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Transcript
Lab Practical Slides
{
And info you should know about them….
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protista
Uses contractile vacuole to
regulate osmotic pressure
Cilia on the outside of cell to
help with movement (these make
it fuzzy looking on the edge)
The large red spot in the center is
the nucleus
The clear-ish spot towards the
left (by the pointy end) is the
contractile vacuole
Slide #1 - Paramecium (@
100X) – Set #64 (circle 3)
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No domain/kingdom because “not
living”
Flu mutates rapidly, and recovery
from one form does NOT make you
immune to another form, hence
yearly flu shots
Polio doesn’t mutate rapidly, and
we have a vaccine to prevent the
only 3 forms of the virus out there
Other human diseases caused by
viruses are Smallpox, Chicken Pox,
Herpes, Measles, Mumps, Ebola
hemorrhagic fever, and HIV
Slide #2 – Human Viruses (Left Side Influenza @ 170,000x, & Right Side - Polio @
290,000X) – Set #97 (circle 3)
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
Contains molds, mildews, mushrooms,
and yeasts in this kingdom
Heterotrophic (can’t make their own
food)
Can be unicellular or multicellular
Many fungi have hyphae (finger-like
projections that absorb nutrients),
which create a mat called a mycelium
Sexual or asexual reproduction
Most of their life is spent in a haploid
(as opposed to diploid) state
Slide #3 – Mushroom (Left Side – Mushroom @ ½X,
& Right Side – Mushroom @ 400X) – Set 241 (circle 6)
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Domain Bacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus
(and membrane-bound organelle), have
circular chromosomes, are smaller than
Eukaryotic cells, and contain a
peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls
These are gram-negative bacteria shown,
which have a THIN peptidoglycan layer,
and stain pink in the Gram Stain. Gram
Positive bacteria would look purple after a
Gram Stain, as they have a THICK
peptidoglycan layer
Can be heterotrophs or autotrophs
Shapes of bacteria can be classified as
bacillus (rod), coccus (sphere), or spirillium
(helix) shaped – these are bacillus
Slide #4 – Gram-Negative Bacteria
(200X) – Set 241 (circle 2)
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{
Info
Domain Bacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus
(and membrane-bound organelle), have
circular chromosomes, are smaller than
Eukaryotic cells, and contain a
peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls
These are gram-positive bacteria shown,
which have a THICK peptidoglycan layer,
and stain purple in the Gram Stain. Gram
Negative bacteria would look pink after a
Gram Stain, as they have a THIN
peptidoglycan layer
Can be heterotrophs or autotrophs
The giant circle at the end of some of these
rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria are spores
being formed
Slide #5 – Gram-Positive Bacteria
(2,000X) – Set #20 (circle 6)
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protista
These are a multi-cellular,
photosynthetic, plant-like Protist
The little spheres inside the big
sphere are “daughter” volvox
that will be released when the
parent fills up with new
daughters
Slide #6 – Volvox (@ 150X)
– Set #12 (circle 5)
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protista
These are unicellular,
photosynthetic, plant-like
protists
Algae produce over 50% of the
world’s oxygen
Many small animals feed on the
algae
Algae are classified according to
their color (green, red, and
brown)
Slide #7 – Algae (@ 175X)
– Set #12 (circle 2)
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Protista
These are unicellular, nonphotosynthetic, animal-like
protists
Irregularly shaped, and can
change shape constantly
It has pseudopods (false-feet) to
help them with movement
Asexual reproduction, but can
also conjugate
Slide #8 – Amoeba proteus
-Set #12 (circle 3)
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
Reproduces by budding
Unicellular
Heterotrophic
Can grow aerobically or
anaerobically
When anaerobically grown, the
yeast ferment sugars to make
alcohol
Slide #9 – Saccharomycete Yeast
-Set #63 (circle 2)
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Domain Bacteria
Kingdom Eubacteria
Heterotrophic or Autotrophic
Unicellular
These are spherically-shaped (cocci)
bacteria. They are found in clusters of 4
(called tetrads)
It can be difficult to see the shape without a
higher power magnification, because
bacteria are so much smaller than
eukaryotic cells. 1000X magnification is
the minimum for good resolution of the
shapes of these bacteria (100X objective
lens x 10X ocular lens)
Slide #10 – Coccus Bacteria
- Set #19 (circle 2)
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
Phylum Basidiomycota
Take note of the cap, stalk,
ring (if present), volva (if
present), and gills
The basidia line the gills –
these are responsible for
producing the spores for
fungal reproduction
Slide #11 – White-Cap Mushroom
(@ 1X) – Petri Dish Sample
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Domain Eukarya
Kingdom Fungi
Phylum Ascomycota
Reproduces by budding
Unicellular
Heterotrophic
Can grow aerobically or
anaerobically
When anaerobically grown, the
yeast ferment sugars to make
alcohol
Slide #12 – Yeast (@ 1X) –
Petri Dish Sample
