Download Programme title: Awesome Forces video conference

Programme title: Awesome Forces video conference
Years: 3–8
Theme
The Earth is not static, but a very dynamic
system. Changes can occur very slowly or
extremely fast.
Big questions
Key competencies
How do earthquakes and volcanoes occur?
Why and how is Aotearoa New Zealand
affected by earthquakes and volcanoes?
Thinking: Students seek information about
earthquakes and volcanoes and consider why
Aotearoa New Zealand is affected by these
powerful forces of nature.
Where have earthquakes and volcanoes
occurred in New Zealand?
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
1 of 14
English-medium curriculum
Māori-medium curriculum
Science
Pūtaiao
Planet Earth and Beyond – Interacting systems
Te Ao Tūroa – Papatūānuku
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L1 and L2: Describe how natural features are changed and
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resources affected by natural events and human actions.
Planet Earth and Beyond – Earth systems
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te āhua o te takiwā, me ngā pānga ki te maunga, ki te awa hoki.
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ai te ora i reira.
rocks and soil, and life forms make up our planet and recognise that
Nature of Science – Communicating in science
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L1 and L2: Build their language and develop their understandings of
Tikanga ā-Iwi
Te Wāhi me te Taiao
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the many ways the natural world can be represented.
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L3 and L4: Begin to use a range of scientific symbols, conventions,
Te Ao Hurihuri
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T1.1: Ka whakamārama i ngā āhuatanga tūturu me ngā āhuatanga
ahurea o tētahi wāhi..
and vocabulary.
Social Sciences
T4(i): Ka mārama haere ki ngā āhuatanga nui o te mata o
Papatūānuku, arā, te wai, te toka, te one, me ngā āhuatanga e taea
L3 and L4: Appreciate/develop an understanding that water, air,
these are also Earth’s resources.
T1–T2: Ka ako haere me pēhea te rū whenua me te puia e huri ai i
T4.1: Ka tautohu i ngā pūtake me ngā otinga o ngā tūāhua kua
waihanga i te oranga o te tangata.
L1: Understand how places in New Zealand are significant for
individuals and groups.
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L2: Understand how places influence people and people influence
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
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places.
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L3: Understand how people view and use places differently.
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L4: Understand that events have causes and effects.
Learning intentions
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Describe the reasons we have earthquakes and volcanoes.
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Explain that some Earth processes happen very slowly (eg, plate tectonics) while others are very quick (eg, earthquakes and volcanoes).
Programme description
In this video conference, students explore the inner workings of our planet. They uncover the layers of the Earth and learn about the forces at
work in its interior. Students piece together the puzzle of plate tectonics as they discover the causes of earthquakes and volcanoes.
This programme also examines liquefaction in Christchurch and the story of the famed Pink and White Terraces of Lake Rotomahana.
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
3 of 14
Possible pre-visit activities
Mind map
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As a class, mind map natural events that have occurred in New Zealand. You may have seen them in the news or heard about them from your
family. (Teachers: If necessary, narrow the focus to events that are seen as disasters.)
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Sort your ideas into weather-related events, events caused by people, and events that seem to be caused by something going on inside the
Earth.
Big questions
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Share some ‘big questions’ that you have about the Earth’s inner workings, earthquakes, volcanoes, or tsunamis. Display these in your
classroom, and use them to guide your inquiries.
Shaky planet
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In groups, research the ‘vital statistics’ of earthquakes and volcanoes that have occurred globally since you were born, eg, the Indian Ocean
tsunami, the Chilean earthquake and eruption, the Icelandic eruption, the Haitian earthquake, the Japanese earthquake and tsunami, the
Christchurch earthquake. These statistics could include where the event was located, what it measured on the Richter scale, what countries it
affected, what damage it caused, etc.
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Turn your findings into brief fact cards and mark them on a world map in the classroom.
Teachers: You can use the map and data to:
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elicit the idea that these events happen globally, not just in New Zealand
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introduce the fact that the location of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions can tell scientists where plate boundaries are located
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
4 of 14
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introduce the focus of the Te Papa education programme – understanding why these events happen.
New Zealand volcanoes
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Find out how many volcanoes New Zealand has and where they are.
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On a map of New Zealand, mark 5 active volcanoes and 5 extinct volcanoes.
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On a map of the world, mark 10 volcanoes outside New Zealand that have erupted in the last 25 years.
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Monitor New Zealand’s active volcanoes online with GNS Science’s volcano cameras. bit.ly/PsGsNK
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
5 of 14
Possible post-visit activities
Earthquake watch
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Choose two or three countries that experience earthquakes, and monitor their earthquakes over a week or month. Compare their frequency
with that of earthquakes in New Zealand. Record the locations and magnitudes on a world map. As an extension for numeracy, graph the
results. Use your findings to decide which parts of the world experience the most earthquakes.
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Find out about the latest earthquakes in the world on the website of the United States Geological Survey (USGS).
earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww
For students working at Level 4 of the curriculum
Build a seismograph
Design an instrument that measure vibrations in the ground. Here are two examples to help you – or you can design your own.
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Basic seismograph – pbskids.org/zoom/activities/sci/seismometer.html
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More technical seismograph – tryengineering.org/lessons/seismograph.pdf
3-D Earth
Create your own 3-D model of the Earth’s structure. Search for the following YouTube videos, which show one way to make a 3-D model.
youtube.com
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‘Ben Holt – Mrs Kepner cutting ball for Model of Interior of Earth Project Part 1’
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‘Ben Holt – Mrs Kepner & Model Earth Project Part 2’
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
6 of 14
Research
Investigate natural forces at work around the planet. The BBC science website is an excellent starting point for images, information, and film clips
on the Earth’s surface and interior, as well as historical tectonic and volcanic events. Explore in particular the ‘Surface & interior’ topic.
bbc.co.uk/science/earth
Build an erupting volcano
You can use many different chemical reactions to create an erupting volcano, depending how long you want the project to take.
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The most common method is to use vinegar, baking soda, and food colouring. Replace the vinegar with tomato sauce to make thicker ‘lava’.
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For a violent and messy eruption, drop a Mentos lolly into a bottle of cola.
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For a more gentle eruption (made using a more advanced method), combine yeast, detergent, and hydrogen peroxide. bit.ly/N45qHh
You can make the volcano form in different ways too – the only limit is your imagination!
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The quickest and easiest way is to pile sand into a cone shape and create a hollow at the top.
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Use clay for a longer-lasting volcano. You can paint it once it dries.
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You can also use papier mâché to create your volcanic cone.
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
7 of 14
Supporting material
Online resources
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Te Papa tepapa.govt.nz/Education/OnlineResources
Access the Awesome Forces teacher resource on the Te Papa website for more information on this exhibition and activity ideas to use with
your students.
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Collections Online, Te Papa tepapa.govt.nz/collections
Search for ‘Earthquakes’ and ‘Volcanoes’ on Collections Online to see images of past earthquakes and volcanic eruptions in New Zealand
and overseas, and to learn about their impact.
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GNS Science gns.cri.nz/Home/Learning/Lesson-Plans and gns.cri.nz/Home/Learning/Science-Topics
The GNS Science website includes education resources on the Earth sciences and how to prepare for events such as earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions.
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What’s the Plan, Stan? whatstheplanstan.govt.nz
This website helps teachers and students understand what causes natural hazards and how to be prepared for when they happen.
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TKI tki.org.nz/Supporting-student-learning/Wellbeing-after-the-earthquakes
TKI contains useful resources for supporting students after an earthquake.
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National Geographic bit.ly/National-Geographic-Article
‘Active Earth’ is a National Geographic article on the Earth’s inner workings.
It also contains supporting activities. bit.ly/teachers-guide
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The British Geological Survey bit.ly/Britsh-Geological-Survey
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
8 of 14
Check out fact sheets, games, and resources on geology.
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This Dynamic Planet volcano.si.edu/tdpmap
Explore an interactive world map of volcanoes, earthquakes, impact craters, and plate tectonics.
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Discovery Kids Volcano Explorer bit.ly/PphHEi
Find out how a volcano works, and create your own ‘virtual volcano’ and watch it erupt.
Document ID: 633420
© Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa
Author: Scott Ogilvie
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