Download The Wait - Rome

The Wait
A Journey Through 400 Years of Exile
Week 1: Setting the Stage
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Week 2: the Persian Empire
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Week 3: the Macedonian Empire(s)
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Week 4: the Roman Empire
The Fertile Crescent
Resources: Ezekiel 27:12-25
horses, mules
human beings,
bronze
silver
iron
tin
lead
human beings,
bronze
ivory, ebony
precious stones,
embroidery,
purple clothing,
linen
wine,
wool
wheat,
honey,
oil,
balm
lambs,
rams,
goats
saddle blankets
spices, precious stones, gold
purple clothing,
carpet,
embroidery
Trade and Travel
The Big Cats
The Little Mice
Assyria
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Babylon
Egypt
General Pompey 63 BC
Besieged Jerusalem
Restored the high priesthood to Hyrcanus II, but
stripped him of his royal title.
Judea kept it’s autonomy as a temple state, which
allowed it to continue to operate by its own laws.
However, Rome drastically reduced the size of the
province and demanded tribute payments.
Conversion of the Idumeans
John Hyrcanus I took Idumea in 112 BC.
Hyrcanus I allowed the Idumeans to
stay in their territory on the condition
that they be circumcised and obey the
law.
It is debated whether the Idumeans
were forced to convert or whether they
did this willingly, with conscience.
Regardless, the Idumeans were viewed
as “Mudbloods”.
HASMONEAN
J U D E A
I D U M E A
Antipater, Strategos of Idumea
Alexander Jannaeus [103-76 BC]
appointed Antipater’s father as the
strategos, the military general, of
Idumea. Antipater inherited this title
upon his father’s death.
HASMONEAN
J U D E A
I D U M E A
Alexander Jannaeus!
103-76 BC
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Alexandra Salome!
76-67 BC
John Hyrcanus II
Aristobulus II
Antipater
Scaurus
Pharisees
Sadducees
Pompey
Adventures of Team Hyrcanus
Gabinius, Antipater and Hyrcanus vs. Aristobulus and Alexander II
Roman Districts of Former Hasmonean Territory
Adventures of Team Hyrcanus
Gabinius, Antipater and Hyrcanus vs. Aristobulus and Alexander II
Pompey, Antipater and Hyrcanus vs. Julius Caesar [48 BC]
Julius, Crassus and Pompey
The First Triumvirate
A secret, unofficial alliance existed between these
three Romans in order to wield power and
influence.
The death of Crassus weakened the alliance and
ignited a power struggle between Pompey (along
with the Roman senate) and Julius Caesar.
Hyrcanus and Antipater aided Pompey.
Pompey’s Death
After one particular battle, Pompey fled to Egypt,
where he was murdered by an official of the
Ptolemaic king.
Upset at Pompey’s murder, Julius Caesar took the
throne away of Ptolemy XIII and gave it to his
sister, Cleopatra VII.
Yes, THAT Cleopatra
Actually, THIS Cleopatra
Adventures of Team Hyrcanus
Gabinius, Antipater and Hyrcanus vs. Aristobulus and Alexander II
Pompey, Antipater and Hyrcanus vs. Julius Caesar [48 BC]
Antipater and Hyrcanus under Julius Caesar [47 BC]
Antipater’s Jurisdiction as Procurator of Judea
Herod
Phasael
Let’s Reset the Picture
67-37 bc — Waring between the supporters of Hyrcanus II and
Aristobulul II.
47 bc — Antipater is granted Roman citizenship and name
procurator of the province of Judea. His sons, Phasael and Herod,
become district governors.
44 bc — Julius Caesar is assassinated by the Roman Senate, Et tu
Brute ?
43-33 bc — The Second Triumvirate rules Rome [Octavian, Mark
Antony and Lepidus]
The Rise of Herod: 40-37 BC
40 BC — Appeals to Roman Senate for more
support in his ongoing struggle with Hasmonean
supporters / rebels. Rome declares Antigonus II,
the son of Aristobulus II, an enemy of the state,
and simultaneously declares Herod King of the
Province of Judea.
Battle at Arbel
Battle at Arbel
Herod’s Rule
Part I: Consolidation of Power [37-25 BC]
Part II: Prosperity and Building Projects [25-13 BC]
Part III: Domestic Strife and Illness [13-4 BC]
Part I: Consolidation of Power
[37-25 bc]
Married Mariamne, granddaughter of the elderly
Hyrcanus II. This gave Herod a marriage
connection to the priestly line.
Continued fighting against those who opposed his
rule.
Cleopatra, Mark Antony and Herod the Great
Prelude to the Battle of Actium
Octavian illegally imprisons Lepidus.
Octavian and Mark Antony both wanted sole rule of the
Roman Empire.
Mark Antony and Octavia.
Mark Antony and Cleopatra
Cleopatra and Julius Caesar
Mark Antony, Cleopatra and Herod the Great
The Battle of Actium, 30 BC
Actium
Alexandria
Part II: Prosperity and
Building Projects [25-13 BC]
Masada
Masada
Masada
Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Caesarea
Part III: Domestic Strife and Illness [13-4 BC]
Herod had already put his wife, Mariamne, to death in 29 BC on
charges of infidelity. This was his wife that connected him to the
Hasmonean family
Herod’s sons by Mariamne, Alexander and Aristobulus, were
convicted of treason and executed. Herod suspected them of
conspiring to kill him.
Herod’s eldest son, Antipater II, from his wife Doras, was charged
and convicted by Herod of intending to murder him. He was
executed a mere five days before Herod’s death.
His sons, Philip, Archelaus and Antipas would succeed him as
rulers of Judea.
Herod’s Illness and Death
As described by Josephus in
Antiquities of the Jews xvii.169-180
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