Download Theme #2 (PB pgs. 77-133) - Willows Unified School District

Launching the Theme
Selection Connections
~
Name
What Really Happened?'
Each selection in this theme attempts to explain a mystery. After
reading each selection, complete the chart below and on the next
page to show what you learned about these mysteries.
Amelia Earhart:
First Lady of
Flight
The
Girl
\
Who Married
the Moon
Dinosaur
Ghosts
What mystery
does the
selection dttempt
to explain?
What do you
think the
author's purpose
was in writing
the selèction?
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What kind of
writing is the
selection an
example of?
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 77
Launching the Theme
Selection Connections
Name
What Really Happened? Amelia Earhart:
. First Lady
Flight
of
The Girl
Who Married
the Moon
Dinosaur
Ghosts
How did the
author attempt
to .explain the
mystery?
Why do you
think the "
mystery
fascinates
, people?
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What are some
different ways in which people tr to explain
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mysterious events?
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78' Theme 2: What
Really H,appened?
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Key Vocabulary
Name
A'Tragic Disappearance
Use these words to complete the paragraph below.
..
. One of the greatest mysteries in the history of
of
is the
famed pilot Amelia Earhart and her
down
Fred Noonan. When Amelia
and took off toward Howland
the
Island on
the second of July, 1937, she seemed certain to
her goal of flying around the world at
the equator. She had been giving an
words were an
of her experiences to newspapers, and her
.
..
..
.
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
accounting
journal
runway
disappearance
.
.
.
..
..
.
..
..
.
aviation
taxied
inspiration
.. .
.
..
.
.
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
..
..
..
..
.
aacomplish
navigator
transmission
...
..
..
.
..
.
..
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to milions of people everyhere.
She was also keeping a , in which she
recorded her thoughts. During that day's flight, radio operators
lost contact with Amelia after she sent a confusing
over the radio. She and Noonan
never reached their goal.
It
may
never be known for sure
what happened.
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? ,79
.
-
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
~~,,~~"";-' à~-":;"~" -- ~-"''¡ef ..:i~~~~'~" "'~_t'Äz-.. :6~~-"!f __ ~=~,.(; ~j L ~...¡; .;:=""...-",I:#;;J.~"'~' ~ ","'v. ~~"
Graphic Organizer Fact and
Name
. Opinion Chart
Fact' and Opinion Chart
Fact or
Opinion?
Passage
Howl Can Tell
. Page 148: She had read the
note but believed Noonan had
made an error,
Page 148: Noonan hod bèen
,
right that it was necessary to
turn south in order to get to
Dakar.
.
Page 151: Earhart's pICine ran
out of gas and crashed at sea.
.
Page I 52: Amelia Earhart was
spying for the U,S.
ÇJovernment.
Page 153: The Japanese did _.
not let the U.S. search party
into the,ir waters, or onto the
look
islands they controlled, to
for Amelia and Fred.
Page 154: When Goerner
showed the islanders.
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photographs. of several women,
all
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of them picked Earhart as
the woman they had seen.
Page
154: Amelia
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had been -
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brainwashed and was "Tokyo
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Rose."
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Page 1,56:. Amelia was "a
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trógedy of the sea."
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80 ' . Theme 2: What Really Happened?
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Amelia Earhart: First Lady ,
of Flight
Comprehension Check
Name
Mystery Fact Sheet
..' ....... . . . ..' .' .. .. .'
Fil in the fact sheet belowwith important information
from the selection.
......... ..' . '..
'.0 .
. . The navigator: !
. The goal:
Where their plane disappearèd:
. . . l. . ., '" . .....
..
00.. 00. .' . .,
What Happened?
Evidence Against
Supporting Evidencé
The Theories
,
\
,
I. They ran out of gas
and crashed
into the
ocean.
.
.2. They were spies for
the United States.
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3. Amelia was stil olive.
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4. Amelia crashed on
Nikumaroro.
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Theme 2: Wh,at Really Happen,d? 81
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Comprehension Skill Fact
Name
and Opinion
Focus on Facts
Read the passage. Then complete the activity,on page 83.
0
Jacqueline Cochran, American Aviator
Jacqueline Cochran was a record-breaking female ~viator.Though
not as famous as Charles Lindbergh or Amelia Earhart, she certainly
deserves to be.
,born in the early 1900s in Pensacola, Florida. She
had a poor childhood in a lumber mil town. By age thirteen, she was
Jacqueline was
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beauty salon. Eveì:úiially, she moved to
working as a hair cutter in a
own cosmetics company. This was a
. . \
"New York City and started her
courageous and admirable achievement. So thatshe could sell her
moment, when I
said, "a beauty operator ceased to exist
products in more places, she learned to fly. "At that
Cochran
paid for my first lesson,"
,and an aviator was born."
Soon Jacqueline was the leading female pilot in the, United States. In
. Septemper of 1938, with just enough gas' for another few minutes of flyig,
Race. This was.a trlyincredible feat:
flew the 2,042 miles from Los Angeles to Cleveland
she won the transcontinental Bendix
the former beautician
in an amazing 8 hours, 10 miutes, and 31 seconds. She~was the first
person to finish the course nonstop. More than once, she was,awarded the
the 'highest honor given then to American
, .
womeii's Harmon Trophy,
and several
women aviators. She also brolæ the women's altitude record
speed
"but I
records. "I might have been bomin a hovel," Jacqueline said,
was determined to travel with the wind and the stars."
In 1943, during Wòrld War II, Jacqueline, became' the leader of the
Pilots, or WASPs. These pilots did jobs such,
\ '
Women's Airforce Servce
at repair
as ferryg planes, tràining B- i 7 turret gunners, testing planes
depots, ai;d teaching staff pilots at navigator schools. By the end of 1944,
refused to adipit the WASPs into the miltary
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ho~ever,Congress unfairly
:;
and' ended the 'program. Despite her disappointnent, Jacqueline
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continu~d to fly
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and set records, until
the 1970s, when health problems .
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forced her to stop flying. She died in 1980.
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82 Theme 2: What
Really Happened?
of Flight'
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
Comprehension Skill Fact J
Name
and Opinion
Focus on Facts
continued
page 82.
Answer these q,uestionsabout the passage on
I . What opinion about Jacqueline Cochran doès the author give in the
first paragraph?
2. The author includes several facts and one opinion in the ~econd
them here.
paragraph.
Write
Facts:
Opinon:,
3. What opinion about
Jacqueline's victory in the transcontinental
third paragraph? .
Bendix Race does the author give in the
4. The author uses façtS to suppôrt an opinion about Jacqueline's
victory in the Bendix Race. What are they?
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~ 5. What opinion does the author give in the fourth paragraph?
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I 6. Rewrite the following sentence so it states a fact ànd not an opinion:
t Jacqueline Cochran was an amazing
female aviator.
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~Theme 2: What Really Happened? 83
Earhart: First Lady .
Amelia
of Flight
Strctural Analysis Suffixes
Name
~er, -or, -ar, -ist, -ian, -an,
-ent, -ee
Be a Searcher!
Amelia Earhart's plane has words on it. Circle each word that has a
to complete
suffx meaning "someone who." Then use those words
sentences.
the
mother' engineer
career
honor
assist,
writer
politician
survivor
prisoner
, \
I. Years of training in how to handle a plane have made him, an
excellent . .
The thanked everyone who voted for her.
,2.
3~When the war was over, each. was set free. .
.4. Every .. in the toWn had lived there at least
five years.
5.
The
took a boat to school every day.
had always liked to make up stories
6. The
~
when she was a child.
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is experimenting to find out how
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'trees. make oxygen.
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reported on the record-:breaking
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blizzard.
9 .My grandfather was
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,of a
house .
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fire 'when he was young.
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designed. a new plan for the factory.
10. The
84 Theme 2:
What Really Happened?
8
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Spellng Vowel + /r/ Sounds
Name
Vowel + /r/ Sounds
Remember
the following spellng patterns for these vowel + Ir/
sounds:
lûrl
lôrl
lörl
lîrl
ear, ur, ir
or, our
ar
ier
earth, urge, skirt
scorn, mourn
snarl
I. fierce
2. sword
3. court
fi~rc,e
4. snarl
Write each Spellng Word under its vowel + /r/, sounds.
5. thorn
6. earth
lûrl Sounds
lôrl Sounds
7. skirt
8. chart
9. urge
10. yarn
1'1. whirl
12. mourn
I 3. rehearse
14. curb
lärl Sounds
15. earnest
1.6. starch
17. purse
18. birch \
19. pierce
20. scorn
lîrl Sounds
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:,~::.::,~~~":'j~:';:J=~1;J.~.
i;*.. ..:. _ ~~;~t
~ .: ,; ;;:(~~.J~~;~. \'t:t;~~~~):rr;;:.::;,. . .
i: '" ?:"t-. _ ' . . lo', ""..;, """,:.. . . .
)~. ". ~ ~~r~.~: ...... :..: . ..:"':';':..:.:.=;~;f,,:":F..::.r. . '.. '::~.'....r'c" ...:: .....
~ . ,....~. .'~ I" - -....::.:~:;:.~.i:.;.~,~:.:.: -. .,..:'~.~~.:~~:.~.~\~.(;~?~~:.;,~.,'"......
~ ,..~... ....:...,. ~~ ~':". :''', f!ji~'
~ ~ ,;,:,,::,(::~,;;: \. .' - . - '. ~::: -. , . .
.1o ". "'i;;.t;~::. ;~;; !!ÆjY;~~;;t~I;;.i?~t;;t2;0~t;'N~;.:',;jf.:;,~,:i;,~~~:;;;~?~Z:1~j~;;i!"
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Theme 2: What Really Happähed? 85,
. Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Spellng Vowel + /r/ Sounds
Name
Spelling Spree
Clues Write a Spellng Word for each clue.
. i. You do this to prepare for a performance.
2. A judge presides there.
3. You step off this to cross a street.
wear one with a blouse.
5. A unfrìendly dog may do this.
6. Some people ask the cleaner to adÙit to their laundry.
7. Its bark may be white and papery. .,
8. Kittens :get tangled up in it.
9. You might find change in this.
4. A
I. fierce
2. sword'
3. court
woman may
4. snarl
5. thorn
6. earth
7. skirt
8. chart
9. urge
i.
6.
2.
7.
3.
8.
.4. '
9.
10. yarn
II. wHirl
12. mourn
I 3. rehearse
5.
Word Search Write the Spellng Word thøt is hidden in each
sentence.
Example: How is a pear likean apple? pearl
! O. Everybody loves corn on the cob!
14. curb
15. earnest
16. starch
17. purse
18. birch.
19. pierce
20. scorn
1 i. Did you hear that moaning sound?
12. The people at the pier celebrated the yacht's victory.
1 3. He gave me his word of honor.
l':. The gardener will trim our new rosebushes.
10.
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86' ,Theme 2: What
uo
Really Happened?
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Spellig Vowel + /r/ Sounds
Name
Writing
Proofreading and
the six misspelled Spellng Words in this
each worcl correctly.
Circle
Proofreading
message. Then write
1-. fierce
2. sword
3. court
4. snarl
5. thorn
While we were flying toward HowLand IsLand.
6. eòrth
we ran into some feirce winds. The pLane began to
7. skirt
wirLoid of controL. It came to earth on an isLand
8. chart
9. urge
, that Fred and I can't find on our cheart. Our
supplies
10. yarn
the
are running Low. and the onLy pLants on
12. mourn
urn bushes that bear no fruit. We
island are tho
earge anyone who finds this message to contact the
government. A rescue operation must
United states
II. whirl
be organized immediateLy. This is in ernest. It is
~ not a pra;"k!
13.
rehearse
14. curb
, I 5. earnest
starch
17. purse
16.
18. birch
I. 4..
2.
5.
3.
6.
. 19. pierce
20/scorn
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~_". Write a Journal Entry Amelia was a uÌique individual who
attempted a d~ring feat. Have you ever tried
'something that may have
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had some element. of risk to it? Did anyone tr to discourage you? Did
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you have doubts?
How
did you resolve the doubts? Use your own or
someone else's experience to think about the idea of taking risks.
.' . .
Ona separate sheet of paper, writè a Journal entry about taking
the list.
risks. Use Spellng Words from
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 87
Arne'lia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Vocabulary Skin Dictionary:
Syllables
Name
Stress on Syllables
Read each dictionary entry. ,Sound out the word several times,
placing stress ona different syllable each time. Circle the choice
with the correct stress.
I. apeproach (d prõch') v. To come near or nearer in place or time.
APeproach
apePROACH
,.j;,
2. aevieaetion (ã' ve ã' shdn) n. The art of operating and navigating'
aircraft.
Aevieaetion
aevieaetion aevieAetion aevieaeTION
3. calecuelate (kal' kYd lãt) V. To find or,determIi;e an answer by'
using mathematics.
CALecu elate
, caleCUelate
cal
e
cue LATE
4. con eti enent (kõn' td ndnt) n. O~e of the seven great land masses of
the earth.
CON eti enent
coneTlenertt
conetieNENT
5. exehausteed ('g zôst'dd) adj. Completely worn-out; tired. .
EXehausteed exeHAUSTeed exehausteED
. 6. freequenecy (frë' kWdU se) n. The number of
complete cycles of a
wave, su~h as a radio wave, that occur per second.
, FREequenecy
freeQUENecy
7. ree'fueel (re fyõõ'dl)'v. To provide with fuel
, REefueel
reeFUeel
freequen .CY
again.
reefueEL '
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8. re"verse (d vûrs')v. To turn around to
the opposite direction.
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REeverse
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88 Themei:What Ree;lly Happened?
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Grammar Skil Possessive
Name
Nouns
Amelia'sPlane
Singular and 'Plural Possessive Nouns Possessive nouns show
ownership or possession. To form the possessive of a singular noun, add
an apostrophe and an -s ('s). To form the possessive of a plural noun that
ends in -s, add only an apostrophe (').To form the possessive of a plural
noun that does not end in -s, add an apostrophe and an -s ('s).
l"jill!i,0;iifl'lI'1.I?'Jlji,%:.æ;:_;;i.iI_;OIliiIDJ¡¡¡.¡Iill¡¡¡_";;:.sB-i.êll.:i!ili0'lI
I singular noun: dog singular noun: James : I
I possesive: dog's possive.: Jome's I
l plural noun: boys plural noun: deer I
I possessive: boys' possessive: deer's I
'!_i¡:i.o/i¡¡.;:';.ä%iliI~&.¡jli~_!!.íl!';II!"""'j¡~;i;¡%¡lI;i!!!_ii_¡¡¡.I-,
Write the possessive form of each noun in parentheses.
I. the (plane)
cockpit
2. the (women)
plane
3. the (planes)
hangar
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4. the (man)
binoculars
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5. our (countr)
flag
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Theine 2: What Really Happened? 89
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Grammar Skin More
- Possessive Nouns
Name-
Amelia Earhart's
Disappearance
More Possessive Nouns Remember how to form possessive nouns:
I. Add an apostrophe and an -:s ('s) toa singular noun.
2. Add an apostrophe and an -s ('s) to a plural noun that does
not end in -so
3. Add an apostrophe (') to a plural noun that ends in -so
The following sentences use phrases that show possession or
possessive noun.
ownership. Revise each underlined phrase to use a
Example: Lynette visited the home
of Amelia Earhart.
Lynette visited Amelia Earhart's home.
. I . No one
knows the fate of Amelia Earhart.
2. Her fate has aroused the interest of many people;
3., The theories of researchers are interesting to read.
4 .
The fascination of Ross with Earhart's disappeara.nçe has led him to
read many books.
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5: The planes of early pilots ~etni primitive todày;
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90 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Gramar Skin Using
Name
Apostrophes '
Write to My Friend
Using Apostrophes Writers use apostrophes in possessives and in
contractions. If you leave an apostrophe out, you can confuse your
you use an apostrophe incorrectly, you can also
reader. Likewise, if
in
confuse your reader. Lpok at how apoatrophe~ change the meaning
the examples below.
We'll see you. Well see you. the dog's food the dogs' food
Proofread the following draft of a letter Lynette wrote to her friend
in
in Kansas. Underline each error in the use of apostrophes
possessives and contractions. Then rewrite each underlined. '
word c,orrectly above the error.
o
o
o
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Dear Carolyn,
Im llO glad that I' had the chance to visit, you
in Kansas last month. You ca'nt imagne how, much
I miss seeing you in school every day, but the town
you now live in is beautiful. It is interesting
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¡,
that
your town is also Amelia Earharts hometown. I
enjoyed visiting her familys' house. Her
inspired me,
story
and I havent stopped thinkng about
,the mystery. What do you thi really happened?
Your, friend,
Lynnette
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 91
Amelia Earhart:' First Lady "
of Flight
Wnting Skin News Article
Name
Writing a News Article
Amelia, Earhart's disappearance over the Pacific Ocean during her
1937 flight around the world was front-page news. Imagine you are
to
a reporter for the World News and Recorder. Use:the chart below
gather facts and details for a news article about the disappearance of
about another historic event. Answer these
Earhart's plane or
What happened? When, where, and
questions: Who was involved?
why did this event occur? How did it happen?
Who?
,
What?
When?
-
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Where?"
,
Why?
How?
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Now úsethe details, and 'facts you gathered to write your, news article
on å. separate sheet of paper. Write a beginning that gives the facts,
,
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yet captures the reader's attention. Present the facts you recorded
in the chart in the order of ,most to least important. Use quotations
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where possible to bring,this news event to life, and include
headline that wil grab your reader's attention.
92 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
8
Amelia Earhart: First Lady
of Flight
Writing Ski Improving
Name
Your Writing ,
Adding Details
A good reporter'usts details to hold the ipterest of readers and satisfy their
and to make the people who were
curiosity, to clearly explain what happened,
. involved in the event come alive.
Read the following draft ofa news article. Then rewrite it on the lines
the list to improve it.
below, adding details from
Aviator Mysteriously Vanishes
American-aviator Amelia Earhart and her navigator mysteriously
and Noonan were
vanished in the skies on
July 2,1937. Earhart
attempting a west-to-east flight. Their airplane, which departed
from Lae, New Guinea, was headed northeast when it disappeared.
the
The last radio communication with Earhart occurred in
morning with 'Wllam Galten, who servesaboard the United States
Coast Guard cutter.
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over the Pacific Ocean
Frederick Noonan
toward tiny Howland Island
Itasca
at8:47 A.M,
around the world
Radioman Third Class
Lockheed Electra
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Theme 2: What Really H~ppened? 93
Reading-Writing
Workshop
Revising Your Story
Name
Revising Your Story
Reread your story. What do you need to make it better? - Use this
page to help you decide. Put a checkmark in the box for each
sentence that describes your story.
Loud and Clear!
..)))
o
o
o
o
o
o
are well developed.
My settng, characters~ and plot
The beginning catches the reader's attention.
,
The dialogue is realistic and effective.
I use exact nouns to make the stor's action clear to the reader.
The' conflct is resolved in a satisfyng way.
There
are very few mistakes.
Soundig Stronger
described in a vague way.
o My settng, characters, and plot are
o The
beginning could be more interesting.
details.
o I need more di~lQgue and
'0 I could use more exact nouns to, bring the story to life.
o The conflct isn't resolved well.
'Ó
D Errors make parts of the story hard to follow. ,
Tum Up, Volume ,
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OMy begining does not hook the reader.,
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,0 The story doesn't have a clear conflict.
,0 Too many grammatical mistakes 'make the story' hard to, read.
94 Theme 2: What Reàlly Happened?
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Reading-Writing
Workshop
Inproving.Your Writing
Name
Using Exact Nouns
,. '
R'eplace each underlined noun. In exercises 1-4, circle the letter of
the noun that best completes each sentence. In exercises 5-8, write
in.a noun of your own choice.
I . A lion held a mouse in its hands and said, "Tell IIe why L should not
eat you, little one."
a.legs
b.:fngers
C. paws
from a great
2. "Because one day 1 may save you
d. jaws
situation,"
said the mouse.
a. per~l
b. happiness
c. accident
d. elephants
such as you ever help
a great animal- such as myself?" the lion asked.
3. The lion laughed. "How could a tiny
mouse
a. mammal ,b. beast c. critter d. freak
4. The lion lèt the mouse go and it èscaped into the' beyond.
'a. unknown b. trail c. cave d. jungle
5. WeeksJater, the mouse heard a sound and found a lion caught in
a net.
6. "H~lp me, litte
mouse," the lion cried. "I am in deep adversity."
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7. Wìth teeth as sharp as pins, the mouse ate through the net and freed
the lion. "How can I ever repay you?" said the lion.
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that
you caught weeks ago. You let me make an exit then, so I helped you
8. "You a1readyhave," said the mouse. "For I am the same mouse
now."
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 95
Reading~Writing
Workshop
Frequently
Misspelled Words
Name
SpeUing Words
Look for familar spellng patterns to help you remember how to
spell the Spellng Words on ths page. Think carefully about the
parts that you find hard to spell in each word.
I. tonight
Write the .missing letters in the Spellng Words below.
2. everywhere
~Â
tb ·
3. everybody
4. another ,
.-:-;-.
5. because
6. whole
7. people
t
I. ton
2. ev
where
3. ev
body
8. cousin
9. clothes
10. height
4.
II. always
other
12. right
5.bec
13.
e
might
14. really
6.
7. p
ole
15. everytning
pIe
n
8. ¿
9. do
s
t
'IO.h
II. a
ys
12. r
t
'Ó
, ~Q)
3:
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.: 13. m
t
14. re
.y
15. ev
.gi
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thing
.
Study List, Ona separate, sheet of paper, write each Spéllng
Word. Check your ,spellng against the words on the list.
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96 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
Reading-Writing
Workshop
Frequendy Misspelled Words
Name
Spelling'Spree .
each
Syllable Scramble Rearrange- the syllables in
item
to write a Spellng Word. There is one extra syllable in
each item.
I. tonight
I . ways al all
i. .
2. oth.un an er
2.
3. èause be coz
3. '
4. ry were eve whère
4.
5~ nite night to
6. pIe pe peo
7. ev thing ry eve
8. bo eve ry in dy
2. everywhere
3. everybody
4: another
.5. because
6. whole
7. people
5.
8. cousin
6.
9. clothes
10. height
7.
II. always
8.
12. right
13. might
Find a Rhyme Write a Spellng Word that rhymes with the
sentence.
underlined word and makes se.nse in the
14. really
15. èverything
9. It looks like. we have to find another site for
the building.
I O. Soinebody stole the eight thousand dollars!
I I. There's only a slight difference between your and mine.
I 2. When she gets mad, she gets
a steely look in her eyes.
I 3. My brother really loathes buying new
14.
1
~
Turn the
screw to thè until it gets really tight.
15. I'm going to pick up a dozen donuts for my
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14.
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Theme 2: What Really, Happened? 97
Reading-Writing
Workshop
Frequendy Misspelled Words
Name
Proofreading and Writing
five 'misspelled Spellng Words in this
write each word correctly.
Ptoòfreading Circle the
advertisement. Then
I. tonight
. 2. everywhere
3.
Reads",
everybody
4. another
about itt
5. because
6. whole
7. 'people
You mite think you've heard the whole
8. cousin
9. clothes
storyhehind last winter's plane crashes, but if
i O. height
you do, you're 'Yrong. Do you want to know
II. always,
12. right
, what realy happened? Then read the'book that
everyone everwhere is
13. might
talking about! This
14. really
book tells you evringthat you could want to
15, everything
i
down. It
know about why those flghts went
just goes to show that you can't al1ways believe
what you see on television!
4.
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,taking turns writing sentences" write a mystery story. .use Spellng
Words from the list.
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98 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
, The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Key Vocabulary'
Name
Fishing for the Rig,ht Word
Fil in each blank with a word from the box.
i. If you are in a light, one-person boat traditionally uséd in the
Arctic, you are in a
2. If you watch
the moon each night for a month, you will
observe all its
, 3. If you live in a very small settlement, you live in a
.
..
.
..
..
.
e
..
..
..
.
..
..
..
..
..
..
.
..
..
..
.
..
'Vocaõular'¥,
" , ~ '" ~ - , .~
rtàinland
suspicious
common room
sod
hearth
phases
,
kayak
. .
sparkling
village
..
.
..
.'
..
..
..
..
..
.
..
..
..
..
..
.
.. '
.
.. '
..
.
..
,', ..................... 0",_...
waters.
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.Theme2: WhatReally Happened? 99
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Graphic Organizer
Name
Inferences
Chart
Inferences Ch'art
Evidence from
the Story
Question
. Own
Knowledge
Inference
Pages 172..173
What does nature .
mean to the
their
.
cousins and
culture?
Pages 175-176
It
Why'do you think
Moon wants the
cousin
most patient
for his wife?
Page 176
c¡
B
What is'the work
Möonmust do?
, Pages 178-179
star
Why are the
" people lying
facedown?
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Why does Moon's
, wife cover'her
head with a blanket
and say she has a
páin 'on her face? '
i 00 Theme 2:
What
Really Happened?
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~-,""h. 6.0.
The
Girl'Who Married the
Moon
Comprehension Check
Name
Questioning the Answers
question below.
. Write an answer for each
I. When did the cousins fall in
,love with the Moon?
, '
,. '
2. What did the cousins have to do in order to become the Moon's
wife?
, .
3. Whàt happened t0the cousin who opened her eye?
4. What did the Moon tell his wife not to do? ' ,
the Moon's wife
met?
5.
Who were.the one-eyed people whom
6.
What
7.
What happened to Moon's wife when she tried o~ one of his masks? .
did the Moon's wife find
in the storeroom?
8. Whatjoh did the Moon give his wife?
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Theme 2 :WÍiat Really Happened? 10 1
~ ~ _ ~ ~ I "'-' - - J ~~ : ,~,~;, ,,,,,___,~~ ,; ",::, "v,:,;:,~. :,L :=:;:-.,~..1f,:",.,,;. ',-¡.' ;;c~~=-:"::~:::=-.'~,,,; '--,,~. :
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Comprehension Skill
Name
Making Inferences
Putting Clues Together
Read the passage. Then complete the activity on page 103.
Greek Myt
Eos and Tithonus, A
It was still dark when Eos, the' dawn, awoke. ,She rose from her pink
pilows and pushed her yellow bedcover aside. Pale light glowed from, '
fingers into a glass and sprinkled dewdrops
Then she tan outside and threw open the palace gates;
her hair. Eos dipped her rosy
over the world.
She shaded ,her eyes as four fiery stallons pulled a golden chariot with
her brother Helios, the sun, through the gates into the early morning sky.
Afer latching the gates, Eos.yawned and strolled back into the palace.
From the bedroom she heard a tiny cough. Tithonus, her husband,
must be awake. "Poor dear," Eos thought, hurryng ,to the bedside. She ,
caught sight of her$e1f in the mirror and couldn't help smiling. She
didn't look a day over tWenty, although she was far, far older than her
husband.
Eos looked. everyhere fpr Titho~us, butshe couldn't find him. At
she spied him'crouching in a corner, ashriveled, tiny man about the
last
size of a grasshopper. In fact, his
,wheezing sounded
a litte like chirping. .
sadly. "He isqùÌte old - almost 350," she thought. It
Eos sighed
seemed only yesterday that ,she had glimpsed him on Earth, the
begged Zeus to make him
handsomest young man imaginable. She had
could marry him. Zeus had done his best,
, inlmortal so "she
that soniething like ths might happen~ " ,
warned her
Afer serving
, riot keep
but he'd
Tithonùsa very small, breakfast, she bad ~n idea. Why
him inhet litte handkerchef basket? A basket might, keep him
.iafe, and itw~scer~iny a .better size for 'hlin than furniture in the palace.
on the
, Tithonus did not 'object tÒ his new home, andEosset the' basket
SlU. Thatnigp.t his sadchirpirtgJul~~' . .
, , " ", i.',',' ',,', ,','
windowsil so he
could,enjoythe
her to sleep. When Epspëered into thebaske,t nextmorrg, she'
thought he lookedgreeher than hé did thè day'before. c::
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" .102 Theme 2 :
What ReallýHappened?
The Girl 'Who Married the
Moon
Comprehension Skin
'Name
Making Inferences
Putting Clues Together
continued
Answer these q,uestions about the story on page I 02.
I. How does Eos feel about Tithbnus?
3. What has happened to Tithonus that has not happened to Eos?' ,
4. What seems to b~ happening toTithonus? How can you tell?
)
5. What do you think Tithomis might become? Why?
, 6. Myts and folktales often do more, than entertain. What purpose
.¿
"
do you think ths story has? Circle one answer.
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A. to teach a lesson abóut what is right
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B. to explain how'grasshoppers came to'be
C. to explain the movement of the sun and moon
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Theme 2: What ReaílyHappened? 103
The Girl Who: Married the
Moon
Strctural Analysis Inflected
Name
Endings -s and -es
What's .theEnding?
Read the letter. Circle the ten words with the endings -s or -es.
'Write each word in the first column, and then write the base word
and the ending.
Word
Base word,
Ending
i.
2.
3. '
'Ó
4.
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5.
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104 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
8
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Spellng Homophones
Name
Homophones
Words that sound alike but have different spellngs and meanings
homophones. 'Wen you use a homophone, be sure
are called
to spell the word that has
the meaning you want.
i. fir
vain (van) unsuccessful, fruitless
2. fur
vein (van). a blood vessel
3. scent
Write the homophone pairs among the Spellng Words.
4. sent
5. scene
6. seen
Homophones
'.7. vain
8. vein
/
9. prinCipal
10. principle
II. manor
12. manner
13. who's
14. whose
15. tacks
16. tax
17. hangar
18. hanger
19. died
20. dyed
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 105
The Girl Who Married the
Maon
Spellng Homophones
Name
Spelling Spree
Homophone Riddles Write,a pair of Spellng Worcis to
complete each statement.
I. fir
1-2. A hook to hang your coat on in an airport storage
tmilding is a
3-4. A dog might Gall the needles of a pine tree .
5-6. The most important one in a set of iiles or standards is
the
'7-8. A gift of perfue mailed to a friend is'a
i.
'2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
t _ . .
Familar PllrasesWrite the Spèllng Word that completes
phrase or se~tence. Remember to capitalize the first
each
.
word ina sentence.
2. fur
3.
scent
4. sent
5. scene
6. seen
7. vain
8. vein
9. principal
i O. principle
II. manor
12. manner
, 13. who's
14. whose
15. tacks
16. tax
9. as às a peacock
17. hangar
18. hanger
10. a tie- , shirt
I I . the of the crime
19. died,
20. dyed
I 2. not pushpins, but
13. draw blood from a
I, .
'Ó
I 4. federal income
~
i
Knock; k:ock. there?
is.
~
.~ ,
9.
13.
10.
14.
II.
15.
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106 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Spellng Homophones
Name
Proofreading and Writing
Proofreading Circle the five misspelled Spellng .Wordsin this
e-mail message. Then write each word correctly.
I. fir
2. fur
~
From: :Moon
~
3. scent
, .l\
Jt
Subject: My wife
4. sent
5. scene
6. seen
7. vain
8. vein
bored in our huge, empty marmor. Well, I have decided
to let her
.
9. principal
10. principle
share moon duties with me. She will carry the
II. manor
moon's light from ful moon until it appears to have
12. manner
dide out. I have watched her practice, and she is doing
13. who's
well. She moves across the sky in just the right maner.
14. whose
15. tacks
My wie, who's
days are now busy, is much hÇ3ppier and '-
,
16. tax
all of you.
looks forward to meeting
17. hangar
18. hanger
~
19. died
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uo
his work tq. do, but
wife half
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suppose heh.:iH wanted t()hire someone he
know.,. How would he
have described
the job iIt a Help
of
didn't
Wanted ad?
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On a sepcirate sJieetof paper, write,
a job description for
Moon's
work. Use Spellng Words from the list.
Theme 2: What Really Happened? 107
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Vocabulary Skin
Name
Homophones
Match the Sounds
Match the correct definition to the boldface word. Then
coniplete the homophone pairs below.
I.We can see the moon move through its phases.
2. The hare hopped in the moonlit snow.
a. a group of wild
ani;mals
b. gave off light
3. In the past some people worshiped the moon.
-c. the time before
4. The. moon's light shone brightly.
the present
d. ocean
5. They heard a wolf call in the distance.
, e.. animal
6. Her hair was the color of night.
7. The raging wind passed through the trees.
, 8. The herd of deer bounded by in the woods.
9. The pàth went down to the sea.
10. Have you shown anyone that trail?
11. see
like a
rabbit
f.-moved
g: 'pointed out or
revealed
h. perceive thròugh
,the eyes
L strands that grow
on the head
12. hare
j. perceived
by t:e
ears
13. past
"14. shone
15. heard
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,108 ,Theme 2:
What Really Happened?
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Gramar Skin Action Verbs
Name
and Direct Objects
We Collect Shells
Action Verbs and Direct Objects An action verb tells what the subject
does. A direct object receives the action of the verb. To find the direct
object in a sentence, first find the verb. Then ask who or what receives
the action of the verb:
Jeff found a shell
on the beach. The action verb is found. Jefffound
direct object.
what on the beach? He found a shelL. Shell is the
, '
The following sentence has a compound direct object,
"
Karen wore her jacket and sca'rf to the beach. The action verb is
wore.
Karen wore what to
the beach? She wore her jacket and her scarf
jacket and scarf.
The compound direct object is
in each sentence below.
Find the action verb and the direct object
Circle the verb and underline the direct object.
I. The older girls, collect shells on the beach.
2. Grandfather builds a blazing fire.
3. Earlier, litte Ana
and.
Michael chased a flock of
sandpiperS.
4. Grandmother tells stories in the moonlight.
,5,. Father wraps Anna and Michael in a blanket.
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Theme 2 :
What Really
Haiipened? 109
. The
Girl
Who Married the
Moon
Grammar Skin Main Verbs
and Auxiliaries
Name
Auxilary Verbs Wil Help Us.
Main Verbs and Auxilaries A v.erb phrase is made ùp of a main verb
usually shows action. The auxliary
and an auxliary. The main verb
works with the main verb.
Common Auxilary Verbs
must
has
do
were
wil
had
does
be
am
is
are
was
being
did
been
have
can
may
shall
might
would
should,
could
What'is the main verb in each sentence below? Is there an auxilary
verb? FiU in the chart below the sentences. If there is no auxilary
verb write none.
us fascinating stories.
2. She has told two stories abouther life.
I .. Peggy wil tell
Margaret
3. Joan and
that story?
4. Shoul~Peggy repeat
'5. Peggy
is
a
have laùghedharder than ~ver before.
'Ó
great storyeller!
~
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~~
MaiuVerb.
Auxary Verb
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11 0 Theme?: What Really Happened?
,
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Gramar Skill
Name
Compound Direct Objects
Look at the Moon
andStars
Sentence Combining with Compound Direct Objects A good writer
avoids writing too many short sentences, which can sound choppy_ You
can combine two sentences that have the same verb and different direct
objects to make one sentence With a compound direct object.
Nora has binoculars. She has a telescope too.
Nora has binoculars and a telescope.
Here is the draft of an essay
Nora is writing. Revise the draft by
changing short, choppy sentences into sentenc.es, with compound
direc.t objects. Write your version below;. '
Ancient people told stories about the moon. They told stories
abo:ut the stars too, Today we have seen people on the moon. We
robots on Mars. Giant telescopes in ,the sky take ¡pictures of
'Saturn. The, telescopes take pictures of other planets too. Every night,
I look at the moon through a telescope. I look at stars and planets too.
Someday, I'll study Mars át an observatory. I'll also study Venus.' I'll
astronaut. I'm shooting for the stars!,
have
seen
be a scientist. I'll be an
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~ Theme 2:
What Really
Happened? 111
The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Writig Skil Journal Entry.
Name
'Writing a J ournalEntry
A journal is a notebook, diary, folder, or file in which you can record and
save notes, lists, questions, ideas, thoughts, and feelings. For example,
imagine that one of the two cousins in The Girl Who Married the Moon
keeps
a journaL She might write an entr to express her feelings about
, . ,
the Moon, to describe what happened
when she received her chin tattoo, '.-..
or to tell about such activities as weaving a basket frõm spruce roots or \
; taking a sweat bath., ' "'1,1
On the lines below, write your own journal
entry for one day's events. I/~!flrif~
Follow these guidelines: ' . . Ii ....t.., ;6
.. Write the date at the beginning. You may also want to n()te ,~ ..,)
the location.
'.. Write in the first person, using the pronouns I, me, my, mine,
we, and our.
.. Describe the day's events or experiences.
.. Include personal
thoughts, feeli,ngs, reactions, questions, and ideas.
,
words when you narrate events.
'.. Use sequence
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When you finish yourjournaleiitry, you may want to share it with a
friend or a classmate.
112 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
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The Girl Who Married the
Moon
Writig Skill Improving
Name
Your Writing
Using Exact Verbs
Good writers use exact verbs to bring their experiences to life. For
example, exact verbs like glow or sparkle describe actions more precisely
such as shine. When you write a journal entr,
you can use exact verbs to create a more vivid picture of what happened.
than does'a common verb
by the cousin who became the
Suppose this journal, entry was written
Moon's wife in The Girl Who Married the Moon. Read it and then
rewrite it on the lines below, replacing the general verbs that have
been underlined with more exact verbs from the list.
-
May 25, Moon's House
looked
Today I felt incredibly bored, so I
into
Moon's storeroom
and then went inside. What a surprise! Moon's storeroomis,filled
with sparkling pieces of light. i found all the moon phases
except
for
the full moon. Now I know where my husband hides his phases.
The phases shined so temptingly! i took a piece or moon from
shelf and put it on myown face. NoW the piece will not come 'off.
becomes angry1
a
What if Moon
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conceals
placed
sneaked
plucked
Verbs
peeke~
glittered
discovered
crammed
Theme 2: What ReallyHappened? 113
Dinosaur Ghosts
Key Vocàbulary
Name
Categorizing Vocabulary
category;
Write each word from the box under the correct
two ikinds of scientists
a word for proof or support
.
...
.
..
ó
two kids of artfacts
two names for beliefs based
on facts and observations
two ways soil can be
removed
.
..
..
.
Vocabulary
,. _ ::' ". ~"¿¡~
theory
erosion
paleontologist
extinct
specimens
geologists
a word for a vanished
species of animals or plants
.
.
.
.
..
.
..
.
..
.
fossils
hypotheses
evidence
excavation-
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114 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
Dinosaur Ghosts
Graphic Organzer Text
Organization Chart
Name
Text Organization Chart
Organzation:
Main Ideas and Details
A Big Find of Small Dinosaurs
What did Dr. Ned Colbert fid in 1947 at Ghost Ranch,
New Mexico?
What question did Dr. Colbert's discovery make scientists ask
themselves?
What Happened Here?
List.two details about the dinosaur.
Organzation: Hypothesis and
bones scientists found.
Evidence
Stuck in the Mud? Hypothesis 1:
Support For or Against
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~ Volcanic Violence? Hypothesis 2: '
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Theme 2: What Really
Happened? 115
-~-~-~---~------
Dinosaur Ghosts
''is 't7 ,,;.~_,.:;,¿,; ~ 0':,~)("~:~,,.':'0;:?:¡~"',"1! ~;x~ '- "':,,:.~-' _,:: ,,,:-1; ". ",.~ ,~;_,,,':':"~t~&~-~~,h"n",~~,,~j; :: 3.y~"':'~../~¡¡Y'¿~
Comprehension Check
Name
What Happened to
Coelophysis?
Scientists decided that the hypotheses below were not the best
, explanatio~s for Coelophysis's death. List the evidence, against each
one. Then answer the questions below.
yp~thesis Notes: Why CoeLophysis might have died
ypothesis 1: 5tiick in miid
vidence Against:
ypothesis 2: VoLccuüc eruption
. vidence Against:
ypothesis 3: Asteroid faLLolit caiised starvation'
vidence Against:'
What two new hypotheses did scientists decide best explain
. Coe/opbysîs's death? and
,
How might these two hypotheses have worked together? Give evidence
',', to sùpport your explanation.
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li6 Theme
2: ,What Really Happened? .
Dinosaur Ghosts
Comprehension Skill Text
,Organization
Name
Taking Text Apart
Read the article. Then answer the questions on page i 18. '
Trapped in Amber
auction. This lump of
A clear golden lump sells for $27,000 at an
What
amber, as the material is called, started out as sap from a tree.
makes it so valuable now? Look closely' - inside the 'amber is a small
thirty-million-year-old lizard.
What Is Amber?
Amber is hardened sap from ancIenttrees. Over milions of years
"the sap has chatiged into a rock-hard materiaL. Because it is beautiful and
lasts many years, amber is often used in jewelry. Some amber pieces give
scientists a rare opportunity to study prehistoric inclusions such as leaves,
insects, and reptiles preserved in the once~sticky sap.
How Does Amber Form?
Picture" this process. Long ago (perhaps as long ago as the age of
dinosaurs), sap oozes from a tree. It hardens on the tree trnk and is '
covered by more sap. Afer many yeats, the tree dies and decays. It is
swept into a stream and eventually ends up under the sea or beneath,
layers of rock. If the sap had been left out in the air, it would have
rotted. Because the sapi's not exposed.tO oxygen, however, its molecules
change, forming stronger and stronger bonds. Eventually, all its oils
a beautiful golden br?wn. It
evaporate, and it becomeshardand shiny,
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becomes amber.
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Amber?
How Is Something' Trapped in
It is possible today to see plants,
insects, and even small reptiles
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from long ago preserved in amber. How did they get there? Here)s one
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way this might have happened: aii unlucky insect lands on a tree trnk
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that is sticky with sap. It gets stuck. More sap flows down Jhe tree,
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entirely covering the bug. Over the centuries l:e sap slowly turns to
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dries outbut otherwse
stays perfectly
preserved.
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Theme 2:
What Really Happened~ 117
Dinosaur
Ghosts
Comprehension Skin Text
Organization
Name
Taking Text Apart
Answer these questions about the passage
I. How many
continued'
on page I 17.
sections does the article have? (Don't count the
introductory paragraph.)
2. What
feature of the text helps you identify the different sections?
3. Reread the section under the heading What Is Amber? Is it organized
by main idea and details, or by sequence of events?
4. Reread the section under the headüig How Does
Amber Form? Is this'
'section organized bymàin idea and details, or'by sequence?
5. What sequence words or phrases can you find in the second section?
Write them here.
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118 Theme2:WhàlReally Happened?
Dinosaur Ghosts
Strctural Analysis Adjective
Suffixes -ai, -ive, -OUS
Name
Sorti~gOut Suffixes
Read this field diary page. Underline each word with the suffx -aI,
-ive, or -ous.
to figure out why so mariy diriosaurs died here. The area is orie
massive burial grourid. There are so mariy skeletoris. it looks
almost
comical. as though thediriosaurs were gatheririg to
watch a famous celebrity wheri they died. We kriow that this
ariimal was carriivòrous be"cause of the boriesof otherariimals
iri the skeletoris' beLLies. Our theories maybe experimerital.but
orily ¿f we are creative arid iriveritive cari we
solve the mystery.
work.
Now write the words you under,lined. Use the paragraph above to
meaning of each word.
help, you find the
Theme 2: What Really Happened? 119
Dinosaur Ghosts
Spellng Final/er/, len/,
and lell
Name
\ \
final I ar/, I anI, and I all
The schwa sound, shown as l'dl, is a weak vowel sound often
, found in an unstressed syllable. Remember the following
spellng patterns for the l'dl sound:
or messenger, director, similar
final lar I er, or,
, final Inl or lanl on, en
final III or lall Ie, el, 01
weapon, frighten
, '
struggle, channel, mental
~ The spellng of the final l'dr/ sound in acre differs from the
usual patterns. The final hrl sound in acre is spelled reo
Write each Spellng Word under its final sound.
I. struggle
2. director
3. weapon
4. similar
5. mental
6. frighten
7. channel
8. messenger
9. familar
Final hrlSound
Final In! or hn! Sound
10. acre*
1 I. error
12. gallon
13. rural
,i 4. calendar
I 5. elevator
Final II or I~V Sound
16. stumble
I 7. youngster
18. kitchen
I 9. passenger
20. ,quarrel
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120 Theme
2:
What Really
Happened?
Dinosaur Ghosts
Spelling Final larl, lanl,
and lal/
Name
Spelling Spree
Match Game Match each word beginning below to an ending
to form a Spellng Word. Then write each word correctly.
I. struggle
2. director
3. weapon
4. similar
5. mental
6. frighten
7. channel
8. messenger
9. familiar
10. acre*
i I. error
12. gallon
13. rural
I 4. calendar
1 5. elevator
16. stumble
I 7. youngster
Syllable Spot Write the Spellng Word that includes one of
the syllables in each word below.
Example: format matter
18. kitchen
1 9. passenger
20. quarrel
9. frightflly
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13. tunnel
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14. calculate
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 121
Dinosaur Ghosts
Spellng Final larl, lanl,
and lal!
Name
Proofreading and Writing
Proofreading Circle the five misspelled Spellng Words in this
journal entry. Then write each word correctly.
I. struggle
2. director
3. weapon
July 25
4. similar
Mter weeks in this rure1 area searching for dinosaur
5. mental
skeletons, 1 have finally had some success. Today, I found
6. frighten
several skeletons similar to Coelophysis. However, unless I
7. channel
8. messenger
made an errer in my measurements, these are larger and
9. familiar
have a sturdier bone structure. The smallest, probably a
10. acre*
yongster, is the most curious. It seems to have died in
I I. error
12. gallon'
some sort of strgle. The rest of the skeletons are spread
13. rural
over an acre of land, and I have. not had time to analyze
1 4. calendar
them in detaiL. It looks like my work is cut out for me.
I 5. elevator
16. stumble
I 7. youngster
18. kitchen
i.
4.
I 9. passenger
5.
20. quarrel
2.
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3.
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iM '.. Write an Explanation What do you thnk about the answer put
forward in the selection for why so many dinosaur skeletons have been
found at Ghost Ranch? Do you think the conclusions match the
evidence? What aboutthe possibilty of new evidence suggesting another
explanation?
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On a separate piece of paper., write a short description of how you
think the dinosaur skeletons wound up at Ghost Ranch. Use Spellng
Words from the list.
122 Theme 2:
What Really Happened?
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Dinosaur Ghosts,
Vocabulary Skin Dictionary:
Spelling Table/Pronunciation
Name
Key
Discovering the Key
Use the spellng table/ pronunciation' key below to figure out
how to pronounce each underlined vowel sound. Find a
word in the vocabulary box with a similar vowel sound, and
write that word after the sentence.
.
...
.
.
..
'Voca'6u tar,¥
Spellngs
Sample Words
blow
0, ai, ei, ey
made, plait, vein, they
late
e, ee, ie, y
these, fleet, chief, bumpy
nut
0, oe, OU, ow
fold, toe, boulder, slow
reel
0, U, OU, 00
stomach, cut, rough, flood
..
..
.
.
.1'. Shoulder bones were found among the fossils.
sail
.
.
..
.
..
.
..
.
.
..
.
..
..
..
..
.
...
eo. ·
ton
..................... .0
2. The scientists found dozens of skeletons of the litte
dinosaur.
3. Each specimen was carefully w,ghed and recorded.
4. The dinosaurs hunted for prey along rivers and lakes.
5. Red blood cells were made in the marrow cavity.
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3: 6. These dinosaurs had no armor to shield themselves from
~
l predators.
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 123
Dinosaur Ghosts
Grammar Skin Transitive
and Intransitive Verbs
Name
Dinosaurs Eat
...
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs A transitive verb is an action verb ,:Ù~~~'-
with a dl objec, which receives the action. An intrsitive verb ,~""~ ': ':;
has no direct obJect. See the examples below. \: . ~;ì
"
Verb
Transitive
Intransitive
read
sit
I read the book.
I read quickly.
(none)
They sit on the bus.
visit
He visits the ranch.
He visits
Underline the verb or verb phrase in each
often.
sentence below.
Then write transitive or intransitve after the sentence.
I . Maurice saw a movie about dinosaurs.
2. I researched prehistoric times.
, 3. My friend went to the La Brea Tar Pits.
4. Some dinosaurs ate meat.
5. We wil see dinosaur bones at the museum.
6. Dinosaurs lived during the Mesozoic era.
7. Some dinosaurs hunted other animals.
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124 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
Dinosaur Ghosts
Gramar Skill Being Verbs
and Linking Verbs
Name
Dinosaurs Are Extinct'
,Being Verbs and Linking Verbs A being verb shows a state of being,
not action. A being verb is called a lig verb when it links the subject
noun identifies
to a predicate noun or a predicate adjective. A predicate
or renames the subject. A predicate adjective describes the subject. '
Common Being and Linking Verbs
am was be become feel
is were being look taste
are seem been appear smell
sentence below. After each
Underline the linking verb in each
sentence, write whether the verb links to a predicate nOun or
predicate adjective.
Example: Some dinosaurs
were giants.
predicate noun
I. The paleontologist seems excited by that stone.
2. That stone is a fossil of a dinosaur.
3. The work of a páleontologist looks interesting to me.
4. Fossils of ferns are common here.
5. A paleontologist is a scientist.
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 125
Dinosaur Ghosts
Forms
Grammar Skill Using
of the Verb be
Name
Dinosaurs Was/Were
. . .
Using Forms of the Verb be A good writer uses the correct form of the
the
verbs. Study
verh be, especially when wrting sentences with linking
present and past tense forms of the verb be in the chart below.
,
Present Tense
lwos
Singular I am '
'You are
You
She/he/it is
'were
She/he/it was
Plural ,We are
We
were
You were
You arø
They
Tense
Past
are
They
were
,
a
the beginning of a report written by a student who found
Below is
fossiL. Write thecorrect form of the verb be above
any incorrect
verbs.
was
Example: I were'tired.
,.
My brother and 1 is interested in din.0saurs. Yester~ay,
we was at the creek Looking for fossils. My brother sh~UJed
,me a good pLaCe to Look. Itwere apLace, with a Lot of sLate.
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r didn'tthLn,k we'd find anything beçause fossils is hard
. ".'
to find. ,1 are happy toteltyoutha,t 1 w~s wrof!g~ , 1
afossdLmpressionQfa Ü(lysnàd in a piece of sLate. '
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126 Theme 2: What
Really
Happened?
Dinosaur Ghosts
Writing Skin Business
Letter'
Name
Writing a Business Letter
When Ned Colbert in Dinosaur Ghosts began to study Coelophysis
skeletons in 1947, he probably wrote business letters to ask
paleontologists at other museums and universities around the United
, States for help... You write a business letter to request or persuade
someone to do somethng, to apply for a job" to order a product from ads
or catalogs, to ask for information, to complain about a product or
servce, or to express an opinion to a newspaper, radio, or TV station.
you
Use this page to pla~ and organize a business letter in which
write to either á company or a government agencyreq,uesting
information. Follow these steps:
heading (your own address and the date) in the upper right
I. Write a
corner.
2. Writethe inside address (the address of tle person or business you
are writing to) at the left margin.
3. Write a greetig (Dear Sir or Madam: or Dear (business name):) at the,
left margin below the inside
address.
below the gre'eting. Be brief and
the necessary details. If you state an
opinion, support it with details. Make sure to use a formal and
polite tone.
4. Write the body of yòur letter
direct, but present áll of
5. Write a formal closing such as Sincerely, Cordially, or ÌÓurs truly in
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. the lower right corner.
6. Sign your full name under the closing. Then print or tye your
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below your signature.
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When you finish your business letter, copy
it onto a clean sheet of
paper. Then share it with, a classmate.
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 127
Dinosaur. Ghosts
Writing Skill Improving
,Your Writing
Name
Using the Right Tone
The attitude that a writer has toward a subject is called the tone~ A writer's
choice of words and details conveys his or her tone. 'Yen you write a
business letter, you want to create a good impression by using the fight
tone. Here are .sometips tò föllow:, Use polite language. Use a mote
form;il tone than you would use in a friendly letter. Use COfrect grammar,
paragraphs. Avoid the use of slang.,
complete sentences, and well-formed
Do not include personal information.
Read the following business
letter from a college student to Ned
language and details
,Colbert. Fil in the chart below with examples of
that are not businesslike.
, .
Wow! I seen the cool photographs your project
do not
interested
have anyhig better to do, so I am
Mexico'this sumer tò help
in Life ma.gazire;
in comig to New
with the Coelophysis excavation at Ghost "
'Ranch., Would you tell me how to j~in your field .crew?
I am fascinated by the Ghost Ránch skeletons. Since I, wi be stu~ng
historY and geology next semester, this job would give me some excellent
Ribs Pa.lace
firsthand knowledge. I am a hard worker., Ask anyone at the
on Route i 20 where I used to work. Keep
in touch.,
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128 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
What Really Happened?
Takg Tests
Name
Filling in the Blank
Use the test-taking strategies and tips you have learned to help you answer this
tye of multiple-choice question. This practice wil help you when you take
this kind of test.
Read each item. Fil in the circle in the answer row for the answer that
best completes the sentence.
1 It is a fact that the first place Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan took off
from on
June 1, 1937, was-
A Karachi, India. C Miami, Florida.
B SanJuan, Puerto Rico. D Lae, New Guinea.
2 Many people believe that taki,ng the telegraph key and antenna would not
have helped Amelia and Fred becauseF they would be too far away for the communcations to be heard.
G neither one of them knew Morse code.
H they did not know how to connect the equipment.
the ground who could understand their signals.
J there was no one on
3 Newspaper reporters shared the opinion that Amelia's fans were ~
about her trip.
A anxous to read
B concerned about Amelia taking the survval equipment off the plane.
C tired of hearing about long-distance flights.
D afraid that it was too dangerous for Amelia and Fred to fly in bad
weather.
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It is documented that in one month of flying Amelia and Fred had gone F 7,000 miles (11,300 km). H 29,000 miles (46,700 km).
G 200 miles (320 km). J 22,000 miles (35,400 km).
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Theme 2: What Really Happened? 129
What Really Happened?:
Theme 2 Wrap-Up
Spellng Review
Name
Spelling Review
Write Spellng Words from the list to answer the q,uestions.
1-24. Which twenty-four words contain the /ûr/, /ôr/, /är!, or
/îr/ sounds, or have the final/dr!, /dnJ, or /d1l sounds?
I. channel
2. familar
3. hanger
i.
13.
2.
14.
3.
15.
6. calendar
4.
16.
7. rehearse
5.
17.
6.
18.
10. whose
7.
19.
II. hangar
8.
20.
9.
2 i.
10.
22.
I i.
23.
12.
24.
4. who's
5. chart
8. starch
9. purse
12. curb
13. mourn
1 4. director
1 5. frighten
16. manor
17. thorn
18. vain
25-30. Which six one-syllable words are homophones?
I 9. messenger
20. pierce
25.
28.
2 I . struggle
26.
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24. manner
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29. gallon
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Theme 2: What Really.Happened? 131
What Really Happened?:
Theme 2 Wrap-Up
Spellng Review
Name
Spelling Spree
Syllable Scramble Rearrange the syllables in each item to
write a Spellng Word. There is one extra syllable in each
item.
I. familiar
Example: er for sid con consider
2. calendar
3. mourn
I. sen ger mes ize
4. frighten
2. en cal men dar
5. gallon
6. rehearse
3. ger iar mil fa
7. starch
4. hearse in re
8. purse
5. rec na tor di
9. director
Word Maze Begin at the arrow and follow the Word Maze
to find ten Spellng Words. Write the words in
the order you find them.
Start -+ro ss tar ch qp ur s eyu vaini t~
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o
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10. vain
I I. messenger
12. scent
13. curb
14. vein
15. manner
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9.
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10.
15.
132 Theme 2: What Really Happened?
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What Really Happened?:
Theme 2 Wrap-Up
Spellig Review
Name
Proofreading and Writing ,
, ,
six misspelled Spellng Words in this
Proofreading Circle the
detective's journòl. Then write each word correctly.
The case of
I. channel
2. hanger
Mrs. VanCash's jeweLs has put me irdo a whurL.
'"t (¿rst I didn't know how to chaurt a course. It's been a reaL
3. who's
struggeL for me., ßherLoc'k Mc GiLlicuddy, to fi~d the ù;'th. The
4. chart
5. whose
6. hangar
.. i
mystery was truLy a thorne in'TY sidel When the maid s~ore
the jeweLs were
hers, I wondered, whos they reaLLy were. Then I
7. thorn
8. pierce
,soLved the mysteryl The maiCl was teLLing the truth. Her jeweLs
9. struggle
but hers were fakes.
were simaLar to the stoLen ones,
10. sword
II. similar
i.
4.
2.
5.'
13. whirl
3.
6.
14. manor
12. sent
15. rural
the Facts Write the Spellng Words that best
Reporting
complete this, television news report.
has been found in a
An ancient, long-bladed 7.
area outside town. The weapon was found in an old
8.
. A worker picked it up, thinking it was a coat
airplane 9.
l
Experts believe this may be the blade used centuries
10.
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ago to I I. a stone near the 12.
of Sir Percy. The
'blade will' be 13.
to a lab for testing.
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,¡going to claim this treasure?
Stay tuned to this 15.
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ii_,_ Write a Plot Outlne On a separate .sheetof paper, write a plot
'outline for a story, about an unsolved mystery.
8
Theme 2 :
What Really H.appened? 13 3