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ANCIENT GREECE
Day 1
GREEK GEOGRAPHY
 located on ________________________Peninsula
 Located in ________________________________Sea
• Aegean Sea (Greece / Asia Minor)
• Ionian Sea (Greece / Italy)
 ¾’s mountainous
• Hard to __________________________
• Promoted Development of Individual City-States
2 Main City-States
 Sparta
 Athens
ANCIENT SPARTA
725 BC
640 BC
Messenean War
Sparta attacks Messenea
need _____________________for growing
population
Spartans defeated the Messeneans
• turned them into slaves = ____________
Helot Revolt
Helots almost won
Sparta feared future revolts, so Sparta
developed the Code of ________________
• turned Sparta into a ________________
society
CODE OF LYCURGUS
•Total _______________and Obedience to Sparta
•”Live to Die” for Sparta
•“2 ways to get a tombstone on your grave
die in ___________// die in ____________
Kryptiea
“death squads” to eliminate
______________________ leaders
SPARTAN AGOGE
Physical training and Education for Spartan males
Birth
•unhealthy babies sent to hills to die
•get rid of ___________________________________
Age 7 ________________________Camp
•begin learning discipline, obedience, training
Age 12
War Games
•“cloak and barefoot”
•Spartan Black Broth (Blood Broth)
SPARTAN AGOGE
Physical training and Education for Spartan males
Age 20
•became a part time _________________________________
•considered a citizen and could marry, but had to stay in barracks
Age 30 ”_____________________________”
•Considered a “____________________Citizen”
•could vote in the _______________________________
•could live at home
Age ______________
•Retire
SPARTAN WOMEN
SPARTAN WOMEN
“Breeding Machines”
“________________________________” = most important function
mothers with numerous sons were given “special status”
“return carrying your shield or carried on it”
Mom’s MUST be physically fit
produce ___________________________________kids
women exercised nude
not being fit was an embarrassment
ANCIENT
Day 2
Athens
___________________________controlled society
• wealthy
• misused their power
• made up ____________________________
• Soldiers on horseback
Growing need for “__________________” in the military
• ______________________________
• Small farmers/Commoners
ANCIENT Athens
Small farmers/Commoners began to demand more political power
• When they were fighting, they could not ________________
• they could not produce crops to sell to pay their bills
ATHENIAN REFORMERS
621 BC
_____________________
• 1st to ______________________________________
• established harsh punishments
• prevent people from breaking laws
• “Death penalty”
• could become a “_____________” for not paying debts
Draco made things ______________instead of _____________
ANCIENT Athens
ATHENIAN REFORMERS
594 BC -- __________________________
“Removal of Burdens”
• Cancelled all land debts
• ______________________people enslaved for not paying debts
Improved the situation, but did not solve the problem
• Aristocrats still had too much _______________________
546 BC -- PEISISTRATUS
1)reduced __________
2)gave _______loans to build up farms
reforms helped, but did not solve problems…Aristocrats still had power
527 BC -- HIPPIAS
• originally continued the reforms of Peisistratus
• became very harsh after his brother was killed
ANCIENT Athens
510 BC
_______________________overthrew Hippias
•began setting up democratic reforms
• Aristocrats were upset at and united to overthrow
Cleisthenes
508 BC
“______________________________Revolt”
• Commoners overthrew the Aristocrats
__________time in history that commoners
successfully overthrew their government
•asked Cleisthenes to return and develop a new
government
•he had to set up a “revolutionary government” for a
“revolutionary situation”
ANCIENT Athens
GOVERNMENT CREATED BY CLEISTHENES
1. ATHENIAN ________________________________________
• ________________citizens were members
• most powerful
• voted on bills
2. COUNCIL OF 500
• Proposed bills
3. LOTTERY SYSTEM
• reduce influence of money
4. OSTRACISM
• remove ______________that were UNPOPULAR OR TOO POWERFUL
5. WRIT OF UNCONSTITUTIONALITY
• remove BAD __________and the POLITICIANS that proposed the law
6. JURY SYSTEM
• 101 to 1001 members
ANCIENT Athens
CLEISTHENES had created the world’s 1st ___________
Government by ________________________
“Father of Democracy”
White Pebble – “__________” vote
Black Pebble – “__________” vote
PERSIAN WARS
Day 3
Greeks began developing Colonies in __________Minor
547 BC
Persian King Cyrus conquered Asia Minor
made Greeks:
1. fight in military
2. pay taxes
LOST ABILITY TO _____________________________
499 BC
Greeks in Asia Minor rebelled against Persians
__________sent troops to support the revolt
1
490 BC
PERSIAN
WAR
King Darius sent troops to invade Greece for
sticking their noses in the Persian’s business
BATTLE OF ____________________________
Persian’s Plan
1. Attack from Marathon
2. Sail around to southern Athens and attack
Greeks “surprise attack” the Persians…Persians ______
 Persians got back on their ships and tried to sail
around and attack Athens
______________________ran 26 miles to tell the Athenians
they had won and to not open up the gates of the city
Persians did not attack and returned to Persia
nd
2
480 BC
PERSIAN WAR
King _____________________attacked Greece
__________________for losing 1st Persian war
+ 350,000 soldiers
10,000 “Immortals”
BATTLE OF __________________________________
Strategic location - mountain pass on route to Athens (roughly 45’ wide)
Spartan King _________________________led 300 Spartans
“Come home carrying your shields or carried on it”
“Sire Only” mission
Suicide mission
_________________, Greek Traitor, told Persians of way around pass
Allow _______________________time to evacuate
nd
2
PERSIAN WAR
BATTLE OF SALAMIS
Athenian navy to lure Persian navy into the Straits of
Salamis
straits were narrow and shallow
acted as a “funnel”
Athenian Navy ________________the Persian Navy
479 BC
BATTLE OF PLATAEA
Greeks defeated remaining Persian army
nd
2
PERSIAN WAR
RESULTS OF PERSIAN WARS
Increase in Greek Pride
Preserved ________________________________
Athens became leading Greek city-state
led to beginning of Athenian
“____________________________”
formation of the ___________________League
•Greek _____________________to stop further Persian attacks
Set stage for war between Athens and Sparta
ATHENIAN GOLDEN AGE
____________ became leading Greek polis
_____________ became leading Athenian politician
 used $$ from DELIAN LEAGUE to achieve goals
1)Expand ______________________________
 began paying office holders
2)Expand Athenian Empire
 COLONIES
 NAVY
3)Rebuild // Beautify Athens
o WALLS of ________________________________
o ________________________________
PELOPONNESIAN WAR
REASONS FOR WAR
1)Sparta felt “______________________” and
____“______________” the growing power and actions of
Athens
 walls
 navy
 Delian League (“Athenian Empire”)
Sparta created the “PELOPONNESIAN LEAGUE” to challenge
the Delian League
• “rival alliances” create “powder kegs”
2)Athenian _________________________
PELOPONNESIAN WAR
ATHENIAN PROBLEMS
1)430 BC
__________________________hit Athens
1/3 of people died - including Pericles
last capable ruler of Athens
2)415 BC
Athenian NAVY defeated
3)Athens moving towards “Mob Rule”
404 BC
_____________ surrenders to _______________
Athens destroyed
protective walls torn down
END OF ATHENIAN _____________________