Download MUSCLE ORIGIN/INSERTION ACTION INNERVATION

MUSCLE
OCCIPITOFRONTALIS
Front belly
Occipital belly
Orbicularis oculi
Corrugator supercilii
Procerus plus transverse part of
nasalis
Alar part of nasalis plus levator
labii superioris alaeque nasii
Orbicularis oris
Levator labii superioris
Zygomaticus minor
Buccinator
Zygomaticus major
ORIGIN/INSERTION
Epicranial aponeurosis and
lateral 2/3rds of superior nuchal
line to skin and subQ tissue of
eyebrows and forehead and
epicranial aponeurosis
Medial orbital margin, medial
palpebral ligament, lacrimal
bone to skin around margin of
orbit, superior and inferior tarsal
plates
Medial end of superciliary arch
to skin superior to middle of
supraorbital margin and
superciliary arch
From fascia aponeurosis covering
nasal bone and lateral nasal
cartilage to skin of inferior
forehead, between eyebrows
Frontal process of maxilla to
major alar cartilage
Medial maxilla and mandible,
deep surface of perioral skin,
angle of mouth (modiolus) to
mucous membrane of lips
Infra-orbital margin (maxilla) to
skin of upper lip
Anterior aspect, zygomatic bone
to skin of upper lip
Mandible, alveolar processes of
maxilla and mandible,
pterygomandibular raphe to
angle of mouth (modiolus),
orbicularis oris
Lateral aspect of zygomatic bone
to angle of mouth (modiolus
Levator anguli oris
Infra-orbital maxilla (canine
fossa) to modiolus
Risorius
Parotid fascia and buccal skin to
modiolus
Depressor anguli oris
Anterolateral base of mandible
to modiolus
Depressor labii inferioris
Platysma and anterolateral body
of mandible to skin of lower lip
Mentalis
Body of mandible to skin of chin
Platysma
subQ tissue of infraclavicular and
supraclavicular regions to base of
mandible, skin of cheek and
lower lip, modiolus, orbicularis
oris
ACTION
Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles
skin of forehead, protracts scalp;
occipital belly retracts scalp
INNERVATION
Front belly – temporal branch of
facial nerve
Occipital belly – posterior
auricular branch of facial nerve
Closes eyelids – palpebral part
gently closes, orbital part tightly
closes
Temporal and zygomatic
branches of facial nerve
Draws eyebrow medially and
inferiorly, creating vertical
wrinkles above nose
Temporal branch of facial nerve
Depresses medial end of
eyebrow, wrinkles skin over
dorsum of nose
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Depresses ala laterally, dilating
anterior nasal aperture—flaring
nostrils
Closes oral fissue, compresses
and protrudes lips, resists
distension when blowing
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Retract/elevate/everts upper lip,
deepen nasolabial sulcus
Same
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Presses cheek against molar
teeth, resists distension when
blowing
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Part of dilators of mouth, elevate
labial commissure—bilaterally to
smile, unilaterally to sneer
Part of dilators of mouth, widens
oral fissure, as when grinning or
grimacing
Part of dilators of mouth,
depresses labial commissure
bilaterally to frown
Part of dilators of mouth,
depresses labial commissure
bilaterally to frown
Part of dilators of mouth,
retracts and everts lower lip
(pouting)
Elevates and protrudes lower lip,
elevates skin of chin
Depresses mandible, tenses skin
of inferior face and neck
(conveying tension and stress)
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Same
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Marginal mandibular branch of
facial nerve
Marginal mandibular branch of
facial nerve
Marginal mandibular branch of
facial nerve
Cervical branches of parotid
plexus
MUSCLE
Temporalis
ORIGIN/INSERTION
Floor of temporal fossa to tip and
medial surface of coronoid
process and anterior border of
ramus of mandible
Inferior border and medial
surface of maxillary process of
zygomatic bone and the
zygomatic arch to angle and
lateral surface of ramus of
mandible
Infratemporal surface and crest
of greater wing of sphenoid and
lateral surface of lateral
pterygoid plate to joint capsule
and articular disk of TMJ and
pterygoid fovea on anteromedial
aspect of condyloid process of
mandible
Medial surface of lateral
pterygoid plate and pyramidal
process of palatine bone and
tuberosity of maxilla to medial
surface of ramus of mandible
inferior to mandibular foramen
ACTION
Elevates mandible, closes jaws,
retracts mandible
INNERVATION
Anterior trunk of mandibular
nerve via deep temporal
branches
Elevates mandible, closing jaws;
protrusion of mandible (slight)
Anterior trunk of mandibular
nerve via masseteric branch
Protracts mandible bilaterally,
depresses chin, swings jaw
towards contralateral side acting
unilaterally, alternate unilateral
contraction produces larger
lateral chewing movements
Anterior trunk of mandibular
nerve via lateral pterygoid nerve
Elevate mandible, contributes to
protrusion, alternate unilateral
activity produces smaller
grinding movements
Anterior trunk of mandibular
nerve via medial pterygoid nerve
SUPRAHYOID MUSCLES
Digastric
ORIGIN/INSERTION
Base of cranium to hyoid bone
ACTION
Depresses mandible against
resistance when infrahyoid
muscles fix or depress hyoid
bone
INNERVATION
Facial and mandibular nerves
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Styloid process to hyoid bone
Medial body of mandible to
hyoid
Anterior body of mandible to
hyoid
ORIGIN/INSERTION
Scapula to hyoid
Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Geniohyoid
INFRAHYOID MUSCLES
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
Manubrium of sternum to hyoid
Manubrium of sternum to
thyroid cartilage
Thyroid cartilage to hyoid
Facial nerve
Mandibular nerve
Nerve to geniohyoid (C1-C2)
ACTION
Fixes or depresses hyoid bone
INNERVATION
Ansa cervicalis from cervical
plexus (C1-C3)
C1 via hypoglossal nerve (XII)
MUSCLES OF SOFT PALATE
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
Musculus uvulae
ORIGIN/INSERTION
Scaphoid fossa of medial
pterygoid plate, spine off
sphenoid bone, and cartilage of
pharyngotympanic tube to
palatine aponeurosis
Cartilage of pharyngotympanic
tube and petrous part of
temporal bone to palatine
aponeurosis
Palatine aponeurosis to side of
tongue
Hard palate and palatine
aponeurosis to lateral wall of
pharynx
Posterior nasal spine and
palatine aponeurosis to mucosa
of uvula
EXTRINSIC MUSCLES OF TONGUE
Genioglossus
ORIGIN/INSERTION
Short tendon from superior part
of mental spine of mandible to
entire dorsum of tongue—
inferior and posteriormost fibers
attach to body of hyoid
Hyoglossus
Body and greater horn of hyoid
to inferior aspects of lateral
aspect of tongue
Anterior border of distal styloid
process; stylohyoid ligament to
sides of tongue posteriorly,
interdigitating with hyoglossus
Palatine aponeurosis of soft
palate to blend with intrinsic
transverse muscles after entering
tongue posterolaterally
ORIGIN/INSERTION
Submucosal fibrous layer and
median fibrous septum to
margins of tongue and mucous
membrane
Root of tongue and body of
hyoid to apex of tongue
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF TONGUE
Superior longitudinal
Inferior longitudinal
Transverse
Vertical
Median fibrous septum to
fibrous tissue at lateral lingual
margins
Submucosal fibrous layer of
dorsum of tongue to inferior
surface of borders of tongue
ACTION
Tenses soft palate and opens
mouth of pharyngotympanic
tube during swallowing and
yawning
INNERVATION
Medial pterygoid nerve (branch
of mandibular nerve V3) via otic
ganglion
Elevates soft palate during
swallowing and yawning
Pharyngeal branch of vagus
nerve via pharyngeal plexus
Elevates posterior part of tongue
and draws soft palate onto
tongue
Tenses soft palate and pulls walls
of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly,
and medially during swallowing
Shortens uvula and pulls it
superiorly
ACTION
Bilaterally depresses tongue,
posterior part pulls tongue
anteriorly for protrusion, most
anterior part retracts apex of
protruded tongue; unilateral
contraction wags tongue from
side to side
Depresses tongue, pull sides
inferiorly, helps shorten
(retrude) tongue
Retrudes tongue and curls its
sides, working with genioglossus
to form a central trough during
swallowing
Can elevate posterior tongue or
depress soft palate—acts to
constrict isthmus of the fauces
INNERVATION
Hypoglossal nerve
ACTION
Curls tongue longitudinally
upward elevating apex and sides
of tongue; shortens/retrudes
tongue
Curls tongue longitudinally
downward, depressing apex;
shortens/retrudes tongue
Narrows and
elongates/protrudes tongue
INNERVATION
Hypoglossal nerve
Flattens and broadens tongue
Vagus nerve