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The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers “The Land Between Two Rivers” • Mesopotamia = • • (Greek) the land between two rivers Fisherman and Farmers settled in this area beginning in 5500 B.C. Known as the “Fertile Crescent” because of rich soil for farming Working with Water • Rivers fluctuated between • • • times of flooding and times of drought but were unpredictable Floods carried silt that made soil fertile for farming Farmers had to find a way to get water to their crops during times of drought. Used irrigation canals and gates to divert water to their crops. Irrigation Farming in Mesopotamia • Mesopotamians relied on • surplus crops for trading with outside settlements Grains – Wheat – Barley – Emmer (wheat grain) • Fruits and Vegetables • – Onions – Cucumbers – Figs – Apples Also raised animals to help with farming – Goats, sheep, donkeys. What does living next to a river lead to? Themes Trade Communication Growth • Trade • Mesopotamians were able to use the river as a highway to trade surpluses with each other • Communication • As they traded with each other, they were able to share ideas. • Growth • Trade and communication allowed villages to grow into cities
