Download Current Drug Trends

Current Drug Trends
2014
Common Occurrences with Drug
Trends
• Increasing Potency
• Easy Access and Increasing Awareness
(through Internet use)
• Deceptive Marketing
2014 Global Drug Survey (GDS)
find users moving from local
dealers to internet purchases
Countries participating in the survey were
the USA, UK, Australia, Germany, France,
Ireland,
Scotland,
Belgium,
The
Netherlands, Denmark, New Zealand,
Hungary, Spain, Portugal, Switzerland,
Mexico, Slovenia and Brazil) More drug
users are buying their drugs online
because they say the quality is better,
there is more choice and it is more
convenient..
convenient
•
.
2014 Global Drug SurveySurvey-contd.
The 2014 Global Drug Survey (GDS) questioned
almost 80
80,,000 drug users from 43 countries
countries.. It
indicates that the majority of drug users use
dealers, but a growing number of people are
purchasing drugs from the internet
internet..
The # 1 drug purchased was marijuana, # 2
MDMA, # 3 LSD and # 4 Ketamine
Ketamine..
LEGAL LOOPHOLES USED
A COMMON THEME WITH DESIGNER DRUGS IS
THE USE OF THE LABEL OF "NOT FOR HUMAN
CONSUMPTION“. IT IS A LOOPHOLE THAT LEAVES
STORE OWNERS AND PRODUCERS EXEMPT FROM
CHARGES IF A USER HAS ADVERSE EFFECTS. THE
LABEL “RESEARCH CHECEMICAL PELLETS” AND
“INCENSE” IS ALSO USED.
Prevention Status Report 2013
• Opioid pain relievers are responsible for
three-fourths of all prescription drug
threeoverdose deaths and caused more than
16,,600 deaths in the United States in
16
2010.. Nationally, deaths involving opioids
2010
have more than quadrupled since 1999
1999..
The sharp rise in opioid deaths closely
parallels an equally sharp increase in the
prescribing of these drugs
drugs.. People in the
USA consume 80
80%
% of all the prescription
drugs in the world
world..
Alcohol Section
• Alcohol alters the neurotransmitter GABA
(Gamma-aminobutyric
(Gammaacid)..
acid)
Neuron
activity is slowed, anxiety and memory are
affected..
affected
Alcohol
also
alters
the
neurotransmitter Glutamate
Glutamate.. Glutamate
affects cognition (the activities of
thinking, understanding, learning, and
memory-Webster’s Dictionary).. (NIDA)
• If alcohol is a person’s drug of choice, find
the correct activity that helps that person
relax, unwind and forget about stressful
things for a while
while.. They may benefit from
passive leisure activities
activities..
Shooters--20% alcohol
Shooters
Whipped CreamCream-15
15--25% alcohol
Alcopops
Up to 12% alcohol
Alcopops
• Alcopops are flavored malt beverages
beverages..
Alcopops are soda
soda--like, popular beverages
that appeal to youth and are far too
available at corner stores
stores.. They include
Smirnoff Ice, Four Loko
Loko,, Blast, Mike's Hard
Lemonade and Bartles and James
James..
• Alcohol companies like selling Alcopops
because they effectively target teenagers
teenagers..
They can have much as 12
12%
% alcohol in a
24 oz
oz.. single
single--serving container and are
equivalent to 3-5 beers
beers.. Many state
attorney generals call them a "binge in a
can.."
can
AWOL (Alcohol without liquid
machines)
Inhaling or Smoking Alcohol
• AWOL (Alcohol without liquid) machines
•
were invented in 2004 and are powered by
electrical air compressors
compressors.. AWOL 2 and
AWOL 3 are powered by electrical oxygen
generators" which refer to a couple of
mechanisms used for inhalation
inhalation..
AWOL is trademarked and gimmicked as
an alcohol "vaporizer" (heat the chemical
to vapor) but is in fact a nebulizer (mixes
the chemical with oxygen into small mist
droplets)..
droplets)
AWOL Vaporizers
• Vaporized
alcohol
also
enters
the
bloodstream faster and its effects are
more
immediate
than
its
liquid
counterparts.. If this is true, this will result
counterparts
in an enhanced euphoric effect, similar to
drinking liquid alcohol on an empty
stomach.. Marketers encourage purchasers
stomach
to use the machine no more than twice in
a 24
24--hour period
period..
Legal Information on AWOL
Machines
Many legislators are promoting legislation
to ban alcohol inhalation machines
machines..
Michigan has made it illegal to possess,
sell or use an AWOL machine, and as of
June 2008
2008,, 22 other states have banned
the device
device;; Arizona, California, Colorado,
Connecticut,
Florida,
Idaho,
Illinois,
Indiana,
Iowa,
Kansas,
Kentucky,
Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota,
Nevada, New York, North Carolina
Carolina,, Ohio,
Pennsylvania, South Carolina
Carolina,, Tennessee,
Virginia, and Wyoming
Wyoming..
Freebasing Alcohol (the Vaportini)
Freebasing Alcohol
• Freebasing alcohol is done through a
device called the Vaportini
Vaportini,, which
retails for $30 plus shipping
shipping.. Users
heat a small amount of alcohol in a
glass ball over a tea light, then suck
the resulting vapors through a straw
straw..
Whether it's "smoked" using dry ice
or inhaled as a vapor, consuming
alcohol in this way is very dangerous
dangerous..
Pouring Alcohol over Dry Ice
Alcohol and Dry Ice Mix
An individual can pour alcohol over dry ice
and inhale it directly or with a straw
straw..
Inhaling dry ice (with the alcohol) which is
difficult to humidify inside the lung tissue,
could potentially lead to a “burn” of the
lining of the lungs
lungs.. Overall, this practice
could be even riskier for those who smoke,
or have asthma or COPD
COPD..
Homemade Alcohol Vaporizers
.
Homemade alcohol vaporizers
The alcohol of choice is poured into a
bottle, the bottle is corked, and a
bicycle pump needle is poked
through the top of the cork
cork.. Air is
pumped into the bottle to vaporize
the alcohol, and the user inhales the
vaporized alcohol
alcohol..
Dangers of Inhaling Alcohol
• Dr
Dr.. Harris Stratyner, Regional Clinical Vice
•
President of Caron Treatment Centers in
New York says “When you inhale alcohol,
it goes directly into the lungs and
circumnavigates the liver
liver..”
The practice is more likely to lead to
deadly alcohol poisoning than drinking
liquor, he said
said.. Inhaling alcohol vapors can
dry out the nasal passages and mouth,
making a person more vulnerable to
infection.. IT’S LIKE BINGE-DRINKING IN AN
infection
INSTANT.
Cannabis Section (stimulant,
depressant & hallucinogen)
Is marijuana getting stronger?
THC contents for marijuana in the USA:
1978 - 1.37%
1988 - 3.59%
1998 - 4.43%
2008 - 8.49%
The highest concentration of THC found in a
single sample was 37.2%.
(The University of Mississippi's Potency Monitoring Project)
Is marijuana stronger now than
in the past?
In the 1970s, 72% of cannabis was brought into
the U.S. rather than being produced here.
Between transportation and distribution time, it
was much older due to the time it took to get
from the farm to the consumer. It was a mixture
of leaves, stems, flowers, and hodgepodge
pieces of the plant. Very little of the product was
actually sinsemilla which is the best source of
cannabinoids in marijuana. Now, just a few
years later, the potency of marijuana continues
to increase as the cannabis industry becomes
more high tech than ever. (Anna Wilcox/Leafly
Wilcox/Leafly))
Cannabis (stimulant, sedative,
hallucinogen)
(May 9th, 2014) Police seize 2,593 pounds of
brick marijuana in an empty warehouse in
Kernersville, North Carolina.
Love Boat (hallucinogen(hallucinogen4 variations)
Love Boat (hallucinogen)
The name Love Boat is currently
associated with three different street
drugs - marijuana soaked with embalming
fluid/formaldehyde,, marijuana soaked
fluid/formaldehyde
with the dissociative hallucinogen in PCP
PCP,,
marijuana soaked in both formaldehyde
and PCP, and a cigarette soaked in PCP
PCP..
Marijuana and PCP are both hallucinogens,
with PCP acting in a dissociative manner
by blocking chemical signals sent from
your conscious mind to other parts of the
brain.. Blocking these signals results in
brain
variety of effects ranging from sensory
deprivation to hallucinations to a trance
trance-like state
state..
Marijuana Lollipops & candy
Marijuana Lollipops & candy
A green van with pictures of marijuana on it pulls
up at Ultra Fest 2014
2014.. The vehicle is one of two
dozen vehicles called “weed wagons
wagons..” They travel
from one music festival to another from New
York, Los Angeles, Texas and Miami to sell and
hand out free samples of candy which may or not
contain THC
THC.. The product is also sold online
online..
Depending on which state they’re in and it’s
medical marijuana laws, not all of the product is
loaded with THC
THC..
Lollipops in Florida don't contain THC, but are
instead made of hemp oil, which is legal and will
not get you high
high.. Marijuana lollipops loaded with
THC are sold to people in states that have medical
marijuana cards
cards..
One concert goer said after trying a marijuana
lollipop.. “I was a little disappointed
lollipop
disappointed.. I didn’t feel
anything..”
anything
THC Puppy Chow
.
THC Puppy Chow
Puppy chow is a common party food
made by melting chocolate, butter
and powder sugar and Chex cereal
cereal..
The THC oil is added to the butter
during the cooking process
process.. Users are
also mixing the THC oil with
Cinnamon Toast Crunch cereal
cereal..
Transdermal THC Patches
Transdermal THC Patches
• State troopers are seeing more marijuana
hash-inflused transdermal patches (similar
hashto a nicotine patch) being purchased from
Colorado and crossing state lines. Once
removed from the package, the patches
have no markings. They do have a slight
odor of marijuana and easily test positive
for THC.
E-cigarettes are used to smoke
Cannabis oil and Cannabis wax
Street names: Dabs, Butane Hash Oil, Wax.
E-Cigarettes are being used to
Smoke Marijuana
A growing number of people are smoking
marijuana in e-cigarettes
cigarettes.. Marijuana in
liquid (BHO or butane
butane--extracted hash oil) and
wax forms (80
80%
% THC) used in e-cigarettes
do not create an odor
odor.. Because the devices
don’t produce a flame, a person smoking
marijuana in an e-cigarette can take a puff
and then quickly put it in a pocket
pocket.. People
are using the combination without fear of
detection in public
public..
Synthetic Cannabinoids, Spice, K2
(hallucinogen, stimulant)
Spice and K2
Synthetic Cannabinoids
Illegal chemists make synthetic marijuana by
using these chemicals
chemicals:: JWH
JWH--018
018,, JWH
JWH--073
073,, HU
HU-210,, M-694
210
694,, CP
CP--47
47,,497 and other compounds of
JWH.. Synthetic marijuana sellers get around the
JWH
law by putting “Not for human consumption” on
the packages
packages..
Illegal chemists are keeping one step ahead of
the law by developing new versions of chemical
compounds as they’re banned by states
states..
Testing for Synthetic Cannabinoids
On November 22
22,, 2011
2011,, Redwood
Toxicology Laboratory announced they
can now test for 6 synthetic cannabinoid
chemicals:: JWH
chemicals
JWH--018
018,, JWH
JWH--073
073,, JWH
JWH--081
081,,
JWH--250
JWH
250,,
AM--2201
AM
and
RCS--4.
RCS
Scooby Snax (Synthetic Cannabinoid
Cannabinoid))
Graham Crackers
Cannabinoid
Scooby Snax
Scooby Snax has been openly sold at gas stations and
convenience stores
stores.. These types of products labeled as
incense or potpourri are blamed for several deaths
nationwide after people have smoked it. Patients show up
in the emergency room confused, agitated, hallucinating,
with blood pressure elevated and heart racing.
.
Crazy Clown (Synthetic Cannabinoid
Cannabinoid))
.
Crazy Clown
• Crazy Clown is a new 4th generation synthetic
•
•
marijuana similar to Spice with some serious and
potentially fatal side effects. It's blamed for
sending people to ER’s with violent reactions and
causing death.
Crazy Clown is smoked or burned in a small bowl
and inhaled. Active chemicals in Crazy Clown are
unknown. Symptoms include: nausea, vomiting,
dry
mouth,
weakness,
cardiac
problems,
psychotic
episodes,
paralysis
and
violent
behavior.
This is a drug that is not deceptive with it’s
marketing name
name..
Legal Information on Crazy Clown
• On October 9th 2013
2013,, Florida Attorney General Pam
Bondi Wednesday filed an emergency rule
criminalizing four related synthetic cannabinoid
drugs, including one being marketed under the
name "Crazy Clown"
Clown".. The emergency move makes
the new synthetics Schedule I controlled substances
under Florida law
• The four substances are B-PINACA, AB
AB--FUBINACA, ADB
ADB-PINACA, and Fluoro ABDICA
ABDICA.. They have been tentatively
identified as cannabinoid receptor agonists, similar to an
earlier round of synthetic cannabinoids that have been
marketed under names such as "Spice" and "K
"K2
2." Those
drugs are banned under federal law and are illegal in a
number of states as well
well..
• Georgia banned the drugs in September 2013
under a synthetic drugs analog law
law,, and now
neighboring Florida has moved to do so, too
too..
Spice, K2
• Spice is sold under many names—K2, fake weed,
•
•
Yucatan Fire, Skunk, Moon Rocks, and others.
They contain dried, shredded plant material along
with manmade chemicals that cause mindaltering effects.
For several years, Spice was easy to purchase in
head shops and gas stations and online. Spice has
a high potential for abuse and no medical benefit.
One teen quoated “6 minutes felt like hours. I
wanted to come down, but couldn’t. “
Spice, K2
• The Drug Enforcement Administration
(DEA) has made it against the law to sell,
buy, or possess Spice. People who make
Spice products try to avoid these legal
restrictions by using different chemicals in
their mixtures. The DEA continues to
watch the situation and review the need to
update the list of banned chemicals.
How Does Spice, K2 Affect the
Brain?
• Many Spice users have experience effects
•
that are stronger than those of marijuana.
Some users report effects like extreme
anxiety, paranoia, and hallucinations.
Chemicals found in Spice attach to the
same nerve cell receptors as THC, the main
mind-altering component of marijuana.
Some of the chemicals found in Spice,
however, attach to those receptors more
strongly, which could lead to a much
stronger and more unpredictable effect.
Other Health Effects of Spice,
K2
• People who abused Spice and were taken
to
Poison
Control
Centers
report
symptoms like a fast heart rate, vomiting,
agitation, confusion, and hallucinations.
Spice can also raise blood pressure and
cause less blood to flow to the heart. In a
few cases, it has been associated with
heart attacks. People who use Spice a lot
may experience withdrawal and addiction
symptoms.
Effects of Spice, K2 and kidney
damage
• The CDC issued an alert describing 16 cases of
•
kidney damage from synthetic marijuana
marijuana.. The
first warning came from Wyoming, where three
patients were hospitalized with severe kidney
damage;; others came from Oregon, New York,
damage
Rhode Island, Oklahoma and Kansas
Kansas.. The kidney
damage from many of these cases was very
severe, five to the point of requiring dialysis
dialysis..
In December, 2012
2012,, the Substance Abuse and
Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
released a report showing that synthetic
marijuana was responsible for 11
11,,400 emergency
room visits in one year
year.. The vast majority of those
admitted were between the ages of 12 and 29
29..
Synthetic Marijuana 20092009-2013
data
• Synthetic marijuana is thought to have
•
appeared in the U.S. in 2009
2009,, and soon
after came a spike in emergency room
visits, even deaths
deaths,, as the drug caught on
among young people
people..
About 8 percent of high school seniors said
they've used some type of synthetic
marijuana in 2013
2013,, according to the report
released by the National Institutes of
Health.. That's a sharp drop from the 11
Health
percent of high school seniors who'd
experimented with fake pot in 2012
2012..
E-cigarettes used to smoke K2 eeliquid
K2 ee-liquid advertisement
• K2 e-liquid LEGAL
• K2 e-liquid was not developed for human consumption
consumption..
When you buy this product, it can only be used for
aromatherapy purposes or as a research chemical
chemical.. Here are
some other important things to keep in mind
mind::
• Our products are NOT smoking blends or entheogenes of
any kind
kind..
• Our mixes are created for aromatherapy purposes and are
designed for use as a room fragrance only
only..
• Our products are NOT made from any of these banned
chemicals:: JWH
chemicals
JWH--018
018,, JWH
JWH--073
073,, JWH
JWH--200
200,, CP
CP--47
47,,497 and
cannabicyclohexanol Methylone, MDPV, Acetone or any
Hallucinogens, Salvia Divinorum, Hawaiian Baby Woodrose
(Argyreia nervosa), Blue Egyptian water lily (Nymphaea
caerulea)..
caerulea)
Opiate and Opioid Section
• Afghanistan exports over 80% of the Heroin used
•
in the world.
Drug users scam doctors to acquire opiates,
pharmacies are burglarized, and many opiates are
smuggled in from Mexico
Mexico..
Heroin Production
Zohydro (opiate)
.
Zohydro (opiate)
• Zohydro ER hit the market in March 2014
amidst widespread concern that the drug
could trigger a disastrous spike in
overdoses and deaths
deaths.. Zohydro is a potent
extended--release
extended
form
of
hydrocodone without the additives of
aspirin or acetaminophen and without anti
anti-abuse formulation
formulation.. Zohydro contains 10
times the amount found in other
painkillers.. (Regional Organized Crime Information
painkillers
Center)
Triggering Dopamine
Dopamine is the neurotransmitter that
creates the sensation of happiness
happiness..
Dopamine production can be stimulated
naturally, without using drugs
drugs..
Triggering Dopamine
1) Exercise daily. The Brookhaven National
Laboratory reports that exercise stimulates
dopamine. Because it takes this long for
the dopamine to be triggered, you need to
work out at least 20 to 30 minutes daily.
Cardio--vascular exercise such as walking,
Cardio
swimming and jogging are examples. Aim
to keep the heart rate elevated for this
period of time.
Normalizing Dopamine Levels
2) Eliminate foods high in sugars, fats and
cholesterol from the diet. In addition to
being unhealthy foods, these can also
cause a drop in dopamine levels.
Normalizing Dopamine Production
3) Eat foods producing dopamine
dopamine.. Fresh
fruits and vegetables, avocados, bananas,
low--fat dairy, fish, poultry, lima beans,
low
almonds, sesame seeds, pumpkin seeds,
soy, whole grains and legumes
legumes..
4) Eat antioxidant foods
foods:: orange vegetables
and fruits, asparagus, broccoli, beets
beets..
Vitamin
C:
Peppers,
oranges,
strawberries, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts
Vitamin E: Nuts and sunflower seeds,
greens, broccoli, carrots
carrots..
Triggering Dopamine contd.
5) Get plenty of rest. Dopamine has been
tied to feelings of wakefulness, so in order
to get that wakeful feeling, get 7 to 8 hour
of sleep a night.
6) Reach a new goal.
Triggering Endorphins
Endorphins relieve stress and enhance
pleasure.
1) Exercising releases endorphins when
exercise level is moderate to high, "at the
point when you are going from aerobic to
anaerobic exercise."Short bursts of activity
like weightweight-lifting or sprinting, don't
trigger endorphins enough.
Triggering Endorphins
2) Eat hot peppers. Cayenne peppers,
jalapeño peppers, banana peppers, and
other hot peppers contain capsaicin, which
releases endorphins. Try eating a piece of
raw pepper. When the initial fiery pain
subsides, you should feel euphoria. If you
don't want to have to deal with the pain to
reap the pleasure of capsaicin, sprinkle a
little cayenne pepper on your food for a
milder boost in mood.
Triggering Endorphins
Physical treatments indirectly or directly
(through muscle manipulation) release
endorphins. "Yoga,
"Yoga, Pilates, Tai Chi,
acupuncture, acupressure and massage
stimulate nerves and improve overall
physical, emotional and mental health.
This is part of the wellness movement,"
meaning the shift away from medicalized
treatment of ailments to maintaining
wellness and taking responsibility for one's
own health and wellwell-being.
Normalizing Endorphin Levels
• Vanilla extract. The scent of vanilla has
been shown to stimulate the production of
ginseng. Try adding a drop to your coffee,
or stirring some into your yogurt. It's the
smell, not the taste, that affects your
endorphins, so be sure to take a deep
whiff. You can get the same benefits from
smelling a vanillavanilla-scented candle, lotion or
essential oil.
• Lavender has similar properties and is also
shown to stimulate endorphin production.
Activating Endorphins
Meditation is another effective way to
trigger your endorphins.
Sunlight triggers endorphins.
Acetyl Fentanyl (Opioid)
.
Acetyl Fentanyl (Opioid)
•
Feb. 19th, 2014
Feb.
2014--The head of the state’s toxicology lab says a new,
deadly synthetic narcotic that caused three fatal overdoses in
North Carolina last month is probably manufactured in
sophisticated labs outside the United States
States.. The N.C. Department
of Health and Human Services issued a health advisory Wednesday
that warned of acetyl fentanyl
fentanyl,, a synthetic, opioid drug that is up
to five times more powerful than heroin
heroin.. The drug can be smoked,
snorted, injected or taken orally
orally..
The state health advisory comes in the wake of three deaths
related to the synthetic drug in January
January.. Toxicologists in the state
medical examiner’s lab found evidence of acetyl fentanyl
associated with drug deaths in Sampson, Person and Transylvania
counties.. Read more here
counties
here:: “People in the street may not know
what they are ingesting in their body,” said Dr
Dr.. Justin Brower, who
supervises the toxicology lab at the state medical examiner’s
office.. Acetyl fentanyl has properties and side effects that are
office
similar to heroin, Brower said, but “people can die much more
easily” from the synthetic drug
drug.. (News and Observer)
Suboxone
(Buprenorphine and Naloxone
Naloxone))
.
Lean, Sprite or Dirty Sprite
(Opiate)
Lean, Sprite or Dirty Sprite
This is a slang term for a recreational drug
popular in the southern United States,
originating in Houston, Texas in the 80
80’s
’s.. Its
main ingredient is prescription
prescription--strength cough
syrup containing codeine and promethazine
promethazine..
Cough syrup is typically mixed with ingredients
such as Sprite or Mountain Dew
Dew.. The purplish
hue of Lean comes from dyes in cough syrup
syrup..
There are numerous slang terms for Lean
including Purple Drank, Sizzurp
Sizzurp,, Syrup, Drank,
Barre,, Purple Jelly, Texas Tea, and Tsikuni
Barre
Tsikuni.. “The
high is as close as you can come to heroin”.
Effects of Lean, Dirty Sprite, Sprite
(Opiate)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Constricted pupils that do not respond well to light
Slow, slurred speech
Droopy eyes
Slowed heart rate
Drowsiness
Constipation
Dental problems
An overdose of codeine could result in death. If Lean is used
with alcohol or other drugs, the combination can also
contribute to death.
One user states “c
“codeine cough syrup makes you drowsy. I
sleep very well.” Another user described the effect as
“mellow, lasts about five hours.”
Effects of Lean, Sprite and
Dirty Sprite mixed with
alcohol
One user described syrup and alcohol as
“a mean combination, one of the worst drunks
you’ll ever have, including mood swings,
blackouts, nausea, and headaches. In short, you
can get downright ignorant on it and should
avoid that combination.”
Go to the NIDA website for an excellent
PDF “Leaning on Syrup”.
Candy Coated Fry Stick
(cannabinoid
cannabinoid,, hallucinogen and
opiate)
A candy coated fry stick is marijuana joint
soaked in embalming fluid into which PCP
has been suspended, then covered in
codeine cough syrup and then smoked.
Candy Blunt (opiate and
cannabinoid)
A candy blunt is a store-bought cigarillo
that is emptied of tobacco, replaced with
marijuana, re-rolled, and coated with
codeine cough syrup. “Coat the paper
before rolling and it makes a good burn.
You could dunk the ends instead, but it’ll
flame up on you.”
Nyquil is a recommended substitute when
no codeine cough syrup is available.
Desomorphine, Krokodil (Opiate)
• Krokodil is a synthetic heroin product
•
popular in Russia. Due to the poisonous
ingredients, addict life expectancy usually
only runs one to three years once they
start on the drug.
Desomorphine is a synthetic morphine.
Krokodil became a popular replacement
for Russian heroin, which can be made
from chemicals like codeine, iodine, lighter
fluid, gasoline and industrial cleaning oil
combined in a process similar to cooking
methamphetamine. The resulting drug is
injected for about a 90-minute high which
is more intense than heroin.
Codeine Cough Syrup
Original Intended Purpose
• Dr. George Fallieras stated that in its
intended usage "The codeine in the
medicine serves as a pain reliever and also
suppresses coughing. A second drug in
the cough syrup, promethazine
promethazine,, is used as
an antihistamine and to treat motion
sickness and nausea.”
Cheese Heroin
.
Cheese Heroin
• Drug dealers are attempting to make
narcotics more appealing to children.
Cheese heroin is a mixture of Tylenol
PM and 2-8% heroin. It is also
known as “Tylenol with Smack.”
Stimulant Section
• Activates Norepinephrine (Adrenaline)
• Walks, hot baths/showers, massage,
meditation, visualization and spirituality
helps regain peace of mind.
mind.
What is this?
.
Methamphetamine (stimulant &
hallucinogen)
Methamphetamine (stimulant &
hallucinogen) Meth Labs
•
North Carolina pharmacies log all purchases of products containing pseudoephedrine
through NPLEx
NPLEx.. The NPLEx system connects North Carolina with 23 states nationwide
including neighboring states, making it harder for meth cooks to skirt the law by
crossing state lines or shopping at multiple pharmacies The system also helps block
illegal sales of meth’s key ingredient. North Carolina pharmacies began using the
system January 1, 2012. NPLEx automatically lets pharmacies know if the buyer has
reached the legal limit for pseudoephedrine purchases so the store can stop the
sale.
State law limits purchases of products that contain pseudoephedrine to no more than
two packages at once and no more than three packages within 30 days. Purchasers
must show a photo ID and sign a log.
•
Meth lab busts by county
State Bureau of Investigation agents responded to 561 meth labs in 2013, an
increase from 460 labs found in 2012. Of those meth labs, 81 percent used the “one
pot” method, portable labs which make small amounts of meth.
Counties in both western and eastern North Carolina saw large numbers of meth labs
last year. The North Carolina counties with the largest number of meth lab busts in
2013 were: Wilkes (50 labs), Onslow (46 labs), Anson (30 labs), Catawba (27 labs),
Sampson (27 labs), Gaston (26 labs), Burke (23 labs) and Johnston (22 labs).
Onslow, Lincoln, Gaston, Stanly and Sampson counties saw the largest increase in
meth labs in 2013 as compared to 2012. Law enforcement and SBI agents also saw a
significant increase in the number of meth labs in counties surrounding Charlotte in
2013, including Anson (30 labs), Gaston (26 labs), Union (20 labs), Lincoln (19 labs),
Stanly (15 labs) and Rowan (10 labs) counties.
(North Carolina Department of Justice)
Methamphetamine Labs in
North Carolina counties
States that are part of NPLEx (National
Precursor Log Exchange) that tracks
pseudoephedrine purchases at
pharmacies
.
Strawberry Quick
Strawberry Quick
• Strawberry Quick is methamphetamine
mixed with strawberry flavoring that
minimizes the acidic taste of the drug. It
looks like the "Pop Rocks" candy that
sizzle in your mouth. In it's current form, it
is dark pink in color and has a strawberry
scent to it. Police say it comes in other
flavors including chocolate.
Practical Help for Clients
Exercise may help reduce methamphetamine use
use,,
researchers have concluded after a recent study
(April 27th 2014
2014)). The abuse of amphetamine type
psychomotor stimulants remains a critical legal
and public health problem in the United States
States..
Federation of American Societies for Experimental
Biology (FASEB) Science Daily
Daily..
Hallucinogen Section
Bufo Alvarius (Hallucinogen)
Several species of toads produce venom that
contains psychoactive chemicals, but only Bufo
alvarius (Colorado River Toad or Sonoran Desert
Toad) venom contains 5-MeO
MeO--DMT
DMT,, which is a
naturally occurring psychedelic present in the
venom of the Bufo alvarius toad
toad.. It is somewhat
comparable in effects to DMT
DMT;; however it is
substantially more potent, so it should not be
confused with DMT
DMT.. The venom of some Bufo
species, including B. alvarius, contains trace
amounts of bufotenin and some may also contain
toxic chemicals
chemicals.. Bufo toad venom is poisonous if
eaten.. (Erowid
eaten
Erowid))
Benzo Fury (Stimulant &
Hallucinogen)
.
Benzo Fury (stimulant and hallucinogen)
Benzo Fury or 6-APB, is a colorless stimulant, in
powder or pill form and is marketed as a
“research drug”.
Benzo Fury is similar to
amphetamines and Ecstasy (MDMA).
Effects of Benzo Fury are alertness, increased
energy, euphoria, feelings of peace, dilated
pupils, tingling feelings, tightening of jaw
muscles, raised body temperature, increased
heart
rate,
anxiety
attacks
and
paranoid/confused states.
Marketing of Benzo Fury
Benzo Fury is sold primarily through websites
claiming to be manufacturers of research
chemicals. One UK website sells Benzo Fury for
10 British Pounds (around $15-16 U.S.
dollars) per pill and shipping to the U.S. is
available. Benzo Fury was banned in June of
2013.
Dragonfly (hallucinogen)
Dragonfly got it’s name from the
dragonfly-like appearance of its
chemical structure.
.
Bromo Dragonfly, B-Fly, Fly, 2C-B-fly
or Europa
Dragonfly is a synthetic hallucinogenic that produces
effects similar to LSD or ecstasy. This substance was
originally developed as part of a legitimate medical
research project, but has no legitimate or medical use.
This drug causes long-acting vasoconstriction. This drug
can be a powder, liquid or placed on blotter paper like
LSD. The hallucinogenic effects of this drug are
long-lasting, sometimes lasting up to 3 days.
Effects after orally ingesting the drug can be
delayed as long as 6 hours which may lead to
double dosing and overdose. B-Fly (liquid form) can
be concealed in small dropper bottle products. The good
news is B-Fly, also classified as a form of 2C-B, has just
recently been added to the Controlled Substance Act and
is now illegal in the U.S.
2-CI, India, Smiles (Hallucinogen)
.
2C-I is replacing Bath Salts as the
2Challucinogenic drug of choice.
• The fluffy white powder is usually pressed into
•
pill form. It produces LSD-like hallucinations and
visual distortions, and MDMA-like empathy. The
onset of effects is around 40 minutes with peak
effects occurring at approximately 2 hours. It can
last up to 8 hours.
2C-I can be taken orally in tablet or capsule form,
snorted in its powder form and orally taken in the
form of small squares of blotter paper similar to
LSD ingestion. 2C-I is purchased primarily
through Internet retailers, but it’s also been sold
by street-level dealers. As of July 9th, 2012, 2C-I
is a Schedule I controlled substance under the
Controlled Substance Act, making possession,
distribution and manufacturing illegal.
N-Bomb (hallucinogen)
.
N-Bomb (hallucinogen)
• NBOMe is a clump white powder with a
notably bitter and metallic taste
taste.. It is often
sold as LSD or mescaline
mescaline.. It may be
snorted, or made into a liquid and soaked
into blotter paper (like LSD) or laced on
something edible
edible.. It is most often taken on
breath strips and dissolves quickly in the
mouth..
mouth
Common Designer Drugs
There are many designer drugs that
have been identified in the United
States.. These are found in a number
States
of different categories, including
opioids,, dissociatives
opioids
dissociatives,, stimulants,
hallucinogens, and others
others.. The
following is a list of some of the
many new designer drugs
drugs..
Just a few new designer drugs
Aminotaldalafil, Aildenafil
Aminotaldalafil,
Aildenafil,, Sulfoaildenafil
Sulfoaildenafil,,
Hydroxyacetildenafil,, Thiosildenafil
Hydroxyacetildenafil
Thiosildenafil,, THG
THG,,
Prostanozol,, Methasterone
Prostanozol
Methasterone,, Madol
Madol,, Norbolethone
Norbolethone,,
AB--001, RCS
AB
RCS--8, CP 47,497,
47,497, HU
HU--308, JWH
JWH--167,
JWH--250, AM
JWH
AM--1241, AMAM-1220 (Dr.
(Dr. Alexandros
Makriyannis developed this compound),
compound), RCS
RCS--4
(banned in Denmark and New Zealand),
Zealand),
1,4--Butanediol, Mebroqualone
1,4
Mebroqualone,, Etizolam
Etizolam,,
Phanazepam,, Premazepam
Phanazepam
Premazepam,, Gamma
Gamma-valerolactone,, 2-Methyl
valerolactone
Methyl--2-butanol, Dimethocaine
Dimethocaine,,
Diphenulprolinol,, Ethcathinone
Diphenulprolinol
Ethcathinone,, Flephedrone
Flephedrone,,
Geranamine,, Naphyrone
Geranamine
Naphyrone,, MDPV,
Methylenedioxypyrovalerone,, Pentylone
Methylenedioxypyrovalerone
Pentylone,,
Buphedrone,, PMEA, PMMA, PMA, MMA,
Buphedrone
Methylone,, MDEA, 4-MTA, AET, Butylone
Methylone
Butylone,, IAP,
BZP, mCPP
mCPP,, Tenocyclidine
Tenocyclidine,, Ethylketamine
Ethylketamine,,
Methoxyketamine,, TMA
Methoxyketamine
TMA--6, TMATMA-2, AMT DiPT
DiPT,, LSB,
ALD--52, Nortilidine
ALD
Nortilidine,, Dimetamine
Dimetamine..
Making designer drugs illegal
• Designer drugs are simply variations on drugs
that already exist
exist.. These drugs are specifically
designed to avoid and fall outside of the laws of
the DEA in the United States
States.. The variation of the
chemical structure allows the drug to be
temporarily used and created without the fear or
expectation of criminal charges since it does not
fall under any current regulations
regulations.. Although these
drugs often do not fall under regulations, the DEA
has been given the power to temporarily schedule
a drug that it is investigating
investigating.. During an
investigation, the drug is likely to be scheduled as
a Schedule I drug, which prohibits its use, sale
sale,,
and distribution in the United States
States.. (Project
Know--Understanding Addiction)
Know
What is This?
.
LSD
LSD produces hallucinations dissociating
the user from reality
reality.. Users often report
having the ability to see and hear things
without stimulus
stimulus.. "Synesthesia
Synesthesia"" is another
effect, causing the user to hear matter
that is only visibly perceptive such as
hearing colors or associating odor to
audible sounds such as "smelling voices
voices.."
Each square piece represents a single dose
which costs $5-7 each
each..
LSA (d
(d--lysergic acid amide)
hallucinogen
.
LSA--hallucinogen
LSA
LSA is a psychedelic ergoline alkaloid closely related to
LSD,, roughly one
LSD
one--tenth the potency of LSD . It is most
commonly taken by consuming an extraction made from
Ipomoea tricolor (Morning glory
glory),
), Argyreia nervosa
(Hawaiian baby woodrose
woodrose)) or Stipa robusta : Sleepy
Grass (The fungus that infects Sleepy Grass has
also infected and caused diseases in humans)
humans)..
It has a wide range of effects including auditory and
visual hallucinations, spatial and temporal distortion,
introspection, and side effects such as nausea and
vomiting..
vomiting
Peyote (hallucinogen)
.
Peyote (hallucinogen)
• Peyote changes the chemistry in the brain
to induce an altered mental state in the
user, known as a "trip
"trip.." The substance is
cultivated from the peyote cactus plant
that grows in the wild in the southwestern
United States
States.. Protruding nubs or
"buttons" are pulled from the crown of the
plant and ingested to experience various
psychedelic effects
effects.. The main chemical
compound in peyote is mescaline, an
amphetamine.. Mescaline can be extracted
amphetamine
from peyote or produced synthetically
synthetically..
Peyote (hallucinogen)
Why Stop Using? Peyote affects the user's brain
chemistry..
chemistry
Altered
perception,
delusions,
hallucinations, psychosis and flashbacks are
psychological side effects of Peyote
Peyote..
It can cause an altered
altered--mental state in which the
individual isolates himself
himself.. Over time, this
isolation can develop into a psychosis, sapping
the person's desire to do anything other than live
in that imaginary place
place.. The dream
dream--state becomes
preferable to the trial of real life, until the person
wakes up one day and finds that he or she is
unable to cope effectively with reality
reality.. (Project
Know)
Nightshade Plants (hallucinogen)
Belladonna
Belladonna (hallucinogen)
• Atropa Belladonna has been used because of
the vivid hallucinations and delirium they
produce.. However, these hallucinations are most
produce
commonly described as very unpleasant
unpleasant,, and
use is considered extremely dangerous because
of the high risk of unintentional fatal overdose
overdose..
In addition, the central nervous system effects
of atropine include memory disruption, which
may lead to severe confusion
confusion..
Angels Trumpet, Brugmansia
Angels Trumpet, Brugmansia
• Angels Trumpet is an herbal drug derived
from a South American tropical tree whose
flowers are consumed as a tea, smoked,
boiled and eaten (abusers often eat the
flowers) for hallucinogenic effects. All
parts of Brugmansia are poisonous. In low
doses, it’s considered a mild hallucinogen,
but higher doses can result in an “eternal”
trip or even death.
Sides Effects of Angels Trumpet
• Reported side effects include dilated
pupils, inability to urinate, severe thirst,
confusion, drowsiness, constipation, dry
and warm skin, fast heartbeat, anxiety,
headaches, hallucinations and memory
loss. Users explain this drug as similar in
effect to psilocybin mushroom and
have also indicated that the drug can
remove all capacity for free will.
Henbane (hallucinogen)
Henbane (Nightshade plant)
Henbane is known as stinking nightshade
or Black Henbane
Henbane.. Side effects include dry
mouth, red skin, constipation, overheating,
reduced sweating, vision disturbances,
increased heart rate, difficulty with
urinating,
drowsiness,
restlessness,
hallucinations, delirium, manic episodes
and
death..
death
Morning Glory seeds (hallucinogen)
Morning Glory (hallucinogen)
• The seeds give a LSD
LSD--like high when swallowed
•
by the hundreds and are found to be one-tenth
as potent as LSD. The seeds are eaten whole or
ground up.
When the seeds are chewed up, the effects of
the drug will take affect within 30 to 90 minutes.
Effects are anxiety or panic attacks, distortion of
time, space and body image, difficulty
concentrating and thinking clearly, severe mood
swings, often ranging from a hyper-interested
mood to a withdrawn disinterested mood.
Datura, Jimson Weed (hallucinogen)
Jimson Weed, Datura, Thorn Apple
(hallucinogen)
• Datura Stramonium grows 3-5 feet tall
tall.. It grows
wild in most parts of the US and has been called
Green Dragon, Locoweed, Devil's Trumpet, Devil's
Apple, Devil's Weed, Mad Apple and Stinkweed
Stinkweed..
The toxic effects are
are:: dilated pupils, elevated
body temperature, dry mucus membranes,
urinary retention, decreased gastrointestinal
motility, agitation, delirium
delirium,, seizures, visual
hallucinations, amnesia, spasmodic movement
and coma
coma.. Symptoms usually appear 1-4 hours
after ingestion and may persist for days
days..
Salvia (hallucinogen)
Salvia--hallucinogen
Salvia
• Salvia (Salvia divinorum) is an herb found
•
in southern Mexico and Central and South
America.
The dried leaves of Salvia are smoked as a
joint, inhaled through water pipes, or
vaporized and inhaled. (NIDA)
Effects of Salvia
• People
who abuse Salvia generally
experience hallucinations or a loss of
contact with reality. Effects last 1-30
minutes. They include changes in visual
perception, mood and body sensations,
emotional
swings,
and
feelings
of
detachment. People also report a very
different perception of reality and trouble
interacting with their surroundings.
Nutmeg (deleriant, hallucinogen)
.
Nutmeg (deliriant)
Nutmeg contains myristicin, which belongs to the deliriant
drug family.
Nutmeg produces a hallucinogenic high that most people
consider unpleasant. Nutmeg takes up to six hours for an
individual to even begin feeling minimal effects.
effects. Effects can
range anywhere from a mild high or stoned feeling similar
to marijuana coupled with alcohol to a fullfull-blown deliriant
experience with auditory and visual hallucinations, closed
closed-eye visuals,
visuals, and shifts in perception. The taste and texture
alone can cause nausea and gagging. Other side effects
during the primary experience include a proneness to panic
attacks and inability to focus. Depending on dosage, a user
may continue to experience a feeling of airy lightness and
spaceyness for up to five days.
days. These persistent effects can
take the form of a stupor with a lack of ability to focus on
certain tasks or carry on conversations for very long.
Shamboiling or bubblingbubblinghallucinogen
Shamboiling-boiling shampoo for a
Shamboilinghallucinogenic effect
• Shampoo is brought to a rapid boil and then the
fumes are inhaled for a hallucinogenic effect
effect..
Shamboiling has many potential risks including
pneumonia, cardiac failure or arrest, and
aspiration of vomit
vomit.. The inhaling of Ammonium
Lauryl Sulfate in shampoo can cause hearing loss,
limb spasms, and damage to the central nervous
system and brain
brain.. Serious but potentially
reversible effects include liver and kidney damage
and
blood--oxygen
blood
depletion..
depletion
Death
from
inhalants is generally caused by a very high
concentration of fumes
fumes..
Molly, MDMA, Ecstasy (stimulant &
hallucinogen)
.
Molly (old drug/new name)
• Molly is a pure form of Ecstasy, “X”, “XTC”
(MDMA). There have been many recent
(MDMA).
deaths from young people using Molly
Molly..
Performing artists have been promoting
the use of Molly at their concerts
concerts.. After
being inhaled, swallowed or parachuted
(folded in a tissue and swallowed) it floods
the brain with the neurotransmitters
neurotransmitters-serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine
making them feel elated, empathic and full
of energy
energy..
E-Cigarettes and liquid PCP
• School administrators in a New Hanover
county school reported a problem with
students smoking liquid PCP in eecigarettes.
Synthetic Cathinone section
(stimulant and hallucinogen)
Origin--the Khat Plant
Origin
Khat (stimulant)
A mind
mind--altering chemical found in Khat,
cathinone, is an illegal Schedule I drug
drug.. Khat
leaves are typically chewed in the cheek like
chewing tobacco
tobacco.. Certain migrant communities in
the United States use Khat
Khat.. Effects begin to
subside after about 90 minutes to 3 hours, but
can last 24 hours
hours.. After using Khat, a person may
experience a depressed mood, irritability
irritability,, loss of
appetite, and difficulty sleeping
sleeping.. Long
Long--term use
includes tooth decay and periodontal disease
disease;;
gastrointestinal disorders
disorders,, constipation, ulcers,
inflammation of the stomach, and increased risk
of
upper
gastrointestinal
tumors;;
tumors
and
cardiovascular disorders such as irregular heart
heart-beat, decreased blood flow, and heart attack
attack..
Bath Salts (stimulant &
hallucinogen)
Bath Salts
“Bath salts” are a new family of drugs
containing cathinone, an amphetaminelike stimulant from the khat plant.
Severe effects include paranoia, agitation,
and hallucinations; some even lose contact
with reality and act violently. Chemically,
they are similar to amphetamines
(methamphetamine and cocaine) and to
MDMA (Ecstasy).
Other Health Effects of Bath Salts
• Bath Salts users have needed medical
•
attention for heart problems (racing heart,
high blood pressure, and chest pains) and
paranoia,
hallucinations,
and
panic
attacks.
Patients with the syndrome known as
“excited delirium” from taking bath salts
also may have dehydration, breakdown of
skeletal muscle tissue, and kidney failure.
Intoxication has caused death.
Hallucinogenic and stimulant
effects of Bath Salts
• A recent study found that MDPV—the most
•
common manmade cathinone found in the blood
and urine of patients admitted to emergency
departments after taking bath salts—raises brain
dopamine in the same way as cocaine but is at
least 10 times stronger.
The hallucinatory effects often reported in users
of bath salts are similar to the effects caused by
other drugs such as MDMA or LSD. These drugs
raise
levels
of
another
neurotransmitter,
serotonin, in a way that is similar to MDMA.
Gravel (synthetic cathinone
cathinone))
.
Gravel (synthetic cathinone
cathinone))
• Gravel is a highly addictive form of
synthetic
cathinone..
cathinone
Its
primary
component, alpha
alpha--PVP, is often used in
combination with other drugs
drugs.. Seizures of
the drug have been found to contain
methamphetamine, Klonopin
Klonopin,, and bath
salts..
salts
DXM based drugs (cold
medicine)
Lemon Drop (DXM)
.
Lemon Drop
• Lemon Drop is a homemade hallucinogen
produced by mixing a painter’s solvent
(Naphtha with ammonia, Robitussin Cough
Syrup, Sucrets or Vicks Formula 44).
Lighter fluid can be used to replace
Naphtha. The mixture is heated to extract
the DXM (Dextromethorophan). Lemon
juice or Country Time powder is added and
cooled, which causes the juice/lemonade
and DXM to bond. DXM has been a long
running form of legal high and various
recipes have been published.
Triple C’s (hallucinogen, sedative)
Triple C’s (hallucinogen, sedative)
Coricidin HBP is an over-the-counter drug containing
dextromethorphan (cough suppressant, dissociative),
Acetominophen (pain reliever, dangerous at high dose),
Pseudoepherine (nasal decongestant, also risky at high
dose). In large doses dextromethorphan can cause
hallucinations. There is a risk of coma, a dangerous
decrease in breathing, and even seizures. The abuse of
cough medications including DXM can contain other
ingredients, such as acetaminophen, which can be very
dangerous when taken in large quantities. For example,
large quantities of acetaminophen can damage the liver.
Legal drugs
Another New Designer Drug
MXE, M-Ket, Mexxy or Kmax
MXE or Methoxetamine is a new designer
“research
chemical”
taken
for
its
hallucinogenic and dissociative effects. It’s
usually sold as a white powder. Although not
currently scheduled under the U.S. Controlled
Substance Act, MXE is considered to be an
analog of the drug Ketamine. However, MXE
is longer acting and more potent than Ketamine.
(Science Daily)
Pump It Powder
(stimulant and hallucinogen)
.
Pump It Powder (stimulant and
hallucinogen)
This is another new synthetic drug advertised as
an “enhanced plant vitamin” labeled
“not-intended-for-human-consumption” .
One of the primary ingredients is Geranamine or
Methylhexanamine, which is an amphetaminerelated stimulant and decongestant found
naturally
in
the
geranium
plant.
Methylhexanamine hasn’t been widely studied
and isn’t listed as an illegal substance under
U.S. law.
Signs and Symptoms of Pump It
Signs and symptoms are increased heart rate
and body temperature, dilated pupils, sensory
distortions and psychotic symptoms. The onset
of effects may be delayed which may lead to
taking more of the contents and increasing the
chances of overdose. The high lasts 4-12
hours. Some users have suffered seizures,
hallucinations and paranoia. It produces effects
considered to be more powerful than cocaine
and methamphetamine.
Marketing of the drug Pump It
Pump-It has been sold at gas stations,
convenience stores, novelty shops and on the
Internet, and appears to be most popular in the
Midwest states. Pump-It is usually packaged in a
500 mg or 1000 mg tin container and costs
around $30 for a 500 mg.
Kratom (stimulant and sedative)
Kratom
• WILMINGTON, NC (WECT) - The DEA calls
•
Kratom one of its "drugs of concern." It's
legal and it's growing in popularity in
Wilmington.
Kratom comes from the Mitragyna
Speciosa plant indigenous to Southeast
Asia, primarily in Thailand. It acts as a
stimulant at lower doses with effects to
include alertness, physical energy,
talkativeness and giddiness. With higher
doses, Kratom mimics an opiate with
sedative effects and euphoria. These
effects are usually felt within 5–10
minutes after ingestion and the high can
last from 2–5 hours.
Negative Side Effects of Kratom
• Negative side effects include nausea,
sweating, itching, dry mouth and
constipation. Long-term use can
potentially result in anorexia, insomnia,
weight loss and in some cases psychotic
episodes, such as confusion, delusions and
hallucinations.
Marketing of Kratom
Kratom is typically sold via the Internet, at
convenience stores and head shops in the form of
green leaves (whole or crushed) and green
powder or pills (capsules). Individuals can ingest
it orally, smoke it or drink it as a tea when in leaf
form. Kratom has been sold as incense with labels
on the package stating “not for human
consumption,” resembling the packaging and
marketing common with Spice and Bath Salts.
The DEA’s Office of Diversion Control states
Kratom is a drug and chemical of concern with no
legitimate medical use, but it remains legal to sell
and use.
At least three states, Indiana, Tennessee and
Vermont, have banned Kratom and others are
considering a ban.
Kava (left) and Kratom (right) are
being served up in Wilmington
Kava in Wilmington, N.C.
• April 24th, 2014. People drink Kava, a muddy
•
•
•
looking and tasting substance, to relax.
"It's been described as Cape Fear River
water,"
water
," Boyatt said. "Somebody said it tastes
like summer camp. Most people say it tastes
like mud."
Kava can cause mouth numbness, which is why
in some countries it is used as a local anesthetic
for dental work.
(WECT)
Kava (sedative)
Kava (sedative)
• There are safety concerns about Kava
Kava.. Many cases
of liver damage and even some deaths have been
traced to kava use
use.. Kava has been associated with
liver--related
liver
injuries,
including
hepatitis,
cirrhosis, and liver failure
failure.. As a result, Kava has
been banned from the market in Switzerland,
Germany,
and
Canada..
Canada
Kava is used for anxiety
anxiety,, stress, and restlessness,
and treat sleep problems
problems.. It is also used for
attention deficit
deficit--hyperactivity disorder (ADHD
ADHD),
),
epilepsy,, psychosis, depression
epilepsy
depression,, migraines and
other headaches
headaches,, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS),
common cold and other respiratory tract
infections, tuberculosis
tuberculosis,, muscle pain
pain,, and cancer
prevention..
prevention
Mary Jane’s Relaxing Soda
(Anti--Energy Drink(Anti
Drink-sedative type
effect)
.
Anti-Energy Drinks
• Commercial bottlers have now produced
drinks like Sippin Syrup, Unwind and Mary
Jane’s Relaxing Soda which are sold at
convenience stores and online and are
advertised as an “Extreme Relaxation
Beverage.”
These
products
contain
sedating-type
ingredients,
such
as
Melatonin, Valerian root and Kava.
Effects of AntiAnti-Energy Drinks
• Effects are similar to alcohol intoxication or cold
medicines. Anti-energy drinks have warning
labels stating “This product may cause
drowsiness … Not recommended more than 2
servings within a 24-hour period”. These products
are abused in a manner similar to cough syrup or
cold medicines.
Lazy Cakes and ½ Baked Brownzz
(sedative type effect)
½ Baked Brownzz advertisement
“A great way to relieve tension or take the edge
off after a long day at work or home…”
Powered by Sippin Syrup’s natural proprietary
relaxation blend including chamomile, lavender,
valerian root, rose hips, l-theanine (People use
theanine for treating anxiety and high blood
pressure-WebMD) , hops, St John’s Wort, skullcap
and kava extracts and melatonin. “So...If your
amped or want to decompress here’s the
solution.”
Lazy Cakes have been sold in convenient stores in
N.C.
Valerian Root (sedative)
Valerian Root (sedative)
• Valerian is most commonly used for sleep
disorders, especially the inability to sleep
(insomnia).. It is frequently combined with hops,
(insomnia)
lemon balm, or other herbs that also cause
drowsiness.. Some people who are trying to
drowsiness
withdraw from the use of “sleeping pills” use
Valerian to help them sleep after they have
tapered the dose of the sleeping pill
pill.. There is
some scientific evidence that Valerian works for
sleep disorders, although not all studies are
positive..
positive
Melatonin
Melatonin is a hormone made by the pineal gland , a small
gland in the brain
brain.. Melatonin helps control your sleep and
wake cycles
cycles.. You can also buy it as a supplement
supplement.. Your body
has its own internal clock that controls your natural cycle of
sleeping and waking hours
hours.. In part, your body clock
controls how much Melatonin your body makes
makes.. Normally,
Melatonin levels begin to rise in the mid
mid-- to late evening,
remain high for most of the night, and then drop in the early
morning hours
hours..
Light affects how much melatonin your body produces
produces..
During the shorter days of the winter months, your body
may produce melatonin either earlier or later in the day
than usual
usual.. This change can lead to symptoms of seasonal
affective disorder (SAD
(SAD),
), or winter depression
depression..
Common drugs used by
Adolescents in North Carolina
Common drugs used by adolescents in North
Carolina differ by region
region.. What is popular in one
county may not be widely used in the adjacent
county.. The top three drugs of choice by
county
adolescents in North Carolina are alcohol,
marijuana, then synthetic marijuana
marijuana.. A trend
during the last ten years is an increase in opiate
use.. Not only are teens using nonprescription
use
pills, they are using heroin and street
methadone..
methadone
2012--2013 Illicit Use of Drugs among
2012
12th Graders Nationwide
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2012
Marijuana--36.4 %
Marijuana
Synthetic MarijuanaMarijuana-11.3 %
Adderall--7.6 %
Adderall
Vicodin--7.5 %
Vicodin
Cough MedicineMedicine-5.6 %
Tranquilizers--5.3 %
Tranquilizers
Hallucinogens--4.8 %
Hallucinogens
Sedativies--4.5 %
Sedativies
Salvia--4.4 %
Salvia
Oxycontin--4.3 %
Oxycontin
MDMA (Ecstasy)(Ecstasy)-3.8 %
Inhalants--2.9 %
Inhalants
Cocaine (any form)form)-2.7 %
Ritalin--2.6 %
Ritalin
2013
36.4 %
7.9 %
8.7 %
5.3 %
5.0 %
4.6 %
4.5 %
4.8 %
3.4 %
3.6 %
2.5 %
2.6 %
2.3 %
2013 national Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey
How are Illegal Drugs Coming in to
North Carolina?
• Methamphetamine production laboratories
•
frequently are located in the mountains and
woods of western and central North Carolina and
cannabis cultivation is widespread in areas
including the Pisgah and Nantahala National
Forests in the western part of the state.
Most drugs are transported into and through
North Carolina via private and commercial
vehicles. Criminal groups commonly use
interstate highways to transport drugs into the
state for distribution in local communities.
How are Illegal Drugs Coming in
to North Carolina?
• Mexican criminal groups, in particular, take
•
advantage of the large volume of goods shipped
in tractortractor-trailers from Mexico to North Carolina
to transport drugs into the state. Criminal groups
also use commercial buses and passenger trains
to transport drugs into North Carolina, though on
a more limited basis.
Criminal groups also transport drugs into and
through North Carolina by air. North Carolina's air
transportation network includes the
Charlotte/Douglas, RaleighRaleigh-Durham, Piedmont
Triad, and Wilmington International Airports.
How are Illegal Drugs Coming in
to North Carolina?
• Criminal groups sometimes transport drugs into North
Carolina via package delivery services.
• North Carolina has two deepwater ports: Wilmington and
Morehead City. Legitimate goods are received at these ports
of entry from commercial vessels arriving primarily from the
Far East and Europe. Very few drug seizures occur at these
ports.
• Mexican criminal groups are the dominant transporters of
cocaine and marijuana in North Carolina. These criminal
groups also distribute methamphetamine and a limited
amount of heroin. Mexican criminal groups routinely use
Mexican illegal immigrants in North Carolina as couriers to
transport cocaine, marijuana, and methamphetamine.
Information Sources
• www.nida.nih.gov
• www.webmd.com
• www.lawofficer.com/article/investigation
/emerging-drug
/emergingdrug--trends
• National Institute of Health
• Monitoring the Future surveysurvey-2013
• NDIC
NDIC--National Drug Intelligence Center
• WECT (Wilmington News Station)
• The News and Observer
• DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration)
• WPD and New Hanover County Sheriff’s Dept.
Information Sources
• Project KnowKnow-Understanding Addiction
• North Carolina Department of Justice
• North Carolina SBI
• The Brookhaven Natural Laboratory
• Regional Organized Crime Information
Center
Pervitin (Methamphetamine)
• Pervitin is methamphetamine that was produced
by a German company in 1938. It was used by
German soldiers in WWII. Adolf Hitler’s personal
physician gave him three injections of liquid
methamphetamine daily during WWII.