
standards are also used in Canada, Japan, South Korea and several Central
and South American countries.
OOF
Out Of Frame; an OOF state starts when any two or four incorrect consecutive
frame synchronizing bits are received from the network interface and ends
when reframe occurs.
OOS
Out Of Service; indicates that the NIM is not currently in service.
Packet
In the NetXpress system, this is a reference to an IP protocol packet.
Early Packet - arrives too early for assembly into the jitter buffer.
Subsequently discarded. Packet sequence number determines jitter buffer
location.
Late Packet - arrives too late for assembly into the jitter buffer. Subsequently
discarded. Packet sequence number determines jitter buffer location.
Lost Packet - packet in the jitter buffer that is missing (has not arrived). Must
be played out to the TDM Bus.
Underrun Packet - discarded packet due to jitter buffer underrun condition.
Overrun Packet - discarded packet due to jitter buffer overrun condition.
Packet Bus
High Speed Packet Bus (100 Mbs, full-duplex Ethernet) used for new modules
(CAMs and NIMs).
PAD
Program Associated Data; associated with transmission (that is, song titles
and station call letters).
PAL
Phrase Alternating Line; this color video and broadcasting standard has a
screen resolution of 625 lines, a refresh rate of 50 Hertz, and is used
primarily in western Europe and South America.
PCV
Path Coding Violations; the number of code violations per second within the
path; an interval statistic.
PDU
Protocol Data Unit; a frame of data transmitted over the data link layer (for
example, Ethernet and Token Ring) in a communications network. Most
people do not use this term or the term “frame” but refer to every unit of
data over a network as a “packet.”
PDV
Packet Delay Variation; also called “jitter.”
Plesiochronous
Almost synchronous; when sending and receiving devices of a transmission
are synchronized but yet are set to different clocks.
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
7-5
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Reference
7—Glossary
Description
PLL
Phase Lock Loop; a closed-loop feedback control system producing a signal
relating to the frequency and phase of the input signals.
Power Supply
Power Supply Module for the NetXpress shelf.
Main Power Supply
Power supply module in right-most slot.
Redundant Supply
Power supply module in slot to the left of main power
supply.
Primary NIM
NIM present in slot 17.
Primary Timing/
Secondary Timing/
Fallback Timing
A timing source is selected for the primary and another is selected for the
secondary. The primary timing source is the most desirable. If the primary
timing source is unavailable, the NIM uses the secondary timing source. If the
secondary is unavailable, the NIM uses fallback timing which is fixed to be
internal timing.
PTZ
Pan-Tilt-Zoom.
QoS
Quality of Service; refers to performance attributes of an end-to-end
connection. Elements of a QoS definition depend on the information being
transported. QoS for voice defines limits on specific parameters such as
delay, signal loss, noise, and echo. QoS for data may identify attributes such
as error rates, lost packet rates, throughput, and delay.
RBS
Robbed Bit Signaling; specific type of signaling that uses T1 trunks; the
signaling information travels in the least significant bit of the audio channel
once every sixth frame and goes into the channel without regard to the
remaining bits. RBS distorts the voice audio signal so slightly that you can
only perceive it by distortion measurements.
RPM
Revolutions Per Minute; the number of times per minute that a fan blade on
the NetXpress power supply turns in a complete circle.
RTP
Real-time Transport Protocol; provides end-to-end network transport
functions suitable for applications transmitting real-time data, such as audio,
video or simulation data.
Rx
Receive/receiver; upstream data received by the network-based router from
your client.
SCB
Serial Control Bus; serial communication link between the NIM and TDM
modules installed in the NetXpress shelf.
SCB2
Serial Control Bus 2; serial communication link between the NIM and Channel
Access Modules installed in the NetXpress shelf.
Secondary NIM
NIM present in slot 15.
SEF
Severely Errored Framing; a SONET defect; the first indication of trouble in
detecting valid signal framing patterns.
SEFS
Severely Errored Framed Seconds; a count of the number of seconds during
which, at any point, the Severely Errored Framing (SEF) defect was present,
used as an interval statistic.
Serial Port
NIM-1/MIU Serial Port.
SES
Severely Errored Seconds; a second with 320 CRC error events or one or
more OOFs, used as an interval statistic.
Signaling
Refers to ABCD voice channel signaling in T1/E1 circuits and existing
Intraplex voice channel modules.
7-6
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
7—Glossary
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
Reference
Description
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol; Internet standard protocol developed
to manage nodes (servers, workstations, routers, switches and hubs, and so
forth) on an IP network. SNMP enables network administrators to manage
network performance, find and solve network problems, and plan for network
growth.
SNTP
Simple Network Time Protocol.
Source / Destination
Terms used to describe the end points (locations) for an IP data packet.
Standby NIM
Role of a NIM that is either synchronized with or in process of synchronizing
with the Active NIM and can take over the role of Active NIM. The Standby
NIM can be either the Primary or Secondary NIM.
STL
Studio to Transmitter Links.
Stratum-1
A radio receiver which receives time from Stratum-0, the United States Naval
Observatory (USNO) clock.
Stream
An IP / UDP / RTP connection and subsequent stream of data packets.
Switch Back
The process in which the Active NIM in the Secondary slot (slot 15) fails and
the NIM in the Primary slot (slot 17) takes over as the Active NIM.
Synchronized State
This state indicates that the Standby NIM is synchronized with the Active
NIM’s configuration database.
syslogd
syslog daemon or syslog server; the receiver of a small textual message (less
than 1024 bytes) in syslog protocol, which is a protocol for forwarding log
messages through an IP network.
T1/E1
Used to refer to the user-selectable T1 or E1 ports on the NIM-1 module.
T1/E1 A
T1/E1 Port A
T1/E1 B
T1/E1 Port B
T1/E1 Timing
Mode of timing in which one T1/E1 port receiver is used to generate the
reference timing for the NetXpress system.
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol; data communication standard for
interconnection of dissimilar networks and computing systems.
TDM
Time Division Multiplexing; method of mixing multiple signals on a single
channel by transmitting in tightly controlled time slots.
TDM Bus
Intraplex TDM bus.
TDM Bus 1
TDM Bus 2
TDM Bus 1A
TDM Bus 1B
TDM Bus 2A
TDM Bus 2B
Intraplex
Intraplex
Intraplex
Intraplex
Intraplex
Intraplex
TDM
TDM
TDM
TDM
TDM
TDM
bus
bus
bus
bus
bus
bus
(slots
(slots
(slots
(slots
(slots
(slots
1
7
1
1
7
7
to
to
to
to
to
to
6)
12)
6, terminal mode)
6, DI-B mode)
12, terminal mode)
12, DI-B mode)
Telnet
Internet communications protocol which enables a computer to work as a
terminal while functioning from a remote computer.
Time slot
Refers to a TDM time slot. E1 time slots are 0 to 31 (time slot 0 is reserved
for framing, time slot 16 is reserved for CAS signaling). T1 time slots are 1 to
24.
GatesAir, Inc.
Intraplex Products
7-7
Intraplex NetXpress IP Multiplexer
Version 3.05
7—Glossary
Reference
Description
Time slot conflict
When two or more channel modules are transmitting data at the same time
slot. Time slot Activity - when a single channel module is transmitting data at
a particular time slot.
Timing In/Out
Timing In
Timing Out
TOS
Terms Of Service; an 8-bit field in an IP packet (IP datagram) broken into five
subfields that is used for quality of service (QoS).
TSL
Transmitter to Studio Link.
TTL
Time To Live; a specific time period (seconds) after which a device can delete
a fragment.
Tx
Transmit/transmitter; downstream traffic transmitted from the network-based
router to your client.
UAS
Unavailable Seconds; a count of one-second intervals during which service is
unavailable, used as an interval statistic.
UDP
User Datagram Protocol; IP standard protocol that allows an application
program on one machine to send a datagram to an application program on
another machine. UDP uses the Internet IP to deliver datagrams.
Unicast
Communication between one sender and one receiver over a network.
URL
Uniform Resource Locator; the global address of documents and other
resources on the World Wide Web.
VCXO
Voltage-controlled crystal oscillator.
VOM
Volt-Ohm Milliameter; in testing, an instrument measuring voltage,
resistance, and amperage.
WAN
Wide Area Network; remote computer communications system. WANs allow
file sharing among geographically distributed workgroups (typically at higher
cost and slower speed than LANs). WANs typically use common carriers'
circuits and networks. WANs may serve as a customized communication
“backbone” that interconnects all of an organization’s local networks
with communications trunks.
Wander
Low-frequency delay variation as opposed to jitter (high-frequency delay
variation).
7-8
NIM-1/MIU-201 Timing in port.
NIM-1/MIU-201 Timing out port.
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Intraplex Products
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Intraplex Products
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