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1 The pectoral region is external to the anterior thoracic wall and anchors the upper limb to the trunk. 2 Superficial compartment Contains skin, superficial fascia, breasts Deep compartment Contains muscles & associated structures 3 Four pectoral muscles move the pectoral girdle Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Subclavius Clavicular head: Medial half of clavicle Medial process border of Coracoid of scapula scapula Stabilizes Lateral lip of scapula 3rd-5thand ribs near Adducts intertubercular sulcus of their costal medially humerus Protracts cartilages & rotates rotates Lateral parts of scapula humerus 1st-8th ribs Sternocostal head: Anterior surface of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle 4 Serratus anterior Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor 5 Pectoralis major powerful adduction medial rotation of the arm clavicular head flexing the humerus sternocostal head extending it back 6 Pectoralis minor stabilizes the scapula touch an object that is just out of reach. Assists in elevating the ribs Subclavius Anchors and depresses the clavicle, stabilizing it during movements of the upper limb. 7 one of the most powerful muscles of the pectoral girdle Strong protractor of scapula –Abduction used when punching or reaching anteriorly(boxer's muscle). 8 Pectoralis major Medial & Lateral pectoral nerves Pectoralis minor Medial pectoral nerve Subclavius Nerve to subclavius Serratus anterior Long thoracic nerve 9 Deep to the pectoral fascia & pectoralis major Descends from the clavicle Clavipectoral triangle cephalic vein can be found. formed by pectoralis major, deltoid & clavicle Deltopectoral groove 10 In the subcutaneous tissue overlying the pectoralis major and minor muscles. lateral border of the sternum to the midaxillary line vertically from the 2nd through 6th ribs. 11 PECTORALIS MAJOR clavicular head of pectoralis major arm is abducted 90°; the individual then moves the arm anteriorly against resistance. If acting normally, the clavicular head can be seen and palpated. sternocostal head of the pectoralis major arm is abducted 60° and then adducted against resistance. If acting normally, the sternocostal head can be seen and palpated. 12 SERRATUS ANTERIOR fxn of long thoracic nerve Hand of the outstretched limb is pushed against a wall. If the muscle is acting normally, several digitations of the muscle can be seen and palpated 13