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6-2.3 Plant Classification Assessment Name___Key______ Use your notes and your textbook (chapter 3) to complete this sheet. Word Bank (some words are used once and some are used more than once): leaves water embryo cotyledon roots flowerless xylem phloem not woody support seed coat largest wide small soft cone branching one smaller circular cones spores two cell ovary food evergreen three stems tube-like seed long four flowering needlelike seeds cone-bearing fruit Examples: mosses oak fruit pine grass trees **Plants can be classified based on how they absorb and circulate materials. Vascular Plants 1. This is the ___largest___ group in the Plant Kingdom. 2. These plants have a system for transporting _water___and __food____; therefore, they have true__roots____, __stems___, and __leaves____. 3. Vascular plants have __tube-like__ structures that provide __support__ and help circulate water and food throughout the plant. 4. _Xylem_____ transport water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. 5. _Phloem____ transport food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. 6. Examples include trees and many shrubs with _woody___ stems that grow very tall and grasses, dandelions, and tomato plants with _soft__ herbaceous stems. Nonvascular Plants 7. These plants do _not___ have a system for transporting water and food; therefore, they do _not_ have true roots, stems, or leaves. 8. They must obtain nutrients directly from the environment and distribute it from _cell___ to __cell__ throughout the plant. This usually results in these plants being very __small___ in size. 9. Examples include __mosses_____, liverworts, and hornworts. **Plants can be classified based on how they reproduce. Seed-producing 10. Seed-producing plants are plants that reproduce through __seeds_____. Seed plants make their own seeds. 11. Seeds contain the plant _embryo_____ (the beginnings of roots, stems, and leaves) and stored food (_cotyledons___) and are surrounded by a _seed__ _coat_. From those seeds, new plants grow. 12. There are two major groups of seed-producing plants: __flowering____ and __cone-bearing_. Spore-producing 13. Spore-producing plants are plants that produce __spores___ for reproduction instead of __seeds____. 14. Spores are much __smaller_ than seeds. Almost all __flowerless__ plants produce spores. Examples include _mosses_____ and ferns. **Seed-producing plants can be classified based on how they make seeds. Flowering Plants 15. Flowering plants grow their seeds inside an _ovary_____, which is in a flower. 16. The flower then becomes a __fruit______ containing the seeds. 17. Examples include most ___trees________, shrubs, vines, flowers, __fruits____, and vegetables. Cone-bearing Plants 18. Most cone-bearing plants are __evergreen_____ with __needlelike_____ leaves. 19. Conifers never have flowers but produce seeds in __cones_______. 20. Examples include __pine________, spruce, juniper, redwood, and cedar trees. **Flowering plants can be classified based on the type of seed. Monocot 21. A seed with _one____ food storage area is called a monocotyledon. 22. Flowers of monocots have either __three____ petals or multiples of three. 23. The leaves of monocots are slender and __long_____ with veins that are parallel to each other. 24. The vascular tube structures are usually scattered randomly throughout the __stem_______. 25. Examples include corn, rice, lilies, __grass____, and tulips. Dicot 26. A seed with __two____ food storage areas is called a dicotyledon. 27. Flowers of dicots have either __four__ or five petals or multiples of these numbers. 28. The leaves are __wide____ with __branching_ veins. 29. The vascular tubes are arranged in _circular___bundles. 30. Examples include roses, dandelions, beans, maple, and __oak_____ trees.