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164 FLORA OF TAIWAN narrowly triangular, entire or sometimes minutely scabrous. Corolla tubularcampanulate, funnelform or salverform, widened upwards, 5- (rarely 4-) lobed, the lobes contorted or imbricate in bud, ovate or triangular, the sinuses plicate, produced with 5 (rarely 4) appendages between the lobes or none adherent to the ripened capsule. Stamens as many as and alternate with corolla-lobes, inserted below or on middle of corolla-tube, usually included or rarely exserted beyond the corolla, the anthers versatile, straight or recurved after anthesis, the filaments filiform, the base dilated. Ovary ellipsoid to cylindric, 1-locular, stipitate; ovules numerous; style short, persistent, or none; stigma bifurcate, the ends somewhat revolute. Capsules sessile or stipitate, included or exserted beyond the persistent corolla, 2-valved, dehiscent; seeds small, numerous, winged or not. About 500 species of wide distribution in the subfrigid or temperate zones, and high mountains in the Tropics; 12 taxa in Taiwan. KEY TO THE SPECIES AND VARIETIES 1. Leaves without white or cartilaginous margins, sessile; flowers solitary or 2-4-fasciculate at the end of the branches, 5- (sometimes 4-) merous; capsules long-stipitate ..... ...................................................................................... 3. G. atkinsonii formosana 1. Leaves with cartilaginous or white margins, sessile or short petiolate; flowers solitary at the end of branches, 5-merous; capsules with short or long stipes. 2. Stems prostrate: leaves with thin white margins, short-petiolate; style filiform, long; capsules included in the persistent corolla, short-stipitate ……… 7. G. parvifolia 2. Stems erect or ascending; leaves with cartilaginous margins, sessile; style short or none; capsules often exserted beyond the persistent corolla, long-stipitate. 3. Leaves flat, loosely arranged on stem; corolla-lobes acute or acuminate, sometimes minutely aristate at tip. 4. Calyx-lobes broad, ovate to lanceolate or spatulate, the margins minutely scabrous. 5. Stems unbranched; leaves very thick, the apex obtuse; ovary sessile ............ ............................................................................... 10. G. tentyoensis 5. Stems often branched; leaves not as above; ovary stalked. 6. Anthers narrow, linear, 1-3 mm long. 7. Calyx-lobes equal in length, shorter than calyx-tube, ovate-lanceolate, elliptic-ovate or spatulate. 8. Medium-sized plants,10-20 cm tall; flowers rather larger, 2025 mm long, yellow or yellowish; corolla-appendages obtuse at apex, obscurely undulate-dentate or entire................................... ........................................................ 8a. G. scabrida scabrida 8. Very minute plants, less than 3 cm tall; flowers small, less than 10 mm long, whitish; corolla-appendages cuspidate-acute at apex, entire............................................ 8b. G. scabrida horaimontana 7. Calyx-lobes unequal in length, as long as calyx-tube, narrowly lanceolate ......................................................l.G. angusta 6. Anthers broad, oblong, 0.3 mm long ............................ 11. G. tenuissima 4. Calyx-lobes narrow, linear. 5. Corolla-appendages lobed or bidentate at apex; calyx-lobes linear, longer than the calyx-tube. 6. Plants medium-sized, 15-20 cm tall; flowers larger, 18-20 mm long; corolla-lobes broadly ovate, the appendages 2-3-dentate or -lobed, irregularly serrulate at tip ......................................... 5. G. itzershanensis 6. Plants very small, 2-4 cm tall; flowers smaller, less than 15 mm long; corolla-lobes lanceolate, the appendages bidentate or entire ........ ............................................................................... 6. G. loureirii