Download Noogoora Burr - Narrabri Shire Council

Noogoora Burr
Class 4
Weed Control
Management Plan
Asteraceae (daisy family)
Family Name:_________________________________________________
Xanthium strumarium (collective name for similar species)
Scientific Name:_______________________________________________
Noogoora Burr, Cockle Burr, California Burr
Common Names:______________________________________________
Weed status: The abovementioned weed is a Class 4 noxious weed declared
under section Control Order 28 of the Noxious Weeds Act 1993.
Plan Period
Starting Date: 01 Sept 2011
Control Requirements:
Review Date: 30 June 2016
(Unless otherwise revoked)
Under Control Order 28, Noxious Weeds Act 1993 it is required that:
“The growth of the plant must be managed in manner that reduces its numbers, spread and
incidence and continuously inhibits its reproduction.”
Control Methods/Techniques: Individual plants and small infestations must be
totally controlled.
Manual/Mechanical:Hand removal of young plants, hoeing, chipping or slashing of
older plants before seeding commences. If after seeding plants should be carefully
removed and burnt to prevent spread of seed.
Registered Herbicide Application Rates:
2,4 D amine 625g/L (various trade names) at 800ml—1.1L /ha (seedlings only)
Metsulfuron methyl 600g/Kg (various trade names) at 7.5g per 100L of water
MCPA amine 500g/L (various trade names) at 1 –2 L /ha (spray young seedlings only)
Fluroxypyr 33g/l (Starane Advanced®) 45ml in 100L water (apply to actively growing plants,
seedlings and young plants to 40cm high)
(Note: Not all herbicides registered for these purposes may be listed. Consult Weed Officers for more options).
Optimum months for control:
F M A M J


J
A S
O N D

Critical Comments:


Chemical: Spot spraying with hand gun or knapsack—thoroughly wetting leaves of
J
Spray or remove plants while actively growing before flowering and
preferably before seed set. Mature fruits are very easily spread causing long
term land contamination.
Because these burrs are annual weeds an infestation can eventually be
eradicated if seeding/fruiting is prevented.
Read MSDS and label of respective herbicides.
actively growing plants before seed set. Many chemicals are registered for use on
Noogoora Burr depending on growth stage and/or situation.

Biological: There are no successful biological control agents, although a rust
fungis Puccinia xanthii has a limited effect.
Linkages to other Plans / Strategies
National Weed Strategy and control plans, NSW Weed Strategy and control plans.
NIWAC Regional Weed Strategy and control plans.
Area of Operation:
Narrabri Shire Council (NSC) is in the heart of the Namoi Valley with an area
of 13,030km² and population of 13,507. NSC includes the towns of Baan Baa,
Bellata, Boggabri, Edgeroi, Gwabegar, Narrabri, Pilliga and Wee Waa. The
shire’s largest town of Narrabri is positioned on the crossroads of the Newell
and Kamilaroi highways.
For further information contact:
Narrabri Shire Council
Phone: (02) 6799 6702 Fax: (02) 6799 6888
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.narrabri.nsw.gov.au
References:
DPI Primefacts, Noxious and Environmental Weed Control Handbook 5th edition,
2011 NSW DPI.
Northern Inland Weeds Advisory Committee:
Website: www.niwac.org
Noogoora Burr
Weed Profile
Sheet
Asteraceae (daisy family)
Family Name:_________________________________________________
Xanthium strumarium (collective name for similar species)
Scientific Name:_______________________________________________
Noogoora Burr, Cockle Burr, California Burr
Common Names:______________________________________________
Country of Origin: North and South America
Habit
Life Span: Summer growing annual plants.
Life Form: Single stemmed or multi branched, erect, annual herb usually to 1.5m but can reach 2.5m
tall.
Habitat
Prefers riparian areas and fertile soils. Tolerates flooding at all growth stages.
Environmental
.
Impact:
.
Existing: Seedlings are poisonous to domestic stock. Burrs contaminate wool.
Potential: Plants compete with pasture production for space and nutrients. Plants also enter natural
systems competing against endemic native species.
Reproduction
Flowers: Inconspicuous flowers formed in
clusters at the ends of branches. Flowering occurs
from late February to April. Both male and female
flowers are bourne on the same plant.
Fruit: Oval or egg shaped 12-20mm long with
many hooked spines. Immature fruits are green
and fleshy, mature fruits are brown and woody.
Seeds: There are two seeds to each burr, one
slightly larger than the other, flattened on one
side. One will germinate the first season, the other
may lay dormant for many years.
.
Characteristics
Leaves: Large, grape or maple leaf shaped. Dark
green above, paler beneath, distinguished by
prominent purple veins and stems.
Stem/Bark: Green zig-zagged stems are mottled
with purple blotches.
Underground Structures: Stout taproot and
extensive lateral roots.
Dispersal: The hooked spines of the burr attach themselves to the fur of
animals. Also easily distributed by flood water.
Confusing Species: Californian and Cockle Burr are very similar but flower at different times. They have no purple colouring and have different
shapes and sizes of burrs.
Actual scientific names—Noogoora Burr X. occidentale,
Cockle Burr X. italicum, California Burr X. orientale