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CIN 507 Operating Systems. Tutorial 1 1. What is an Operating System? An operating system (OS) is a set of basic programming instructions to computer hardware, forming a layer of programming code on which most other functions of the computer are built 2. What are some of the basic I/O functions that an OS takes care of? A basic task of an OS is to take care of input/output (I/O) functions, which let other programs communicate with the computer hardware Some examples of I/O tasks: *Handle input from the keyboard, mouse, and other input devices *Handle output to the monitor and printer *Handle remote communications using a modem *Manage network communications, such as for a local network and the Internet *Control input/output for devices such as network interface card *Control information storage and retrieval using various types of disk *Enable multimedia use for voice and video composition or reproduction, such as recording video from a *camera or playing music 3. Give detailed functions of the following terms: *The Kernel Jobs performed by the kernel can include: *Managing interactions with the CPU *Starting, managing, and scheduling programs that handle I/O activities, including device and networking activities *Handling basic computer security *Managing use of the computer’s memory (RAM) *Managing priority levels assigned to programs and computer processes *Device drives A device driver translates the information necessary for the operating system to communicate with specific hardware *Application Software Any program a user might choose to run on a computer *BIOS See question number 2 4. List some devices that need a device driver. External HDD Mouse and trackball devices. Printers scanners Flash drives removable media digital cameras Video hardware 5. Define the term Time Sharing. A time-sharing system is a central computer system that is used by multiple users and applications simultaneously 6. What are Real-Time systems? A real-time system is an operating system that interacts directly with the user and responds immediately (or almost immediately) with required information 7. What is the difference between single tasking and multitasking? Single tasking is a process of running only one program at a time whereas Multitasking is a process of running more than one program at a time. 8. State some common operating systems that you know of. Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows 8 Mac OS Linux Unix Windows Server 2003 Windows Server 2007 Mac OS X