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UNIT 6 REVIEW WORKSHEET
Complete the following blanks choosing answers from the following word bank (alphabetical).
(Answers may be used more than once. Not all words will necessarily be used):
Word bank: diploid, fertilization , gamete(s), haploid, meiosis, mitosis, somatic cell(s), zygote(s)
Two _ha_ ploid gametes unite during __ fertilization__ to form a __ di_ploid zygote. The zygote then
begins to divide by _ mitosis__ to form ____ identical___ (either: identical, different) ___ di__ploid
daughter cells which organize themselves to form an embryo which further develops into an offspring.
Since the cell making up a multicellular organism (somatic cells) are the product of __ mitosis__ from a
zygote, all the cells of the body (somatic cells) are _ di_ploid and __ identical__ (either: identical,
different)
Identify which of the following processes accomplishes the outcomes listed below:
(fertilization, meiosis I, meiosis II, mitosis, or none)
Divides diploid cells into haploid cells:
meiosis I
Divides haploid cells into haploid cells:
meiosis II
Divides haploid cells into diploid cells:
none
Divides diploid cells into diploid cells:
mitosis
Unites diploid cells into a single cell :
none
Unites haploid cells into a diploid cell:
fertilization
Unites diploid cells into a haploid cell:
none
Which process (fertilization, meiosis, mitosis, or none) forms each of the following:
sperm :
meiosis
longer roots
mitosis
zygote
fertilization
ova
meiosis
epithelial tissue
mitosis
Which process (fertilization, meiosis, mitosis, or none) occurs in each of the following? Is this
tissue/organ part of a flowering plant or multicellular animal? What is produced in this tissue/organ as a
result of this process?
Process:
Plant/Animal
Product
meristem :
mitosis
plant
somatic cells
epithelial tissue
mitosis
animal
somatic cells
pistil
meiosis
plant (flower)
ovules
connective tissue
mitosis
animal
somatic cells
testes
meiosis
animal
sperm
cambium
mitosis
plant
somatic cells
Classify each of the following as either: gamete, zygote, somatic cell
sperm :
gamete
muscle tissue
somatic cells
fertilized egg
zygote
ovules
gamete
epithelial tissue
somatic cells
root tissue
somatic cells
pollen :
gamete
ovum
gamete
Fill in the following table to describe whether each of the following is either present (+), absent (—),
forming, or disassembling during each of these stages:
Spindle
Chromatin
Mitosis
—
Meiosis I
—
Meiosis II
—
Metaphase
+
+
+
Telophase
disassembling
disassembling
disassembling
+
+
+
compacting to form
chromosomes
chromosomes uncoil
back to chromatin
compacting to form
chromosomes
chromosomes uncoil
back to chromatin
Interphase
compacting to form
chromosomes
chromosomes
uncoil back to
chromatin
+ (1)
+ (1)
+ (1)
Prophase
second forms (2)
second forms (2)
second forms (2)
Anaphase
+ (2)
+ (2)
+ (2)
+
+
+
Prophase
disassembles
disassembles
disassembles
Anaphase
—
—
—
Interphase (G1)
—
—
—
Interphase (G2)
+
+
+
Metaphase
+
+
+
Anaphase
—
—
—
Interphase (S)
—
—
—
Metaphase
—
—
—
Telophase
forming
forming
forming
Interphase (G1)
Interphase (G1)
Prophase
Telophase
Centriole
(include # per
cell)
Nuclear
envelope(s)
Sister
chromatids
Contractile
ring
Interphase (S)
Homologous
pairs
Prophase
+
+
—
Metaphase
+
+
—
Cells formed
after cytokinesis
+
—
—
Complete the following table to indicate in which cells homologous pairs and sister chromatids are present
(+) or absent (—).
Cells
Homologous pairs
Sister chromatids
Gametes
—
—
Zygotes
+
—
Daughter cells of mitosis
+
—
Daughter cells of meiosis I
—
+
Fill in the following table to respond to the question to describe each phase
Mitosis
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
sister chromatids
homologous pairs
sister chromatids
How chromosomes line up at metaphase?
single file
in pairs
single file
If original parent cell contains 36
chromosomes, how many chromosomes
would be found in each resulting
daughter cell after this division?
When DNA replicates?
36
18
(Note: 36 is # at start
of meiosis) 18
Interphase (S)
Interphase
no replication
What is separated in anaphase?
Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph using word from the alphabetical word bank provided:
Word Bank: cambium,. contains half the normal #, contains the normal #, diploid, divide by meiosis,
divide by mitosis, fertilization flower, fruit, haploid, leaf, meiosis, meristem, mitosis, ovary, ovum, ovules,,
pistil, plant embryo, pollen, root, sperm, stamen, testes, twice the normal #, undergo fertilization,
vegetable
A seed forms after ____pollen__________ and _____ ovules ______________ unite by the process of
_____ fertilization______ to form a cell that is __ di_ ploid and _ contains the___ normal number of
chromosomes of the adult plant. This cell must then ___ divide by mitosis__ to form the plant embryo and
the rest of the seed. As the seeds start to form, the base of the pistil begins to enlarges to eventually form a
fruit_______.
Fill in the blanks in the following paragraphs using words from the alphabetical word bank provided:
Word Bank: aligns chromosomes at the equator, anaphase, approximately in half, approximately into four
quarters, cell plate, centrioles, centromeres, contractile ring, cytokinesis, cytoplasm, disassembles, equator
interphase, meiosis I , meiosis II, metaphase, microfilaments, microtubules, mitosis, moves chromosomes
toward the opposite poles, poles, precisely in half, precisely into four equal quarters, prophase, telophase,
The spindle is organized around two ___ centrioles___ that are located at ___ the poles____ at metaphase.
It starts to assemble at ____ prophase_______ of ____ mitosis, meiosis I and meiosis II___ All parts of
the spindle are composed of __________ microtubules______________
At anaphase, the spindle ______ moves chromosomes toward the opposite poles__________________
Cytokinesis generally occurs simultaneously with _ telo phase of_ mitosis, meiosis I and meiosis II___.
Cytokinesis divides the ______ cytoplasm________ of one cells ______approximately in half_____. In
plants, __________cell plate_________________ is responsible for cytokinesis and animals use
__________contractile ring_______ composed of ____microfilaments___________________
Fill in the blanks in the following sentence using words from the alphabetical word bank provided:
Word Bank: attached at the centromere, homologous pairs of chromosomes, separate from one another,
sister chromatids,
DNA replication produces ______sister chromatids________ that are __attached at the contromere___
Shown below is a zygote. It contains __2____
chromosome(s), __4____ sister chromatid(s),
and __1____homologous pair(s).
Draw a box around one sister chromatid.
Draw a circle around one homologous pair.
A
This cell would be considered __di_ploid.
B
1
D
C
2
Immediately after fertilization, the zygote __c-would have contained two individual strands (not X-shaped)_
a. would looked just like this
b. would have contained four individual strands (not X-shaped)
c. would have contained two individual strands (not X-shaped)
d. would have contained A and B (#1) only
C and D _____ a-are replicates of a single strand found in the zygote at fertilization _______
a. are replicates of the single (#2) strand found in the zygote at fertilization
b. became attached to each other at fertilization; C was inherited from one parent and D from the other
c. were contained within the gamete of one parent, A and B were contained within gamete of other parent
d. are result of replication of #1 (A and B)
The gene for ear lobes is located on these chromosomes. Suppose this individual inherited the E allele
from one parent and e from the other. Complete the labeling to show this.
E
E
e
e
2
1
This individual would be considered _____hetero zygous for ear lobes. His/her genotype
is____Ee_______ and phenotype is ___free earlobes_______(Remember “E” codes for free earlobes and
“e” for attached earlobes).
Which of the diagrams below show(s) a haploid cell? (circled --- i and iv)
(i)
(ii)
(iv)
(iii)
Which of the diagrams above shows a cell immediately after fertilization? (ii - see arrow )
The second diagram (ii) shows a cell with _4_ chromosomes, _0_ sister chromatids and _2_homologous pairs.
The first diagram (i) shows a cell with _2_ chromosomes, _4_ sister chromatids and _0_homologous pairs.
Each chromosome in (i) is composed of _2__ double helixes of DNA and those in (iv) are ___1___. double helix.
The total # of double helixes of DNA in the cell depicted in the third diagram (iii) is ______8_______.
What has happened between second and third diagrams above?
a. fertilization
c. mitosis
b. DNA replication
d. meiosis
Match the pictures above to the following steps:
__iii__.
__i___.
__ii__.
__ii__.
at start of prophase I
at start of prophase II
at end of mitosis
after fertilization
__iii__
__i___.
__iv__.
__iv__.
at start of prophase
at end of meiosis I
at end of meiosis II
a gamete
Fill in the blanks in the following paragraphs using words from the alphabetical word bank below:
Word Bank: allele, dominant, gene, genotype, heterozygous, homozygous, homozygous dominant,
homozygous recessive, phenotype, recessive (Words may be used more than once if necessary)
The genetic make-up of an individual is their __ genotype________. Its physical expression is their
_________phenotype____________. An individual who inherits two of the same allele for a particular
trait is considered _______ homo__zygous, whereas an individual who inherits two different alleles for
that trait is considered ____ hetero__zgous.
The individual who inherits two different alleles for a particular trait would be considered _hetero_zygous
and will express the ___ dominant____ allele(s). Someone else who is ___ homozygous dominant_____
for that trait would be indistinguishable in their phenotype. However, there would be a difference in what
they could pass on to their offspring. Only the offspring of the __ heterozygous_____ individual could
inherit the ____ recessive_____ allele for this trait from their parent. The ____ recessive____ allele is
only expressed in individuals who are ___ homo_zygous for this trait.
The following traits are used in the questions below. The abbreviations being used for their alleles
is listed below.
E= “free earlobes”
R = “tongue roller”
e = “attached earlobes”
r = “non-roller”
For all of the remaining questions, you should mark ALL correct choices.
Which of the following could be a gamete of an individual (Parent A) who is Ee?
a. E
c. e
e.
EE
b. Ee
d. Eeee
f.
ee
If Parent A has children with someone else with the same genotype, which of the following could be their
offspring?
a. EE
c. ee
e. child with attached earlobes
g. e
b. Ee
d. E
f
child with free earlobes
h. EEee
An individual who is rr could have children who are rollers with another person with which of the
following genotypes?
RR .
Rr
rr
An individual who is rr could have children who are non-rollers with another person with which of the
following genotypes?
RR .
Rr
rr
An individual who is RR could have children who are rollers with another person with which of the
following genotypes?
RR .
Rr
rr
An individual who is RR could have children who are non-rollers with another person with which of the
following genotypes?
RR .
Rr
rr
none – all of their children will be rollers
An individual who is Rr could have children who are rollers with another person with which of the
following genotypes?
RR .
Rr
rr
An individual who is Rr could have children who are non-rollers with another person with which of the
following genotypes?
RR .
Rr
rr