Download Javanese language guidelines and principles

Javanese language guidelines and principles
This document is a reference document to avoid unnecessary discussion about which target
language conventions to follow when translating Sony Ericsson (SE) User Interface texts.
It is intended to help ensure that language and style are used consistently and correctly and that they are standardised between products and between different translators working with the same
target language.
2012-07-06
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Language Principles
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1. Principles that need to be specified for all languages
1.1. How should Numbers and Digits be displayed (e.g. separators, digit grouping, rendering)?
• Use a comma for decimal separator. Put 0 before the comma for numbers smaller than 1.
Example: 7,7 and 0,9
• Use a period for thousands separator.
Example: 1.100
•Spell out the numbers at the beginning of a sentence.
Example: Rong pesen dibusak (Two messages are deleted).
1.2. How should Time and Date formats be translated (incl. abbreviations)?
Time format (24-h format, no leading zero):
Example: 8.30 or 15.45
Date format, depending on space restrictions:
eg. 24 Januari 2010 or 24 Jan 2010; 24-1-2010 or 24-1-10; 24/1/2010 or 24/1/10
1.3. How should Calendar details be displayed (incl. abbreviations)?
For days from Sunday to Saturday = (Minggu, Senen, Selasa, Rebo, Kemis, Jumuwah, Setu)
abbreviation 3 chars = (Min, Sen, Sel, Reb, Kem, Jum, Set)
abbreviation 1 char = (M, S, S, R, K, J, S)
For months from January to December = (Januari, Pebruari, Maret, April, Mei, Juni, Juli, Agustus,
September, Oktober, Nopember, Desember)
Abbreviation for 3 chars = (Jan, Peb, Mar, Apr, Mei, Jun, Jul, Agt, Sep, Okt, Nop, Des)
Abbreviation for 1 char = (J, P, M, A, M, J, J, A, S, O, N, D)
1.4. How should Measurements be indicated (e.g. Imperial/Metric)?
User metric system of measurement. Imperial units should be converted to metric.
Currency: Rp (with space after symbol but NOT period).
Example: Rp 5.000,00
Length: sentimeter or cm.
Example: 0,5 cm.
1.5. How should Names and Addresses be displayed (examples)?
Leave addresses in their original form.
The format of Indonesian addresses is for example:
Guruh Sukarnoputra, Jalan Sekaran 6, Semarang 50000, Indonesia
1.6. Are there any Official regulations (spelling reforms, writing conventions, localisation rules)
applicable for SE UI texts?
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Balai Bahasa Yogyakarta. 2006. Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Jawa Huruf Latin yang
Disempurnakan. Pusat Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. Edisi Revisi. Yogyakarta:
Kanisius.
1.7. Is there any standard Terminology by other actors (e.g. Microsoft, Nokia) used in
telecommunications?
Sony Ericsson is the first using Javanese.
1.8. How should Abbreviations (e.g. “message” written as “msg”) and Truncations
(e.g. “continue” written as “cont.”) be handled?
• Abbreviated forms can be made by omitting some of the letters of the full form (vowels in
particular). They are not followed by a period.
Example:
"pesan" (message) is abbreviated as "psn"
"busak" (delete) is abbreviated as "bsk"
Avoid creating abbreviations if they are not necessary.
• Abbreviations, which are made up of the initial letters of proper names should be written in capital
letters. These abbreviations are not followed by a period.
Example: GPS, VPN, GSM, etc.
Exception: Abbreviations, which are made up of the initial letters of the full form. These
abbreviations are followed by a period.
Example: "lan sakpanunggalane" (et cetera) abbreviated as "lsp."
• Truncations are created by using only the first few letters of the full form. They are followed by a
period.
Example:
"sambung" (connect) is truncated as "samb."
"nomer telepon" (phone number) is truncated as "no. tel."
1.9. How should Acronyms (e.g. “Global Positioning System” written as “GPS”) be handled?
• In JV, acronym is an abbreviation that has become a word. This word is formed from the initials or
other parts of several words and is pronounced as a word. If the letters in an abbreviated form do
not sound like a word, then it is not an acronym.
• GPS, GSM, ISP are not considered acronyms, because they are pronounced as a series of letters
(letter by letter).
• Examples of acronyms: IMEI, PIN, SIM, VoIP
• Write an acronym as it is, without the extended form.
Example: PIN salah (Wrong PIN)
Exception: In User Guides, write an acronym in the extended form for the first time, and thereafter it
can be used as it is, without the extended form.
Example:
Simpen nomer IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) telepon. Nomer IMEI bisa ditemokake sakngisore batere.
(Keep your phone IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) number. IMEI number can be found under the battery.)
1.10. Are there any principles about Soft keys (e.g. regarding limited space)?
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• Use root word to comply with limited space.
• Use an infinitive form instead of an imperative form, when the word is a verb.
• Use a singular form, when the word is a noun.
Example: Waca (read), Bukak (Open), Pesen (Message or Messages)
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2. Potential areas of conflict in Javanese only
2.1. Are there any competing conventions regarding Address/Register (formal/informal tone)? If
so, describe the one SE UI texts should use.
Use “sampeyan” (not “panjenengan” although it is more polite).
2.2. Are there any competing conventions about how Nouns and Verbs (in master text) are
translated (e.g. use of plural forms, verb forms)? If so, describe the one SE UI texts should use.
Singular and plural have the same form. Javanese does not have tenses. All verbs remain the same
in every situation. The subjects of the sentence (I, you, he, she, they, we etc.), the time (today,
yesterday, last year, next month) do not affect the verb form. Javanese do not have impersonal
pronouns, such as 'it' in English, and we have to repeat the noun represented by 'it'. Example: Telpon
nyedhiyakake layanan anyar. Layanan anyar mau bisa ditemokake ing... (Your phone provides a new service. It can be
found under...)
Further, there is no need to use doubled nouns. However, in certain cases, when it is considered
very necessary, the plural can be written by doubling the words, separated by a hyphen.
Example: “computers” — komputer (and NOT “komputer-komputer”).
All the terms in the Termbase should be in their basic grammatical forms as far as possible, e.g.
verbs are in their infinitive forms.<br><br>
Examples: “search” (verb) — tlusur (and NOT “nlusur” NOR "nlusuri"), “search” (noun) — tlusur (and NOT “tlusuran”) but
"starred" (adjective) — ditandhani lintang (and NOT “tandha lintang"), "picker" — pamilih (and NOT “pilih”).
2.3. Are there any competing conventions regarding Articles (e.g. articles and nouns)? If so,
describe the one SE UI texts should use.
N/A
2.4. Are there any competing conventions about which Accented and Special characters to use
in your language? If so, describe the one SE UI texts should use.
"e, è, and é" in SE UI texts are simplified to "e".
2.5. Are there any competing conventions regarding Punctuation and Separators ? If so, describe
the one SE UI texts should use.
Punctuations in Javanese language follow those of the reformed spellings (Ejaan Yang
Disempurnakan, or often shortened as EYD) in bahasa Indonesia. In a simple way (the most
frequently used in SE UI text) they are as follows:
1. The period (.), is used to separate hours with minutes and seconds, and in figures: to separate
thousand, million, trillion etc.
E.g.: at 8.30; 1.234.567;
2. The comma (,) is used when the sentence has not ended yet, there is an interruption, or an order
of words.
3. The period/full stop (.) is used to show that the sentence has ended.
4. the colon (:) is used after a statement, before a set of examples, or descriptions.
5. The forward slash (/) used is used to indicate an alternative, and to separate fractions, dates.
6. Brackets (()) is used to indicate an explanation.
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2.6. Hyphenation should generally be avoided! Space constraints may change after translation,
causing text to reflow and hyphenations to appear in the middle of rows. If hyphenation is the ONLY
viable option for your language, describe which convention SE UI texts should use.
A hyphen exists in Javanese. It is used in repeated words.
For example: ambal-ambalan or bola-bali (repeatedly), undhang-undhang (regulation).
When considered very necessary it is used in plural, which is formed by repeating the noun.
2.7. Are there any competing conventions regarding Capitalisation ? If so, describe the one SE UI
texts should use.
Use this link as reference: Capitalisation
http://id.wikisource.org.wiki/Pedoman_Umum_Ejaan_Bahasa_Indonesia_yang_Disempurnakan
Capital letter is used as
1. the first letter of a sentence.
2. the first letter of the name of:
a person: Barrack Obama,
a country: Indonesia, Jepang (Japan), Cina (China)
religion: Islam, Katholik
a race: Jawa (Javanese), Sunda (Sundanese)
a month: Januari (January), Pebruari (February)
a day: Minggu (Sunday)
geography: Pulo Jawa (Java Island)
brand name: Android, Sony Ericsson
2.8. Are there any competing conventions about Terms left in English in your language? If so,
describe the one SE UI texts should use.
Do not use italics for terms left in English.
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2.9. Are there any competing conventions about translating Trademarks in your language? If so,
describe the one SE UI texts should use.
Follow Sony Ericsson Guideline for Trademarks and Names (SNYE TaN)
2.10. Are there any competing conventions about Transliterations in your language? If so,
describe the one SE UI texts should use?
To notice the use of double consonant 'dh' and 'th'.
For example: dhaptar instead of daftar (list), adhedhasar instead of adedasar (based on), jendhela instead of jendela
(window), sethithik (a few)
2.11. Are there any competing conventions about Loan words from other languages? If so,
describe the one SE UI texts should use.
Use loan words from Indonesian if there are no Javanese synonyms but subject to linguistic rules in
Javanese.
2.12. Is there any specific information about the Receiving markets for your language? If so,
describe what applies to SE UI texts.
Use the Yogya-Solo standard Javanese.
2.13. Are there any Issues translators/validators have disagreed on in previous SE projects? If
so, describe what applies to SE UI texts.
Term 'content' should remain to be translated to "isi" instead of "konten" (Deerstalker Termbase
review April 2010).
2.14. Other
N/A
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3. Reference Material
Dictionaries
1. Tim Balai Bahasa Yogyakarta. 2011. Kamus Basa Jawa (Bausastra Jawa). Edisi Ke-2.
Yogyakarta: Kanisius
2. Widada. 2001. Bausastra Jawa. Yogyakarta: Kanisius
3. Wardoyo. 2010. Kamus Lengkap Jawa-Indonesia & Indonesia-Jawa. Yogyakarta: Absolut
4. Mangunsuwito, S.A. 2002. Kamus Lengkap Bahasa Jawa, Jawa-Jawa, Jawa-Indonesia,
Indonesia-Jawa. Bandung: CV Yrama Widya
5. Widoro, W. 2010. Kamus Praktis Bahasa Jawa Popular, Jawa-Indonesia & Indonesia-Jawa.
Yogyakarta: Atma Jaya University
6. Sugiarto et al . 2009. Kamus Indonesia-Daerah (Jawa, Bali, Sunda & Madura). Jakarta: PT
Gramedia Pustaka Utama
7. Nugroho, K., 1995. Kamus Indonesia-Jawa. Solo: CV Buana Raya
8. Utomo, S.S. 2009. Kamus Lengkap Jawa-Indonesia. Cetakan ke-1. Yogyakarta: Kanisius
9. Syuropati, M.A. 2010. Kamus Pintar Kawruh Jawa. Yogyakarta: IN AzNa Books
10. Robson, S. and S. Wibisono. 2002. Javanese English Dictionary. Hong Kong: Periplus Editions
11. Horne, E.C. 1974. Javanese-English Dictionary. New Haven and London: Yale University
12. Pusat Bahasa. 2008. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka
13. http://www.bahtera.org/kateglo/ (online Indonesian dictionary, glossary, proverbs, abbreviations)
14. http://pusatbahasa.diknas.go.id/kbbi/ (online Indonesian dictionary)
15. http://pusatbahasa.diknas.go.id/glosarium/ (online Indonesian glossary)
16. Febrian, J. 2007. Kamus Komputer and Teknologi Informasi. Bandung: Penerbit Informatika
Grammar books
1. Purwadi, Mahmudi, and Erna. 2005. Tata Bahasa Jawa. Jakarta: Media Abadi
2. Wedhawati et al . 2012. Tata Bahasa Jawa Mutakhir. Edisi revisi. Cetakan ke-4. Yogyakarta:
Kanisius
3. Harjawiyana, H. dan Supriya, Th. 2011. Marsudi Ungah-ungguh Basa Jawa. Cetakan ke-7.
Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius
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Document history
Date
Owner
2011-04-20 Anna Maria Wąsik
2011-05-16 Anna Maria Wąsik
2011-05-16
2011-05-16
2011-05-16
2012-07-06
2012-07-06
VistaTEC
Moravia
Csoft
Anna Maria Wąsik
Comment
TSPs' comments referred to by validator
Moravia's endorsement 2 comments
referred to by validator
Approved
Approved
Approved
update of Sections:
1/Section 2.2:
-Change: „doubled words‟ is changed to
„doubled nouns‟.
-Addition of a principle and examples: All the
terms in the Termbase should be in their
basic grammatical forms as far as possible,
e.g.
verbs are in their infinitive forms. (and
adding examples)
2/Section 2.11:
-Addition of an explanation „but subject to
linguistic rules in Javanese‟.
3/Sections 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3:
-Addition of 5 new references, including 2
updates.
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Language Principles
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Endorsements
Date
2012-07-06
Company
Comment
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