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Spine/Back Vocabulary 1. Afferent Nerve: Carries impulses to CNS, also known as sensory 2. Annulus Fibrosus: Rings of collagen fibers that surround disc 3. Atlas: 1st Cervical vertebrae, articulates with skull 4. Autonomic Nervous System: Division of PNS, deals with involuntary functions 5. Axial Loading: Mechanism of most serious cervical spine injuries 6. Axis: 2nd Cervical vertebrae, allows us to turn our heads 7. Bilateral: Involving both sides 8. Burner: Symptom of cervical nerve stretch syndrome 9. Central Nervous System (CNS): Composed of brain & spinal cord 10. Cervical Nerve Syndrome: Injury from forced lat. flexion 11. Cervical Vertebrae: Superior 7 bones of the spine 12. Coccyx: Last bone of the spinal column, “tail bone” 13. Cranial Nerve: 12 pairs of nerves that begin in the brain 14. Effectors: Organs that respond to a stimulus 15. Efferent Nerve: Carries impulses from CNS, also known as motor 16. Gray Matter: Inner part of spinal cord & outer part of brain 17. Intervertebral Disc Herniation: Nucleus pushes on Annulus, puts pressure on spinal cord/nerve 18. Kyphosis: “Round Back”, exaggerated thoracic curve 19. Lumbar Vertebrae: 5 vertebrae associated with the lower back 20. Lordosis: “Sway Back”, exaggerated lumbar curve 21. Meninges: Any of 3 membranes that enclose brain & spinal cord 22. Mixed Nerve: Nerve composed of efferent and afferent fibers 23. Motor Nerve: Carries impulses from CNS, also known as efferent 24. Neuropraxia: Cessation of nerve function w/out degeneration 25. Nucleus Pulposus: Jelly substance in center of vertebral disc 26. Odontoid Process: Bony projection on Axis, allowing rotation 27. Paresthesia: Sensation of tingling, crawling, or burning of the skin 28. Paraplegia: Paralysis of 2 lower limbs 29. Parasympathetic Nervous System: Inhibits actions of sympathetic system 30. Peripheral Nervous System: Communication link between body & CNS 31. Plexus: Network of spinal nerves 32. Quadriparesis: Partial paralysis of 4 limbs 33. Quadriplegia: Paralysis of 4 limbs 34. Receptor: Sensory nerve receives a stimulus & transmits it to CNS 35. Reflex: Involuntary reaction to a stimulus 36. Sacroiliac Joint: Area between Sacrum and Pelvis 37. Sacrum: Wedge-shaped bone below lumbar vertebrae 38. Scheurmann’s Disease: Degenerative condition of the spine 39. Sciatic Nerve: Largest nerve in the body, originates in sacral plexus 40. Sciatica: Inflammation of the sciatic nerve 41. Scoliosis: Lateral curvature of the spine 42. Sensory Nerve: Carries impulses to CNS, also known as afferent 43. Spinal Cord: Part of CNS within spinal column 44. Spinal Cord Shock: Transitory paralysis 45. Spinal Nerve: One of 31 pairs of nerves originating from spinal cord 46. Spinous Process: Bony protrusion off posterior of vertebrae 47. Spondylolisthesis: Forward slipping of the vertebrae 48. Spondylolysis: Fracture of the pars of lumbar vertebrae 49. Stimulus: Any change in the environment 50. Subcutaneous Spinous Process: The area just under the skin, over each protrusion of the vertebrae 51. Subluxation: Incomplete or partial dislocation of a joint 52. Sympathetic Nervous System: Prepares body for “fight or flight” 53. Thoracic Vertebrae: 12 bones of the spine located in the chest area 54. Transverse Process: Bony protrusions off the lateral sides of vertebrae 55. Unilateral: One side only 56. White Matter: Outer part of spinal cord & inner part of brain