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La correlación entre la
terminología
cito-histopatológica y la virología
Dr Christine Bergeron
Laboratoire Pasteur-Cerba
95066 Cergy Pontoise Cedex 9
Citología-Histología
Nuevas Terminologías
• Nuevas entidades: No
• Nuevos conceptos: Si
Clasificación WHO: Reagan 1953
• Carcinoma In Situ: CIS
• Displasia: alteraciones precancerosas ?
Clasificación Richart : 1967
Neoplasia Cervical Intraepitelial: CIN
• Displasia leve
= CIN 1
• Displasia moderada
= CIN 2
• Displasia severa + CIS
= CIN 3
Clasificación CIN y teoría
del riesgo de CIN 1,2, 3
•
•
Continuo biológico y morfológico
Estadíos progresivos y consecutivos
hacia un carcinoma invasor
Infección HPV y lesiones precancerosas
Infección local
Lesión Intraepitelial
Cancer
5 años
10 años y más
Primer año
Infección
persistente
HPV infección
precoz
Infección productiva
CIN1 / LSIL
Clearance de la infeccion
Lesiones
precancerosas
CIN2/3
Cancer
invasor
Infectious cycle of HPV
1. Viral penetration
Assemblage of virions:
L1, L2
4. Frequent event: productive infection
E1, E2, E4
3. Frequent event: replication of viral
DNA
Expression of E6 and
E7 genes
2. Rare event: transforming infection
Adapted from 1. Zur Hausen. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2:342–350. 2. Tindle. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2:59–65. 3. Sanclemente and Gill. JEADV. 2002;16:231–240.
CONDYLOMA-CIN 1
Productive
Infection
Adequate
HPV
Productive
infection +/expression of
early genes
Immune response
Co-factors
TABACCO
CIN 2-3
Inadequate
HSV
Hormones
Invasive Carcinoma
Adapted from Ferenczy and Winkler, Blaustein’s pathology of the female genital tract
Unión escamosa-glandular
Histology: the squamo-columnar junction
Terminología Citología-Histología
Neoplasia cervical intraepitelial : CIN
Lesion escamosa intraepitelial : SIL
Terminología Sistema
Bethesda:
TBS 1988,91,2001
Lesión escamosa intraepitelial: SIL
Bajo grado
Alto grado
The 2001 Bethesda System
Terminology for Reporting Results
• Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy
• Epithelial cell abnormalities
 Squamous cells
• Atypical squamous cells (ASC)
- of undetermined significance (ASC-US)
- cannot exclude HSIL (ASC-H)
• Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) encompassing :HPV/mild dysplasia/CIN
1
• High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) encompassing :moderate and severe
dysplasia, CIS/CIN 2 and CIN 3
• Squamous cell carcinoma
 Glandular cells
• Atypical glandular cells (AGC) (specify endocervical,endometrial,or not otherwise
specified)
• Atypical glandular cells, favor neoplastic (specify endocervical or not otherwise specified)
• Endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)
• Adenocarcinoma (endocervical, endometrial, extra-uterine, not otherwise specified)
• Other
• Endometrial cells in a woman
40 years of age
Terminología Histológica: WHO 2003
• Condiloma
• CIN 1, 2, 3 (sin koilocitosis)
• Adenocarcinoma in situ
• Carcinoma escamoso microinvasor
• Carcinoma invasor escamoso o glandular
Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion
(LSIL)
Koilocytosis
Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL)
Koilocytosis
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) 1
CIN 1: HPV 52 by in situ hybridisation
High number of HPV copies by in situ hybridisation (ISH) in intermediate
and superficial cells
p16 immuno-positivity in CIN 1
Diffuse p16 staining in the lower third of the epithelium
High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion: HSIL
High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion: HSIL
Abnormal squamous basal cells (arrows)
p16 positive abnormal basal cells
CIN 2 with koilocytosis
CIN 3 with koilocytosis
CIN 3 / carcinoma in situ
CIN 3: HPV 16 by in situ hybridisation
HPV 16 copies visible only in superficial cells
p16 immuno-positive in high-grade CIN
CIN2
CIN3
Adenocarcinoma in situ
Feathering of glandular nuclei (arrows)
Adenocarcinoma in situ
Nuclei arrangement around lumen: rosettes (arrows)
Adenocarcinoma in situ histologically in a
conisation
Reproducibilidad del diagnóstico
cito y histológico cervical
• Buena muestra o corte tangencial
• Lesión típica
• Buena definición
• Elección binairia : benigno versus maligno
La jirafa
Raro pero toda la
gente la reconoce
Crocodile,
Gavial,
Caiman,
Alligator...
Caiman, reptiles class, crocodile order,
family of the alligators
En Resumen
• Aprender la significación de los
términos
• Hacer sencillo
• Evaluar nuevas marcadores: p16 en
lesiones dificiles