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Download the cyclamen mite - University of Guelph Laboratory Services
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PEST DIAGNOSTIC CLINIC Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph 95 Stone Rd. West, Guelph, Ontario N1H 8J7 Phone: (519) 767-6299 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.guelphlabservices.com THE CYCLAMEN MITE (Acari: Acariformes: Prostigmata: Tarsonemidae) The cyclamen mite (Phytodromus pallidus (Banks)) is a serious pest of many ornamental flowers and shrubs such as cyclamen, African violet, begonia, gerbera, ivy, chrysanthemums, geranium, fuchsia, larkspur, petunia, snapdragon, etc. Under certain conditions, field strawberries can also be affected. The cyclamen mite is extremely small (0.2 mm) and usually inflicts heavy damage before it is detected. The foliage of infested plants develops a streaked or blotched appearance. Leaves and leaflets become wrinkled at the point of attack forming little pit-like depressions. New growth is stunted, giving the whole plant a cup-shaped appearance. Young leaves may Adult cylamen mites with eggs* be abnormally hairy, thickened, stiffened and brittle. Flower buds may fail to develop or, if they open, are likely to be distorted. African violets and cyclamen that are attacked may die or will grow so poorly that they may be discarded. Like spiders, cyclamen mites are arachnids but belong to a different order, the Acari. To survive, they require high relative humidity (80%-90%) and avoid light. They are thus found in unopened leaflets in the crowns of their hosts, between tightly packed young leaves in the leaf bud, or in the cup-like cavities of embryonic flower buds. The yellowish brown females lay 12 to 16 eggs (each 125 x 75μm) over a period of a week, in clusters of 2 or 3 located between the young leaves of the bud. The eggs hatch 3 to 7 days later. The larvae feed for 1 to 4 days and pupate for 2 to 7 days. The full life cycle requires 1 to 3 weeks. CONTROL Cyclamen mites are well protected by the leaf and flower buds, making them very difficult to control. Unless the plant is particularly valuable, it may be best to discard affected plants and obtain new, healthy ones. Keep new plants isolated until you can be sure no mites or insect pests are present. When buying plants, check them carefully for any signs of an infestation. Do not propagate new plants using leaves from infested plants. Please contact a local garden centre for product advice. Follow label directions to ensure safety and efficacy of each product Image source: *Manitoba Agriculture and Food - http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/insects/fad36s00.html. C. B. Kelly/M. Sabourin PDCF-096 (Revised 2012-06-25)