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TOPIC 9
MANAGEMENT FROM ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
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DEFINITION
• Management from the Islamic Perspective is defined
as the ability to utilize resources both material and
human, optimally in order to achieve goals, be it short
term goals or long term goals
• Islamic ways has been practiced since the era of our
Prophet Muhammad s.a.w based on holy Al-Quran
and the As-Sunnah
• Our Prophet Muhammad s.a.w. had created a strong
Muslim society with characteristics such as
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Team spirit – teamwork
A strong and clear vision and mission
Values for loving and caring
Emphasis for trust and relationship, cooperation and
teamwork
– The practice of consensus decision making
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MANAGEMENT FROM ISLAMIC
PERSPECTIVE
• The ultimate goal of our life should be harmoniously
linked with the worldly aims. Human as “Khalifah”
must be able to balance their short term and long
term goals such as serving Allah, worshipping Him
and seeking His worthy pleasure and rewards
• The moral/religious value of work should be
integrated in the work or activities we do.
– Working is not merely a means for material gains, but also a
moral obligation and a a measure of pleasing Allah and
getting near to Him
• Time is to be well invested, not to be wasted. Time is
commodity (product) , therefore use time efficiently
by being punctual, be diligent
• We should uphold and internalize the Islamic ethical
values i.e. truthfulness, honesty, dedication, selfdiscipline and fear of Allah
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• Self criticism should be exercised and should be
practiced by all at all levels
• There shall be no favoritism and discrimination- be
fair to all
• Human nature and need should be both considered
simultaneously. Both psychological and economical
contracts of a person must be met
– i.e. working hours is reasonable and fair
• Employee must be paid sufficiently promptly
• There should be conducive rewards for exceptional
achievement and adequate measures to detect and
prevent violation
• Lastly and the most important is the concept of alShura = consultation based on mutual discussion and
inculcating cooperation among members of
organization
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CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ISLAMIC LEADER
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Has loyalty to Allah
Has global perceived goals of
organization, not only in terms of
individual or group interest but also
from a wider Islamic perspective
He adheres to Syariah and the Islamic
manner of doing things
He delegates trust
•
•
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Principles in Islamic Management
•
Syura ( Mutual Consultation)
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Emphasizes on Importance of managing through learn
work. Enable members of an organization to participate in
decision making process. Allow members to express
opinions and grievances freely
The importance of managing through teamwork
Freedom of Expression
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•
Criticism is welcome and two way communication is
practiced
A leader should strive to create an atmosphere of free
thinking, healthy exchange of ideas, criticism and advice so
that the followers feel very comfortable in discussing any
matters
Masrui’ah
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Is the concept pf legally whereby the management has to
ensure that any action taken must comply with legal
boundary of the man-made law and syariah law.
Legally of actions within the common laws and syariah law
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• Qualification
– selection of employee/ management personnel
based on expertise, ability, experience and other
suitable criteria that require by the job.
– 2 elements : quwwah (strength) and Amanah
(trustworthy)
• Reward
– employee who perform well must be rewarded
• Justice
– The leader should deal with people justly and fairly
regardless of race, color, national origin or religion
– The Al-Quran commands Muslims to be fair even
when dealing with people oppose them
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FUNCTIONS IN ISLAMIC MANAGEMENT
• Islamic Management practices the
following elements:
– Planning / Objectives / Goals
– Organizing
– Leadership (Motivation)
– Controlling (Execution)
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•
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Planning (Setting Objectives)
– Planning is needed to manage, especially in fast moving and
complex environment to ensure success
– The planning process of setting objectives is also practices. Human
according to Islam created by Allah SWT to be the “Khalifah” on the
earth. This means that our life and activities must be focused to
fulfill two purpose. They are:
• Long term goal is to be the worthy servant of Allah, avoiding sins and
preparing ourselves to be rewarded in paradise by performing good
deeds and obeying the teachings demanded by Al-Quran and AsSunnah
• Short term goal is productivity may it be in the form of services or
product, financial profit or improvement in performance
• Muslim are taught to balance both these objectives.
– In Conventional Management,
• The long term and short term goal based on the range of time to
achieved it and the goals is more towards productivity
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• Organizing
– Structure of projects as well as the structure of
roles to be undertaken by human efforts.
– In Islam, organizing comprises the structuring of
resources (i.e. human), authority, power and the
practice of delegation as well as decentralization
and centralization
– The practice of organizing can be seen in the
incident of Hijrah led by our Prophet Muhammad
SAW. If carefully planning and organizing had not
been done Prophet Muhammad SAW would have
been murdered or captured and the course of
history would not have been the same
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• Leadership (Motivation)
– Leadership refers to the process of moving
people in planned direction by motivating
them
– Good leadership moves people in a
direction that is in their long term best
interest
– Islam says that the leader should serve
and help other (followers) get ahead
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• Controlling (Execution)
– Application of the procedures prescribes
and organized according to plan
– In simple terms this means carrying out the
plans and assuring that the results will
conform to the actual plans
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Summary
• Islamic Management is the right way of
managing people and organization
• The basis for Islamic Management is
the Al-Quran and the As-Sunnah
• Practicing the principles of Islamic
Management enable leaders and
managers to achieve unity among the
followers/members of the organization
quickly this enhances quality
performance
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