Download AHP Versus Iodine and Iodophors

Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide
Product
Description
Synergistic and patented
blend of Hydrogen Peroxide
and Anionic Surfactants. All
ingredients appear on the
EPA GRAS (Generally
Regarded As Safe) listing
and/or the EPA Preferred
Inerts Listing.
Mechanism of Action
Germicidal Efficacy
Iodine and Iodophors
Gaps in Activity
Spectrum
Health and
Safety Profile
The accelerated activity of AHP is the
outcome of a unique synergy between
Hydrogen Peroxide and a number of other
ingredients including surfactants and
sequestering agents. This synergy greatly
increases the kinetics of the action against
pathogenic organisms and reduces the time
required to render the solution cidal.
Gram Positive and Gram Negative Vegetative
Bacteria (0.5 % w/w ):
Pseudomonas aureginosa ATCC 15442
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538
Salmonella choleraesius ATCC 10708
Staphylococcus aureus MSRA
Enterococcus faecalis VRE ATCC 51575
Escherichia coli
Acinetobacter baumanii
Sanitizer 99.999% 5-log ( 30 seconds)
Broad-Spectrum approval,
Bacteria including MRSA, VRE
Even though the exact mechanism of action
for AHP is unknown it is believed that AHP
acts by:
1.
Disrupting the cellular
membrane permeability,
inhibiting the enzymatic
activities, and denaturing cellular
proteins.
2.
The reaction of the superoxide
ion with H2O2 forms hydroxyl
radical. The Hydroxyl radical,
being highly reactive attacks
membrane lipids, DNA and other
essential cell components.
3.
Sequestration of bivalent cations
resulting in subsequent
disruption of cellular structure
and functions.
4.
Alteration of the proton motive
force responsible for species
transport across the cellular
membrane.
Viruses -Enveloped and Non-Enveloped
(0.5 % w/w ) :
Polio Virus Sabin Strain Type I ATCCVR 192
Human immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
Human RhinovirusType 14
Human Rotavirus
Feline Calicivirus(Noravirus surrogate or
Norwalk-Like Viruses)
General Virucide Claim (5 minutes)
99.99% 4-log10 Reduction
(based on proven effectiveness against Polio Virus
Sabine Strain as selected surrogate by Health Canada):
Acute Oral Toxicology,
OECD 420, indicated LD50
> 2.0g/Kg (Nucro-Technics
Inc. , 1999)
Fungicidal (5 Minutes)
99.999% 5-log10 Reduction:
Fungi:
•
AHP (7 % w/w ) ATCC 9533
•
AHP-TB (0.5 % w/w ): ATCC 9533
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
High Level Disinfection:
VOC –Free ( free from
Volatile Organic
Compounds), studies on file
Ortech Inc., below
detection limits.
Mycobacteria:
•
AHP (7 % w/w ) ATCC 15755
•
AHP-TB (0.5 % w/ ): ATCC 15755
Mycobactarium terrae
Spores (7 % w/w ):
Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659
Clostridium sporogenes ATCC 7955
Reference: Centre for Research on
Environmental Microbiology, CREM, University
of Ottawa.
It is believed that oxidizing actives will not
allow for resistance development when
targeting organisms.
Although solutions of iodine
in alcohol and iodine in
potassium iodide (e.g.,
Lugols solution) have been
used for many years, these
formulations have now
largely been replaced by
solubilized preparation of
iodine known as iodophors,
most particularly solution of
iodine in
polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
Contact Time
Iodine is mainly active in its molecular form.
Molecular Iodine penetrates the cell wall of
microorganisms rapidly. After penetration into the
living cell Iodine inhibits and destroys the
microbial cell by:
1Oxidizing the S-H group of amino acid
cysteine and loss of its ability to make
disulfide bond, thereby disrupting protein
synthesis.
2Reaction with N-H functional group of
proteins and nucleotides. Disturbs Hydrogen
bond formation in proteins.
3Reaction with the phenolic group of tyrosine
amino acid. Causes steric hindrance and
prevent hydrogen bond formation.
4Iodine reacts by addition to unsaturated fatty
acids and olefinic double bonds, producing
changes in the physical properties of the
lipid membrane, and thereby decreasing its
fluidity.
Cleaning
Efficacy
Material
Compatibility*
0.5 % AHP
0.5 % AHP
0.5 % AHP
Non Irritant to Skin
according to OECD 404*
(Nucro-Technics Inc, 1999)
Biodegradable according to the
OECD 302 B (Inherent
Biodegradability Test)
Non Irritant to Eyes
according to OECD 405*
(Nucro-Technics Inc, 1999)
Not manufactured using APE
(Alkyl Phenyl Ethoxylates) or
NPE (Nonylphenol
Ethoxylates) which have been
worldwide classified as
"Endocrine Disrupting
Chemicals":
Canadian Environmental
Protection Act (CEPA) Priority Substance List PLS2
Excellent:
86.5% Cleaning Efficiency
according to the Canadian
General Standards Board,
Standard CAN/CGSB 2.11Method 20.3
Avoid prolonged
exposure to:
Copper, Brass,
Aluminum, Lead,
Chrome, Nickel and other
soft metals.
Medium
Corrosion of metals, e.g.
steel, copper, aluminum
and silver.
None
Disinfection: (5 minutes)
Broad Spectrum Bactericidal Approval
99.9999% 6-log10 Reduction:
No-Fragrance, No-Dyes
Mycobactericidal:
99.9999% 6-log10 Red.on Instruments
99.99% 4-log10 Red. on Surfaces
AHP: 20 minutes
AHP-TB: 5 min
0.5% AHP - TB
Sterilization:
Slightly irritating to Skin
according to OECD 404*
(Nucro-Technics Inc, 2002)
Sporicidal
99.9999% 6-log10 Reduction
Instruments: 6 hours
Surfaces: 30 minutes
Practically non-irritating to
Eyes according to OECD
405* (Nucro-Technics Inc,
2002)
Note:
These contact times have been established by microbial
testing as required by the Disinfectant Drug Guidelines 1999 Edition, Health Canada
Acute Oral Toxicology,
OECD 420, indicated LD50
> 2.0g/Kg (Nucro-Technics
Inc. , 2002)
Low Toxicity Profile to
Aquatic Species:
Rainbow Trout Toxicity 96h
LC50 = 1.77 ml/l
Daphnia Magna Toxicity 48h
EC50 = 0.37ml/l
*at in use dilutions
30-1000 ppm
(0.003-0.1%) free iodine
Not effective against:
Bio-film
Staining, irritancy, and
toxicity:
Not consistently sporicidal.
Spores
10-30 minutes
Against:
Vegetative bacteria
Fungi
Viruses
Mycobacteria
Algae
Protozoa
2000-5000 AvI2 gives only a 5.0 log reduction of spores
in 15-30 minutes.
The first generations of
iodine compounds are
extremely irritant and
staining. Iodophores exhibit
relatively lower toxicity,
skin irritation and staining.
However they are still
considered an eye and skin
irritant.
Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria
Viruses (Enveloped and non-enveloped)
Fungi
Mycobacteria
Efficacy reduced by organic
matter.
Some iodophor solutions
support growth of
Pseudomonas.
Poor residual activity
Reference:
Inhibition and destruction of the microbial cell,
W.B. Hugo
*Always check material compatibility with manufacturer before using.
P:/Technical Marketing/Competitive Chemistries/AHP vs Iodine & Iodophors
Environmental
Profile
Reference: Handbook of disinfectants and antiseptics,
Joseph M. Ascenzi
Iodine vapor is released
from iodophor solutions
above 43qC. The vapor is
very irritant, especially to
the eyes.
Iodophor solutions tend to
lose available iodine by
evaporation on storage for
long periods.
Trihalomethane formation
upon release to the sewage
system.
Trihalomethane byproducts are
formed when the released
iodine reacts with organic
matter in the water.
Trihalomethanes are known
carcinogens.
The EPA maximum
contaminant level for total
Trihalomethanes in drinking
water is 100Pg/L.
The Ontario Drinking Water
Standards maximum
acceptable concentration for
Trihalomethanes is 100 ug/L.
Repeated use of iodine on
surfaces causes staining of
the surface or the
instrument.
Staining of plastics,
equipment, and surfaces