Download Parts of Speech Review

PARTS OF SPEECH
REVIEW
Nouns, Pronouns,Verbs, Adjectives,
Adverbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions,
Interjections
NOUNS
Definition: A noun is a person (girl), place
(house), thing (apple), or idea (love)
Nouns are broken up into different
categories such as, common and proper,
concrete and abstract, singular and plural,
possessive, collective, and irregular
A common noun names a general person,
place, or thing.
Examples: I went to the city.
The man was kind.
A proper noun names a specific person,
place, or thing. Always capitalize the first
letter of a proper noun.
Examples: I went to San Francisco.
Mr. Brown was kind.
My new puppy, Perro, is playful
A concrete noun is a noun that is physical. It
is something you can touch, or pick up.
Examples: desk, door, pencil, eraser
An abstract noun is not physical. It is still
there, but you can’t see it or feel it in a
physical way.
Examples: love, kindness, sleep, day
A collective noun is a noun that names a
group.
Examples: club, herd, army, troop
It is one made up of many.
Possessive nouns show who or what owns
something. Singular nouns are made
possessive by adding an apostrophe and then
an s.
Example: The girl’s kite flew high in the sky.
Plural possessive nouns are formed by
adding an apostrophe after the s.
Example: The girls’ kite flew high in the sky.
When a plural noun does not end with an s,
and apostrophe and an s are added.
Example: The men’s truck was dirty.
Irregular nouns are usually plural nouns that
don’t follow the rules. Sometimes you don’t
simply add s or es to make a noun plural.
Instead, you may have to change the spelling,
add a different suffix, or leave it alone.
Examples: child becomes children, mouse
becomes mice, half becomes halves, sheep
stays sheep
PRONOUNS
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a
noun.
Example: John rode on John’s tractor. -ORJohn rode on his tractor.
Common pronouns include: he, she, it, we, they,
them, us, our, his, her, and I.
The noun that the pronoun refers to is called
its antecedent.
A singular pronoun takes the place of a singular
noun.
Example: The girl went to the store. She
bought some milk.
A plural pronoun takes the place of a plural
noun.
Example: The cats played with the yarn. I
laughed at them.
Possessive pronouns are used to show that
something or someone belongs to someone
else.
Example: Frank’s hamburger had mustard on
it. -OR- His hamburger had mustard on it.
PRONOUNS I AND ME
The pronoun I is used in the subject of a
sentence. The pronoun me is used in the
predicate of a sentence.
Kim and (I, me) walked to the deli.
Kim went to the deli with (I, me).
Personal pronouns refer to the person speaking
(first person), the person spoken to (second
person), or the person, place, or thing spoken
about (third person).
Some first person examples include: I, me, my,
us, we
Second person: you, your, yours
Third person: he, him, she, her, it, its, they, their
A demonstrative pronoun points out a
specific person, place, or thing
Examples: this, that, these, those
Interrogative pronouns are those that ask
questions. They do not have antecedents.
Examples: what, which, who, whom, whose
Indefinite pronouns refer to a person, place,
or thing that is not specifically named
Examples: both, few, many all, any, more,
some, none, everybody, anybody, something,
someone
VERBS
A verb is a word that expresses action or a
state of being.
An action verb tells what the subject of a
sentence is doing.
Examples: jumped, walking, drinking, goes
Marla goes to the store.
A linking or being verb joins the subject and
predicate of a sentence.
Examples: am, is, are, was, were
Matt was at the store.
To form the past tense of most verbs, add –
ed
Example: jump becomes jumped
To form the present tense of most verbs,
add –s
Example: speak-speaks
To form the future tense of most verbs, add
the helping verb will before the main verb
Example: fix becomes will fix
Irregular verbs are a bit more difficult
because to form the past tense, you don’t
add –ed. The entire word will change.
Examples: eat-ate
Do-did
Think-thought
Know-knew
ADJECTIVES
Adjectives modify or tell more about nouns
or pronouns.
Examples: shiny spaceship
Green alien
Big eyes
Tiny hand
Beautiful planet
Positive adjectives are the original form of
the word
Examples: old, good, interesting
Comparative adjectives compare two nouns
or pronouns
Examples: older, better, more interesting
Superlative adjectives compare more than
two nouns or pronouns
Examples: oldest, best, most interesting
ADVERBS
An adverb is a word that describes a verb.
An adverb tells how, when, or where the
verb happens.
Many adverbs that tell how end with the
letters ly.
Example: Joan painted slowly. Slowly
describes the action painted.
When you compare two actions, the adverb
will often end with the letters er or est.
Example: Birds fly higher than insects.
Higher describes the verb fly.
Airplanes fly highest of all. Highest describes
the action fly.
PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions show a relationship between one
person, place, or thing and another.
Example: You are sitting in a seat in the
classroom. Your feet are on the floor.
The preposition in each sentence show where
you are in relation to the seat and classroom
and where your feet are in relation to the floor.
A prepositional phrase must begin with a
preposition and end with a noun.
In the same sentence, Your feet are on the
floor, the preposition is on and floor is the
noun. The prepositional phrase is on the
floor.
CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions join words, phrases, or clauses.
They are often used to combine simple
sentences to make compound sentences.
The three most common conjunctions are:
and, but, or.
INTERJECTIONS
Interjections are feeling words. They show
emotion in a sentence.
Interjections are always separated from the
rest of the sentence using a comma or
exclamation point.
Examples: Ouch! That really hurt.
Oh, are you okay?
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
The subject of a sentence must agree with
the verb.
Examples: Ben reads a book.
Ben and Sam read a book.
How would we complete this sentence?
Billy (want, wants) to buy a new skateboard.
RUN-ONS AND FRAGMENTS
A sentence that is not complete is called a
fragment.
Example: Fell in the lake!
A sentence that has more that one complete
thought is called a run-on.
Example: He dribbled down the floor his
foot slipped on a wet spot.
FRAGMENTS AND RUN-ONS
Which of the following sentences is
complete, a fragment, or a run-on?
Burned out of control.
Jerry crossed the finish line one-tenth of a
second ahead of Johnathan.
My shoelace caught in the escalator I didn’t
know what to do.
SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
All complete sentences must have both a
subject and a predicate.
The subject is what the sentence is about.
Example: My closet has lots of clothes in it.
The predicate shows what the subject is doing
or being.
Example: A buzzing bee looked for nectar in the
flower.
SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
The simple subject of a sentence is just the
noun or pronoun in the subject.
The simple predicate of a sentence is just the
verb in the predicate.
What is the simple subject and simple predicate
in this sentence?
My notebook is filled with stories that I wrote.
FOUR KINDS OF SENTENCES
Each type of sentence has a certain job.
A declarative sentence is a basic statement.
Example: Seven silly snails crawled along the
sidewalk.
An imperative sentence makes a command or
demand.
Example: Close the door.
These types of sentences both end with a period
(.).
FOUR KINDS OF SENTENCES
An exclamatory sentence shows emotion
and uses an exclamation point.
Example: How big the monster’s teeth are!
An interrogative sentence asks a question.
Example: Did Susie leave for school yet?