Download Minerals and Rocks Introduction

Minerals and Rocks
Introduction
Where do minerals come from?
What is the difference between a mineral and
a rock?
What are a few different types of minerals
that you can think of? Rocks?
Minerals and Rocks
Explicit Instruction
What is a Mineral?
◦ Formed by Earth’s natural processes
◦ Cannot contain C-C or C-H bonding
◦ Are solid at Earth’s surface and crystalline
◦ Composition is definite
Mineral Formation
◦ Mineral crystals may form as magma cools or lava hardens
◦ Minerals may from when water evaporates leaving the solid
crystals (precipitation)
◦ Pressure and temperature arrange atoms in a specific pattern to
form crystals
◦ Organisms may form inorganic minerals for protection or
support (ex. mollusk shells, coral)
Minerals and Rocks
Explicit Instruction
Rocks
◦ Rock is a naturally occurring solid mass of
minerals and mineral-like material.
◦ Rocks are formed from continual heating,
melting, cooling, weathering and erosion.
◦ Rocks are of three different types:
1. Igneous – rock formed from cooling
magma (ex. granite, basalt)
2. Sedimentary – rock that is exposed on
Earth’s surface and its conditions (ex.
coal, limestone, gypsum)
3. Metamorphic – rock exposed to heat
or pressure below the surface (ex.
marble)
Minerals and Rocks
Guided Practice
Directions: Pick out three mineral/rock
samples. Complete the table for the three
samples you picked out.
1. Write down the name of the sample you
picked out.
2. Describe the appearance of the sample.
3. Identify whether it is a rock or mineral.
Name
Description
Rock or Mineral?
Minerals and Rocks
Independent Practice
1.
What are the five criteria that define minerals?
What is a polymorph and how are they
possible?
2.
What is significant about the composition of a
mineral? Describe the eight properties of
minerals.
3.
What factor affects the size of the crystals in
minerals that form from magma or lava?
Explain your answer.
4.
What causes rocks to move, and how does that
movement relate to the rock cycle?