Download Transect + species presentation

Ecology
Sondre Iversen, August 2010
Use of transect as sampling tehnique
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Measuring the effect of abiotic factors on organisms within a habitat
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Environmental gradient
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A tape is layed on the ground, covering the preferable gradient in the
environment
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Abiotic factors found along the tape are noted down
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Two types: Line transect, belt transect
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Line transect:
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All organisms in contact with the tape is noted
Belt transect:
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All organisms within the marked quadrant is taken down.
Transect cont.
Niche consept
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The organism’s role in the ecosystem
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Spatial habitat:
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The area inhabited by the organism
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Organism causes change to the habitat
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Feeding activities:
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Helps in keeping other populations at a suitable level
Interaction
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Includes competition, herbivory, predation, parasitism,
mutualism
Types of interaction
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Competition:
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Two species rely on the same resource. One is
better adapted than the other
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Coyotes and red foxes
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Natterjack toad and common toad
Herbivory
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Primary consumer feeding on a producer
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Rabbits
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Humans or larvae etc...
Interaction cont.
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Predation
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Predator = consumer
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Consumer eating consumer
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Number of pray effect number of predators. Number of predators
effect number of pray
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Lynx and hare/deer
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Heron and frogs
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Parasitism
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Organism living on/off a host causing harm to the host.
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Depends on the host for partial or whole life cycle
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Plasmodium
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Leeches
Interaction cont.
• Mutualism
• Two species living together were both
benefit from the relationship
• Lichen
• Alagae and fungi
• Clown fish and sea anemones
• Mutualism, parasitism, (commensalism) are
all types of symbiosis