Download Quiz 2 Review Answers

Name: _____________________________
Chapter 2 Quiz Review Guide: Short Answers may be used.
(Quiz will be worth 20 points)
1. Be able to identify the following statements as pertaining to “geocentric theory” or “heliocentric
theory”:
a. Sun at the center
H
b. Earth at the center
G
c. Stationary earth
G
d. Spinning earth
H
e. Theory accepted during ancient times (BC)
f.
Theory held today
H
g. Named after Ptolemy
G
h. Named after Copernicus
G
H
i.
Planets appear to loop backwards because the earth passes them
H
j.
Planets appear to loop backwards because they travel in small circles called epicycles G
2. Match the following scientists to their major contribution: Newton, Galileo, Kepler, Tycho, and
Copernicus.
a. Formulated the heliocentric theory
C
b. Made and recorded very accurate observations of the positions of stars and planets
c. Proved mathematically that planets’ orbits are elliptical
d. Observed moons orbiting Jupiter
K
G
e. Formulated the law of universal gravitation
N
3. Distinguish between the terms “rotate” and “revolve” in relation to earth’s motion.
a. Rotate – to spin on an axis that passes through the center of an object
b. Revolve – to circle around a point outside of an object
4. Describe the shape of the earth as it rotates. – It bulges at the equator.
5. What is the “Coriolis effect”? – the tendency of objects initially moving in a straight path to be
deflected due to earth’s rotation
6. How does the Foucault pendulum demonstrate that the earth rotates? – only a rotating earth
could explain the direction and pattern in which the pendulum’s swing changed
7. What is the most direct evidence that the earth rotates? – astronauts have watched the earth
turn completely around in one day
8. What causes the days to be longer and the sun’s position to be higher in the sky during
summer? The tilt of the earth’s axis (23.5 degrees) and its revolution around the sun
T
Name: _____________________________
9. Which direction does the earth’s axis always point? – towards the north star
10. What does “parallax” mean in reference to stars? – The apparent shift of nearby stars among
farther stars as the earth’s position around the sun changes
11. Why are meteors more plentiful after midnight?
a. Meteors bombard the leading face more frequently.
12. How often does the earth orbit the sun? - Once a year