Download Implementation of the EPBD in Greece Status in November 2010

Implementation of the EPBD in Greece
Status in November 2010
G. Markogiannakis
1 > Introduction
G. Giannakidis
L. Lampropoulou
Centre for Renewable
Energy Sources and
Saving (CRES)
Greece
The implementation of the EPBD in Greece is the responsibility of the Ministry of
Environment, Energy and Climate Change (MEECC). The law for the transposition of
the EPBD was approved by the parliament in May 2008 (Law 3661 of the 19th of May
2008). A number of executing orders that were necessary for the implementation of
the EPBD appeared as a Ministerial decision for the “Regulation of Energy
Performance of Buildings” (KENAK) in April 2010 (Ministerial decision D6/B/5825
National Gazette 407/9th of April 2010). The Presidential decree necessary for the
definition of the qualifications and training of energy auditors was published in the
National Gazette in October 2010 (Presidential Decree 100/NG177/6th of October
2010). This was the last necessary legal document that had to be published in order
to enable actual implementation of the EPBD in Greece.
The implementation and quality control of the scheme will be performed by the
Energy Auditors Body, a public sector entity that was formed for this purpose.
This report presents the status of advancement of the implementation of the EPBD
in Greece with respect to certification and inspection of systems, minimum
requirements for new buildings, energy auditors’ body, training, quality assurance,
incentives and subsidies, and other related issues.
2 > Certification
Calculation procedures
National websites:
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www.buildingcert.gr
www.cres.gr
www.ypeka.gr
The basis of the calculation procedure regulations according to the EPBD was set
out in the Ministerial decision 407/April 2010. According to this, the reference
building methodology is used. The reference building is defined as having the same
geometry, orientation, use and operational characteristics as the building under
consideration. Its difference is that it has a set of predefined thermal properties for
the building shell, and a set of characteristics for the heating and cooling
installations, hot water production and lighting (in the case of the tertiary sector).
The actual calculation procedure is based on the monthly methodology of EN13790,
and a set of  national
parameters have been defined where necessary. The
B
methodology coversB heating, cooling, hot water for all buildings, plus lighting for
commercial buildings.
The assumptions and basic parameter calculations are
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described in a number of Technical Guidelines, published by the Technical Chamber
of Greece in October 2010. These guidelines also include the climate files that
should be used in the calculations, and thermal properties of building materials.
The classification of buildings in 9 classes is done according to the scale shown in
Table 1. The category B corresponds to the minimum accepted category of new
buildings and those undergoing major renovation. E.A. refers to the total primary
energy consumption of the existing building and K.A. refers to the total primary
energy consumption of the reference building. The reference building is defined as
a building with the same geometrical characteristics as the building under
consideration, which has specified characteristics for the U values of all the
structural elements, as well as for the energy efficiency of heating, cooling and
lighting installations.
Table 1 - Definition of energy classes
Link to software
download site:
http://portal.tee.gr/por
tal/page/portal/SCIENTI
FIC_WORK/GR_ENERGEI
AS/kenak/tee_kenak
Category
Α+
Α
Β+
Β
Γ
Δ
Ε
Ζ
Η
Limits
Ε.A.  0,33K.A.
0,33 K.A. < Ε.A.  0,50 K.A.
0,50 K.A. < Ε.A.  0,75 K.A.
0,75 K.A. < Ε.A. 1,00 K.A.
1,00 K.A. < Ε.A.  1,41 K.A.
1,41 K.A. < Ε.A.  1,82 K.A.
1,82 K.A. < Ε.A.  2,27 K.A.
2,27 K.A. < Ε.A.  2,73 K.A.
2,73K.A. < Ε.A.
E.A.: Primary Energy Consumption of the building under consideration
K.A.: Primary Energy Consumption of the Reference Building
A software tool was developed with funding from the Hellenic Technical Chamber.
This can be used on its own and it is available to software companies, in order to
integrate it into already existing tools. Any new software that comes into the
market must be verified by the Department of Energy Audits, Ministry of
Environment, Energy and Climate Change. The main criterion is that the software
uses the computational engine developed by the Technical Chamber and produces
the same results for a test case.
Figure 1 – Results presented in the software for the energy demand and
consumption on a monthly basis.
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Figure 2 – Ranking results and primary energy consumption per use for the building.
Requirements for new buildings
According to the Regulation of the Energy Performance of Buildings, a set of
minimum requirements are applied to new buildings. Therefore, all applications for
building permits after the 1st of October 2010 must be accompanied by an Energy
Study that proves that the building under planning is in compliance with these
minimum requirements.
The type and level of requirements are a function of the type of building (dwellings,
tertiary sector buildings) and cover:
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The design of the building, taking orientation, surrounding area, passive
solar systems, natural ventilation, daylight etc., into account
Maximum U-value for walls, windows, roofs etc., for each one of the four
climatic zones in Greece. The main parameter used for the climatic zones
is the annual heating degree-days
Maximum value for the average U-value for the whole building
At least 50% heat recovery in the central air-conditioning units
Minimum levels of insulation of the heating and cooling distribution
network
At least 60% hot water production from solar panels.
Minimum requirement for lighting installations in the tertiary sector
buildings (55 lm/W).
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Figure 3 – Climatic Zones
The Energy study must prove that all new buildings are classified at least as B. After
the completion of the construction, an energy audit is conducted and the energy
certificate is issued. If the constructed building deviates from the design and is not
classified at least as B, the owner must perform all necessary improvements within
a year.
Requirements for existing buildings
Existing buildings undergoing major renovation should be upgraded in order to be
classified at least as B.
Certification of buildings
The general certificate model to be used will be the A+ to H label. There are three
categories above the B level, that is A+, A, and B+, in order to stimulate
competition towards very efficient building designs in the future. On the first page
of the certificate one can find:
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The basic data of the building (location, owner, building use, climatic
zone, year of construction, total surface area, heated area).
The classification which is done based on the primary energy consumption
of the building compared to the primary energy consumption of a
reference building.
The calculated primary energy consumption of the building and of the
reference building.
The calculated CO2 emissions.
The actual total energy consumption data and the consumption by energy
carrier based on the bills available over the last three years, as well as the
calculated CO2 emissions.
An indication of the quality of thermal, visual and acoustic comfort and air
quality.
On the second page of the certificate, there is space for presenting at least three
recommendations specific to the building, for which the software calculates the
energy savings, cost and payback period.
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Figure 4 – Building Energy Certificate form
The certificate is issued by energy auditors, who are listed in the official registry of
auditors (provisional for the time being), which is maintained by the Department of
Energy Audits, Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change. The database
development and maintenance, together with the development and operation of
the Energy Certificates database, is done by CRES.
The certificate is valid for ten years, unless the building undergoes major
renovation, in which case a new certificate is required. All the certificates and the
data used for the calculations are stored in a central electronic register, which is
operated by CRES.
Certification is obligatory for new buildings with a building permit issued after the
1st of October 2010. The display of the certificate is compulsory for public
buildings (public buildings are those used by public authorities, rented or owned).
The certificate is required as a legal document in the case of rental or sale of
buildings after the 9th of January 2011.
3 > Inspection of boilers and air-conditioning
The new Energy Building Code and the Technical notes issued by the Hellenic
Technical Chamber describe in detail the procedures for auditing boilers, heating
systems and air-conditioning units. A considerable number of provisional Energy
Auditors for the heating and cooling systems exist in the national registry. Audits
can be performed at the moment using this procedure. However, it is not obligatory
to perform these audits until July 2014. The details of the energy audit procedures
are given below:
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Boilers
Energy auditors should carry out audits of boilers using conventional fossil fuels as
follows:
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- at least every five years for boilers with an effective nominal rated
power between 20 kW and 100 kW;
- at least every two years for boilers rated more than 100 kW for every fuel
source, except natural gas (at least every four years).
Inspectors prepare a report assessing the thermal efficiency of the boiler and
produce guidelines and recommendations to regulate, maintain, repair or replace,
as necessary.
Boilers older than fifteen years and with a nominal power greater than 20 kW should
be inspected once by an energy auditor together with the whole heating system, at
a time and in accordance with the procedure defined in the regulation.
Inspectors draw a report assessing the efficiency of the boiler and its capacity in
relation to the energy needs of the building, and give instructions and
recommendations regarding the maintenance, replacement of the boiler system,
and other alternatives.
Air-conditioning
Energy auditors should carry out audits of air-conditioning systems of buildings with
a nominal power of more than 12 kW at least every five years. The inspectors shall
report the efficiency and capacity of the installation of the air-conditioning system,
in relation to the energy needs of the building, and provide appropriate guidelines
and recommendations for improvement or replacement of the installation of the
air-conditioning system.
The inspection reports for boilers and air-conditioning systems are submitted to the
online central register of building certificates.
4 > Qualified Experts
The Training of Experts for Energy audits and the issue of EPCs is outlined in the
new Regulation. The whole procedure foresees 120 hour training courses and exams,
and is going to be organised by the Hellenic Technical Chamber, while training
courses can also be carried out by other academic institutions, following the
training programme elaborated and already defined by the Technical Chamber.
National registry for
Energy Experts:
www.buildingcert.gr
After the exams, if successful, the experts will be registered in a National Registry
for Energy Experts already developed by CRES. Qualified experts should be
engineers and architects with at least 3 years of experience. Experts are
distinguished in three categories of their own choice, i.e., for building inspections
(60 hours of training), heating systems and/or A/C inspections (30 hours of training
in each area). Depending on their academic background, they are also classified
into two classes. Class A experts will be allowed to perform inspections and issue
EPCs for buildings with heating and/or A/C installations up to 100 kW, while class B
experts can perform inspections for all sizes of buildings and systems. Training
courses will start at the end of 2010. The Training of Trainers is already under way
since September 2010 and will be completed at the end of 2010.
In parallel, the National Database for EPCs and inspection reports has already been
developed by CRES. The database will be operated by the Energy Auditors Body,
created under the Ministry of Environment, Energy and Climate Change. Generation
of EPCs and Quality check of EPCs will be done automatically by the system.
Furthermore, random checks of EPCs will also be performed (approx. 2% of the total
number of EPCs uploaded).
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Inspectors responsible for incorrect inspections and EPCs will incur penalties, such
as fines or temporary or even permanent suspension of their qualification,
depending on the severity of error.
Link:
www.buildingcert.gr
Figure 5 - First page of the National Registry for Energy Auditors and Energy Audits
The initial page of the internet based platform for submitting EPCs can be seen
above. This is the interface leading to the registry of auditors and the database of
EPCs.
A Provisional Body of Experts is established in order for the EPC issuing procedure to
start. This is also needed in the framework of a major National Programme,
providing incentives for energy refurbishment of residential buildings (‘Energy
Saving at Home’ - addressed to building stock constructed before 1980), which will
be launched on the 1st of February 2011. These experts will be allowed to conduct
energy audits for a limited time period of 18 months. Qualifications require an
engineering or architecture degree and at least 10 years of experience, while no
training or exams are required. A database for the registration of provisional
experts is already developed by CRES (as mentioned above). Until the end of 2011,
all the auditors in the provisional registry should undergo a training course and
successfully pass exams.
5 > National Campaigns
The main campaign for the issue of EPCs is combined with the campaign of the
‘Energy Saving at Home’ programme, mentioned above. A number of radio and TV
commercials, targeting the general public was launched from the Banks that are
involved in the programme, providing information on the programme and presenting
the Energy Performance Certificate.
The Ministry (MEECC) has produced a brochure which is shown in Figure 6, including
general information on the energy efficiency of buildings, the Energy Certificate
and the new Energy Building Code.
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Figure 6 - Brochure for the initiatives of the Ministry (MEECC) on the Energy
Efficiency of Buildings
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6 > National incentives and subsidies
Links to the websites on
the incentives:
http://exoikonomisi.ypek
a.gr
Four major Energy Saving Programmes for buildings, providing incentives for
implementation of energy efficient measures, have been prepared by the Ministry of
Environment, Energy and Climate Change in relation to:
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- Private houses
- Municipal Buildings
- Public Buildings
– Schools
These four programmes require the issue of an EPC and/or audit procedures,
according to the new Regulation.
‘Energy Saving at Home’, addressed to house/flat owners and providing direct
subsidies (up to 30%) and low rate bank loans (covering the remaining share of the
investment) for the renovation-Energy Performance improvement of existing
buildings. An EPC is required before the implementation of measures and one after
the implementation in order to prove that the EP rating was improved by two
categories (i.e., a flat rated as H should be E after the implementation of
measures).
Program “Saving at Home”
‘Save Energy’ addressed to Municipalities, for buildings owned/used by municipal
services, administration, schools and housing blocks (the process started in 2009,
energy efficiency plans have been prepared and applied by Municipalities, the
selection of the experts to evaluate the proposals has already been completed, and
the evaluation of the plans is under way). An energy audit is required in the
proposal submission phase and an EPC is required after the implementation of
measures, in order to demonstrate the improvement of energy performance. The
programme covers 100% of the expenses.
Energy Performance Improvement of Public Buildings. The Programme was
launched in September 2010 – deadline for applications: March 2011. Audits
according to the new Regulation are required for documenting the interventions.
The programme covers 100% of the investment costs.
Energy Performance Improvement of School Buildings. The programme is under
development. An EPC will be required after the implementation of measures. The
programme covers 100% of the investment costs.
7 > Impact of the EPBD at national level
On the regulatory level, the requirements for issuing building permits, was updated,
including the obligation of a Building Energy performance study.
The implementation of the EPBD added one more climatic zone to the three zones
that were used before and changed the minimum requirements for the U-values
according to the comparative table below.
As described in Section 2, the energy performance levels are expressed in relation
to a reference building, which has prescribed characteristics. The U values
prescribed are different for each climatic zone.
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U-value [W/m2.K]
Minimum Requirements
according to the new
Regulation
Roofs
External Walls
External Floors
Floor over ground
External walls in contact with
the ground
Openings
Glass Facades
UV_D
UV-W
UV_DL
UV_G
Α
0.50
0.60
0.50
1.20
Climatic
Β
0.45
0.50
0.45
0.90
Zone
Γ
0.40
0.45
0.40
0.75
Δ
0.35
0.40
0.35
0.70
UV_WΕ
1.50
1.00
0.80
0.70
UV_F
UV_GF
3.20
2.20
3.00
2.00
2.80
1.80
2.60
1.80
U-value [W/m2.K]
Minimum Requirements
according to the PREVIOUS
Regulation
Roofs
External Walls
Floor over ground
External walls in contact with
the ground
UV_D
UV-W
UV_G
Α
0.50
0.70
3.00
Climatic
Β
0.50
0.70
1.90
Zone
Γ
0.50
0.70
0.70
UV_WΕ
3.00
1.90
0.70
8 > Conclusions and future planning
The full implementation of the EPBD started on the 9 th of January 2011. Up to the
end of 2010, the number of certificates issued exceeds 4,000, although for the time
being an EPC is required only in case of new buildings or in the case of rental or sale
of a whole building. The majority of certificates is issued for selling a property or
for applying for the Programme ‘Energy Saving at Home’ (that offers incentives for
energy refurbishment).
After the 9th of July 2011, issue of a certificate will be required also when renting
part of a building (flats). This is expected to increase the number of issued
certificates until the end of 2011 even more.
Law 3661/2008 has been modified according to the provisions of the EPBD recast,
specifically:
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Programme “Building
the Future”:
http://www.cres.gr/k
ape/XTIZONTAS_TO_M
ELLON.pdf
-the 1,000 m2 limit has been removed,
-60% of Domestic Hot Water production should be provided by Solar
Thermal or Alternative Systems,
-from 2020, all new buildings should cover their primary energy
consumption using RES, CHP, District Heating or high efficiency Heat
Pumps (for Public Buildings the provision is from 2015).
A new, ambitious programme for the promotion of energy saving in buildings, called
“Building the future” has been announced by the Ministry of Environment, Energy
and Climate Change in November 2010 and is under development. The programme
foresees specific interventions for refurbishing 154,000 buildings in total, until the
end of 2014. The interventions in the households refer to replacing windows and
glazing, installing insulation, replacing heating installations and installing solar
thermal equipment. For the commercial sector buildings, the interventions focus on
the installation of insulation, replacing of heating/cooling systems, improving the
lighting systems, installing BEMS and improving building facades. The programme
does not foresee financial incentives but is based on voluntary agreements for
reduced prices, between the supply chain and the final consumers. The expected
savings are estimated to be 14% of the energy consumption of the buildings that will
participate in the programme.
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This report is funded by the Community’s
Intelligent Energy Europe programme
under the contract IEE/CA/07/333
The sole responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the authors. It does not
necessarily reflect the official opinion of the EACI, the European Commission or other
European Institutions. Neither the EACI, nor the European Commission nor any other
European Institutions are responsible for any use that may be made of the information
contained herein. The content is given for information purposes only and does not legally
bind any of the parties involved.
© European Union, 2011
More details on the IEE Programme can be found at
www.ec.europa.eu/intelligentenergy
This report can be downloaded from
www.epbd-ca.eu and also from www.buildup.eu
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